湖北南漳縣2016高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解和單項(xiàng)選擇選練(12)答案(DOC)

1、-1 -閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C 和 D）中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。The Renaissanee, considered by modern scholars to have been the time between 1,300 and 1,600,was a period of European history when many new inventions and beliefs came into being.The Ren aissa nce is traced back to rich Italia n cities such as Florence , Mi

2、la n , and Ven ice .Inthese cities bus in essme n started to spe nd their extra money on things like pain ti ng and educati on ,and to consider new techniques of banking and systems of government.A new type of scholar , thehumanist（人文主義者）arose.Humanism was concerned with humankind and culture.Latin

3、and Greek,literature and philosophy , music and mathematics were among the subjects humanists studied.The Ren aissa nce gave rise to new forms of pain ti ng andsculpture.DuringtheRen aissa nce, artists were no Ion ger regarded as mere artisa ns（工匠）. Many artists drew onmathematics in order to become

4、 more accurate in their measureme nts （度量）and to make sure an objectwas prese nted in realistic proporti on s.They also studied the way light hits objects and the ways our eyesperceive it.A new kind of paint , called oil paint , was inven ted.The Renaissance affected all of the society.Many people b

5、ecame interested in politics , and theworld outside their tow ns.They became explorers , bus in essme n, etc.The effect on religio n wasespecially strong.ln the Middle Ages people were primarily concerned with serving the church and gett ingto heave n.But the in crease in arts and educati on gave pe

6、ople things to look forward to in life , and madethem lose interest in the church.The Renaissance produced many great minds.Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest, althoughhe was not regarded that way at the time.Am ong his many works of art were Mona Lisa and The LastSupper.He is also regarded a

7、s a great inven tor , and is credited for coming up with the idea of thehelicopter.1. Accord ing to the sec ond paragraph , the Renaissance_.A . occurred all over EuropeB.started in ItalyC.in flue need art, finance , and physical educati onD.was the most popular in Florence答案：B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段The Rena

8、issance is traced back to rich Italian cities such asFlore nce , Milan and Ven ice. ”可知，文藝復(fù)興運(yùn)動(dòng)始于意大利，所以正確答案為B 項(xiàng)。2.Which of the followings took place during the Renaissance?A.People stopped going to church.-2 -B.New forms of painting emerged.C.Oil paint became very popular.D.The humanists disappeared.

9、-3 -答案：B 纟田節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)文章第三段“The Renaissanee gave rise to new forms of paintingand sculpture.及 “Anew kind of paint , called oil paint , was inven ted.可知，油畫(huà)這種新的繪 畫(huà)形式在文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了，所以正確答案為B 項(xiàng)。3.We can learn from the passage that_.A . during the Renaissanee many explorers and map-makers appearedB.bus in essme

10、n started the Ren aissa neeC peoples in terest in educati on deeli nedD. the humanists took power during the Renaissanee答案：A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段及第四段的Many peopole became interested inpolitics , and the world outside their tow ns.They became explorers , bus in essme n, etc. 可知，在 文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了許多探險(xiǎn)家、商人和制圖師，所以正確答案為A

11、 項(xiàng)。4.Which of the following statements about Leonardo da Vinci is NOT true?A . He created The Last Supper.B.He was a great inven tor.C.He was the first to imagine the helicopter.D.Many people of his time considered him a genius.答案：D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest,although h

12、e was not regarded that way at the time.可知，萊奧納多 達(dá) 芬奇在他所生活的時(shí)代并 沒(méi)有被認(rèn)為是天才，所以正確答案為D 項(xiàng)。5.What does the author mainly talk about in this passage?A . The Renaissanee in Europe.B.The birthplace of the Renaissanee.C.The effects of the Renaissanee.D.Some famous artists in Europe.答案：C 主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了文藝復(fù)興給整個(gè)社會(huì)所帶來(lái)

13、的影響，以及這個(gè)時(shí) 期社會(huì)上所出現(xiàn)的新現(xiàn)象。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C 或 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。We already know the fastest, least expe nsive way to slow climate cha nge:Use less en ergy. With a-4 -little effort, and not much mon ey, most of us could reduce our en ergy diets by 25 perce nt ormore doing the Earth a favor while also h

14、elping our wallets.Not Iong ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet not to lose a little weight but to answer anannoying questi on about climate cha nge. Scien tists have reported rece ntly that the world is heati ngup eve n faster tha n predicted only a few years ago, and that the con seque nces c

15、ould be severe ifwe don t keep reduc ing emissi 0 門(mén)門(mén)排（放）of carb on dioxide（CO2）and other gree nhouse gases that are trapp ing heatin our atmosphere.We decided to try an experime nt. For one mon th we recorded our pers onal emissi ons of CO2. Wewan ted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on

16、 a strict die t. The average US household（家庭）produces about150 pounds of CO2a day by doing com mon-place things like turning on air- conditioning or driving cars. That s morethan twice the European average and almostfive times the global average, mostly because America ns drive more and have bigger

17、houses. But how much should we try toreduce?For an an swer, I checked with Tim Fla nn ery, author of The Weather Makers:How Man IsChanging the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth. In his book, he had challe nged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissi ons to keep the world from reach in

18、g extremely importa nt tipping points, such as the melting（融化）of the icesheets in Greenland or West Antarctica.“ To stay belowthat point, we need to reduce CO2emissions by 80 percent, “ he said.Good advice, I thought. I d opened our bedroom windows to let in the wind. We d gotten so uskeeping our ai

19、r- conditioning going around the clock. I d almost forgotten the windows even opened.We should not let this happen again. It s time for us to change our habits if necessary.1. Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?A. To take special kinds of food.B. To resp ond to climate cha nge.C. To lose

20、 weight.D. To improve their health.-5 -2. The un derl ined words“ tipp ing points ” most probably refer to ”.“A. freez ing pointsB. burning points-6 -3. It can be inferred from the passage that _ .A. it is n ecessary to keep the air-c on diti oning on all the timeB. it seems possible for every house

21、hold to cut emissions of CO2C. the average US household produces about 3, 000 pounds of CO2a monthD. the average European household produces about 1,000 pounds of CO2a month4. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. Savi ng En ergy Starts at HomeB. Changing Our Habits Begi

22、ns at WorkC. Changing Climate Sounds Reas on ableD. Reduci ng Emissi ons of CQ Proves Difficult【參考答案】1-4 BCBA閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Across the pla net there are millio ns of people who en gage in some type of meditati on, the practice ofconcen trati ng and cleari ng the mi nd to bring th

23、e body into a state of peace, at least a semi-regularbasis. For some, particularly among practiti oners of Easter n religio ns such as Buddhism and Hinduism, this is part and parcel of their religious practice.C. melt ing pointsD. boil ing points-7 -For others, particularly in Western cultures, medi

24、tation tends to be a response to stress.With the world economy approachi ng meltdow n and people worried about their job ortheir ability to keep their home, its a way for people to attain a state of peace of mindand well-be ing.For those in terested in tak ing up the practice, in struct ion in medit

25、ati on for begi nnerscan be found in literally thousa nds of sources. ww w.x kb1.c omOne of the most popular styles of mediation in the West, with classes offered in most major cities, iscalled Transcendental Meditation. TM, as it is known among its practitioners, first came to worldwideattention wh

26、en the Beatles began practicing it in 1967. For direct, guided, pers onal in struct ion inmeditatio n for the beg inner, TM may be the hallmark.Part of the con fusi on about how to practice meditati on effectively is due to the fact that there are literallyhun dreds of tech niq ues champi oned by va

27、rious groups andindividuals. As a general principle, it might be said that all meditation techniques seek to have thepractitioner attain a state of consciousness that is different to our ordinary state of aware ness. Theyattempt to train people to clear their mi nds and achieve a sense of inner peac

28、e. It sounds simple eno ugh,but of the huge nu mber of people experime nt with meditatio n, very few are able to main tai n its practiceover the long haul. I n most cases, this is due to frustratio n over the in ability to experie nce any dramatic,in sta ntly recog ni zable effects.This is quite a s

29、ad state of affairs, that so few these days are willi ng or equipped to persist in somethingthatdoesn t provide immediate l-ehanging results. It reflects a culture in which dema nds for discipli neand susta ined effort are con sidered unn ecessary or eve n un fair. It is no surprise therefore that m

30、anypeople aba ndon their efforts at meditati on before they have a cha nce to bear fruit.But for anyone who does decide to take up this worthwhile practice, please remember.You must clear your mind, relax and“take it as it comes”. Maintain the practice withsense of discipli ne and devotio n, and eve

31、 ntually ben efits of inner peace and calm will be yours.41. The un derli ned part“part and parcel of”in paragraph 1 is n earest in meaning toA. closely associated with B. very differe nt toC. usually sent from D. an importa nt eleme nt of【答案】D-8 -【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。因?yàn)橼は胧亲诮叹毩?xí)的一個(gè)重要元素。故選D。42. The goal of medit

32、atio n is_ .A. to clear the mi nd B. to practice a religio nC. to develop a tech nique D. to carry out an experime nt【答案】A【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“meditation, the practice of concentrating and clearing themi nd to bring the body into a state of peace,可知選A?！?3. What can we infer about meditati on from the passag

33、e?A. It has two main types.B. It is practiced by many famous artists.C. Its ben efits are not immediately obvious.D. Most people find it a very good way to relax.【答案】C【解析】 推理判斷題。由 “very few are able to maintain its practice over the long haul. In most cases,this is due to frustrati on over the in ab

34、ility to experie nce any dramatic, in sta ntly recog ni zable effects.可知冥想的益處不是直接顯著的。故選C。44. Accord ing to the writer, what has attracted many Western people to meditati on practices in rece ntyears?A. Their improved un dersta nding of foreig n culture.B. The need to fill in their growing free time.

35、C. I ncreasi ng employme nt in stability.D. Migrati on from coun tries in which meditati on is traditi on al.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段 “particularly in Western cultures, meditation tends tobe a response to stress. With the world economy approaching meltdown and people worried about their-9 -job or their a

36、bility to keep their home,可知，是職業(yè)不穩(wěn)定性的 日益增加，使冥想練習(xí)吸引了西方人。故選C。45. Who is the probable audience for this article?A. Experieneed meditation practitioners.B. People interested in starting to learn meditation.C. Buddhists and Hin dus.D. People who are very religious.【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“But for anyone who does

37、 decide to take up this worthwhilepractice, please remember. You must clear your mi nd, relax and“take it as it comes可知，這篇文章的讀者是那些對(duì)開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)冥想感性趣的人。故選B。2015高考英語(yǔ)（附解析答案）I單項(xiàng)填空1. Those who suffer from headache will find they get_ from this medicine.A . reliefB . safetyC. defenseD . shelter解析考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那些頭痛患

38、者會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們會(huì)通過(guò)這種藥減輕疼痛。relief緩解，減輕；safety 安全；defense 保護(hù)；shelter 庇護(hù)。答案 A2. This special school accepts all disabled stude nts，_ educati on al level and backgro und.A . according toB . regardless ofC. in addition toD . in terms of解析 選項(xiàng) A 意為 根據(jù)”；選項(xiàng) B 意為 不顧；拋開(kāi)不說(shuō)”；選項(xiàng) C 意為 除之外（還有）”；選項(xiàng) D 意為 就來(lái)說(shuō)”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境知道，選項(xiàng)B 合適。答案

39、 B3.As there is less and less coal and oil , scientists are exploring new ways of making use of_-10 -en ergy, such as sun light, wind and water for power and fuel.A . primaryB . alter nativeC. instantD . unique解析考查形容詞詞義辨析。語(yǔ)意表示煤炭與石油”之外的可供替代的能源如陽(yáng)光、風(fēng)和水，alternative 表示供替代的；兩者擇一的 ”。答案 B4. Look at the trou

40、ble I am in !If only 1your advice.A. followedB. would followC. had followedD . should follow解析 if only 表示如果就好了 ”，表示與事實(shí)相反，條件意味強(qiáng)烈，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。此句表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，須選用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。答案 C5._that you are chosen to be monitor of our class , what will you do?A . AssumedB . To assumeC. AssumingD . To be assumed解析 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知前半部分為

41、狀語(yǔ)，assuming that 表示 假設(shè). ”。答案 C6.I m afraid I have no_ but to ask you to leave school.A .substituteB . alter nativeC. opport unityD . objective解析 alternative 在此處是名詞可能的選擇。句意：恐怕我別無(wú)選擇，只有讓你離開(kāi)學(xué)校。答案 B7.The bell_ the end of the period rang_ our heated discussion.A .indicating; interruptingB . indicated; int

42、erruptingC.indicating; interruptedD . indicated; interrupted解析 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法。句中謂語(yǔ)為ran g; in dicat ing 作定語(yǔ)修飾 bell; in terrupti ng 是現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。答案 A8._A society was set up to the endangered animal and plant life from dying out in this area.A . reserveB . preserveC. observeD . deserve-11 -解析句意：建立一個(gè)團(tuán)體來(lái)保護(hù)瀕臨滅絕的動(dòng)植物以避免其絕跡。reserve 預(yù)訂，保留；observe 觀察；deserve 值得。答案 B9. _ ，we