205年管理類聯(lián)考英語二真題及答案解析

1、2015 年管理類聯(lián)考英語二真題及答案解析SectionIUse of EnglishDirecti ons: Read the follow ing text. Choose the best word(s) for eachnumbered bla nk and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 poi nts)Directions : Read the following text 。Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and markA,B,C or D on ANSWER SHE

2、ET 1.(10 poi nts)In our con temporary culture, the prospect of com muni cat ing with - oreve n look ing at - a stra nger is virtually un bearable. Every one around usseems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phon es, eve n without a 1 un dergro und.Its a sad reality - our desire to avoid in t

3、eract ing with other huma nbeings - because theres 2 to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But youwould nt know it, 3 into your phone. This uni versal armorsends the 4 : Please dont approach me.What is it that makes us feel we n eed to hide 5 our scree ns?One an swer is fear, ac

4、cord ing to Jon Wortma nn, executive men tal coach.Wefear rejection,or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as creepy,.We fear well be 7 . We fear well be disruptive. Stra ngers are in here ntly8 to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 whe n com muni cat ing with them comparedwith our friends

5、and acqua intan ces.To avoid this an xiety,we 10 to our ph ones.Ph ones become our security bla nket, Wortma nn says. They are our happy glasses thatprotect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, itdoes nt 12

6、 so bad. In one 2011 experime nt, behavioral scie ntists Nicholas Epley andJuliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a13. The duo had Chicagotrain commuters talk to their fellow 14. When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked otherpeople in the same tra in statio n to15 how they woul

7、d feel after talk ing to a stra nger, the commuters thoughttheir 16 would be more pleasa nt if they sat on their own, the New York Times summarizes.Though the participa nts did nt expect a positive experie nee,after they 17 with the experiment, not a single person reported having been sn ubbed.18, t

8、hese commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communi cati on, which makes absolute sen se, 19 huma n beings thrive off of social conn ecti ons. Its that 20: Talk ing to stra ngers can make you feel conn ected.1. A ticketB permitC sig nalD record2. A nothi ngB littleC a nothe

9、rD much3. A beate nB guidedC pluggedD brought4. A messageB codeC noticeD sign5. A un derB beyo ndC behi ndD from6. A misappliedB mismatchedC misadjustedD misi nterpreted7. A replacedB firedC judgedD delayed8. A un reas on ableB un gratefulC unconven ti on alD un familiar9. A comfortableB con fide nt

10、C an xiousD angry10.A atte ndB poi ntC takeD turn11.A dan gerousB mysteriousC viole ntD boring12.A hurtB resistC ben dD decay13.A lectureB con versatio nC debateD negotiation14.A passe ngersB employeesC researchersD tra in ees15.A revealB chooseC predict D design16.A voyageB rideC walkD flight17.A w

11、ent throughB did awayC caught upD put up18.A in turnB in fact C in particularD in con seque nee19.A unl essB sin ceC ifD whereas2O.A fu nn yB logicalC simpleD rareSectionnReading ComprehensionPart ADirections : Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text bychoos ing A, B, C o

12、r D. Mark your an swers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 poi nts)Text1A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys. People art actually more stressedat homethan at work. Researchers measured people s control. Which is it at stress marker.While they were at work and while they were at home and found it h

13、igher at what is supposedto be a place of refuge。“ Further contradictingconventional wisdom we found that womenas wellas men have lower levels of stress at work than at home” writes one of theresearchers. Sarah Damaske In fact wome n say they feel better at work. She notes. “ itis mennot women. Whor

14、eport being happier at home than at work”Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with children and without butmore so for non parents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health 。What the study doesn t measure is whether people are still doing workwhen the

15、y re at homewhether it is household work or work brought homefrom the office.For many men the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For wome n who stay home theyn ever get to leave the office. And for wome n who work outside the homethey often areplaying catch-up-with-householdtasks.With the bl

16、urring of roles and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace inmaking adjustments for working womenit s not surprising that wome n are more stressed athome 。But it s not just a gender thing. At work people pretty much know whatthey re supposed to be doing: working making moneydoin

17、g the tasks they have to do inorder to draw an in come. The barga in is very pure: Employee putsin hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola。On the home front however people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in whichthe divisi on of labor is so cli ni c

18、ally and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to bedone there are in adequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-yourfamily-have no clear rewards for their labor; they n eed to be talked into it or if they retee nagersthreate ned with complete removal of all electro nic device

19、s. Plus they reyour family. You cannot fire your family. You n ever really get to go home from home。So it s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not onlyare the tasks apparently infinitethe co-workers are muchharder to motivate21.According to Paragraph 1 , most previous surveys foun

20、dhome_A was an un realistic place for relaxati onB ge nerated more stress tha n the workplaceC was an ideal plac efor stress measureme ntD offered greater relaxati on tha n the workplace22.According to Damaske , who are likely to be the happiest at home?A Worki ng mothersB Childless husba ndsC Child

21、less wivesD Work ing fathers23 The blurringof working womens roles refers to thethat_A they are both breadw inners and housewivesB their home is also a place for kick ing backthatfactC there is ofte n much housework left beh indD it is difficult for them to leave their office24. The word“ moola”(Lin

22、e4 , Para 4)most probably means_A e nergyB skillsC ear ningsD nu triti on25. The home front differs from the workplace in that_A home is hardly a cozier work ing en vir onmentB divisi on of labor at home is seldom clear-cutC household tasks are gen erally more motivati ngD family labor is ofte n ade

23、quately rewardedText 2For years studies have found that first-ge nerati onstude nts-those who do not have a pare nt with a college degree-lag otherstudents on a range of education achievement factors. Their gradesand their dropout rates are higher. But since such stude nts are most likely tocollegea

24、re loweradva nee econo mically if they succeed in higher educati on colleges anduniversities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created“ a paradox ” in that recruitingfirst-generationstudents but then watchingmany of them fail means that higher educati on has“ continued to rep

25、roduceand widen rather than close ” achievement gap based on social class according to thedepress ingbeg inning of a paper forthco mingin the jour nalPsychological Scie nee 。But the article is actually quite optimistic as it outlines a potential solution to thisproblem suggesting that an approach(wh

26、ich involves a on e-hour n ext-to-no-costprogram)ca n close 63 perce nt of the achieveme nt gap(measured by such factors asgrades)betwee n first-ge nerati on and other students。The authors of the paper are from differe nt uni versities and theirfindings are based on a study in volv ing 147 stude nts

27、(who completedtheproject)at an unn amed private uni versity. First gen erati on was defi ned as not hav ingapare nt with a four-year college degree Most of thefirst-generation students(59.1percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, afederal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was

28、trueonly for 8.6 perce nt of the stude nts with at least one pare nt with a four-year degreeTheir thesis-that a relatively modest in terve nti on could have a big impact-was basedon the view that first-ge ne ratio n stude nts may be most lack ing not in pote ntial but inpractical kno wledge about ho

29、w to deal with the issues that face most college students Theycite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be n arrowed toclose the achievement gap。Many first-generationstudents struggle to navigate the middle-classculture of higher education , learn the rules of the

30、game, and take advantage of collegeresources ” they write And this becomes more of a problem when collages don t talk aboutthe class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of stude nts Because US collegesand uni versities seldom ack no wledge how social class can affect students educational

31、experienee , many first-ge ne rati on stude nts lack sight about why they are struggli ng anddo not un dersta nd how stude nts like them can improve26. Recruit ing more first-ge nerati on stude nts hasA reduced their dropout ratesB n arrowed the achieveme nt gapC missed its orig inal purposeD depres

32、sed college stude nts27 The author of the research article are optimistic becauseA the problem is solvableB their approach is costlessq the recruit ing rate has in creasedDtheir finding appeal to stude nts28 The study suggests that most first-ge ne ratio n stude ntsA study at private uni versitiesB

33、are from sin gle-pare nt familiesq are in n eed of finan cial supportDhave failed their collage29. The author of the paper believe that first-ge nerati on stude ntsA are actually in differe nt to the achieveme nt gapB ca n have a pote ntial in flue nee on other stude ntsC may lack opport un ities to

34、 apply for research projectsD are in experie need in han dli ng their issues at college30.We may infer from the last paragraph thatA uni versities ofte n rect the culture of the middle-classpoi nts out , in crease allegia nee to the firmoYou have the importatio n ofB stude nts are usually to blame f

35、or their lack of resourcesC social class greatly helps en rich educatio nal experie ncesD colleges are partly resp on sible for the problem in questio nText3Eve n in traditi onal offices，“ the lin gua franca of corporate Americahas gotte n much more emotio nal and much more right-bra ined tha n it w

36、as 20 years ago ,said Harvard Bus in ess School professor Nancy Koeh n She started spinning off examples?！?If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990 , we would see much lessfrequent use of terms like Journey mission passion. There were goals , there werestrategies , there were ob

37、jectives , but we didn t talk about energy;we didn t talkabout passion ?！盞oeh n poin ted out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very“ team ” -oriented-and not by coincidenee?！?Let s not forget sDorts-inmale-do min ated corporate America , it s still a big deal. It s not explicitly consciou

38、s;it s the idea that I m a coach , and you re my team , and we re in this together. Thereare lots and lots of CEOs in very differe nt companies , but most think of themselves ascoaches and this is their team and they want to win 。These terms a re also inten ded to in fuse work with mea nin g-a nd ,

39、as Khura naterminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religiousorganizations : Terms like vision, values ,passion , and purpose，” said KhuranaThis new focus on personal fulfillmentcan help keep employees motivatedamid increasinglyloud debates over work-life

40、balanee The “ mommwars” ofthe 1990s a re still going on today prompting arguments about why womenstill cant have itall and books like Sheryl Sandbergs Lean In, whose title hasbecome a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug, offline , life-hackbandwidth , and capacity are all about setting boun

41、daries between the office and the homeBut if your work is your“passion ” you ll be more likely todevote yourself to it , even if that means going home for dinner and then working long afterthe kids are in bedBut this seems to be the irony of office speak: Every one makes fun ofit , but managers love

42、 it , companies depend on it , and regular people willingly absorb it AsNun berg said ，“ You can get people to think it s nonsense at the same time that you buyinto it ?！?In a workplace that s fun dame ntally in differe nt to your life and its meaningoffice speak can help you figure out how you rela

43、te to your work-a nd how your work defi neswho you are31. Accord ing to Nan cyKoeh n office Ian guage has become_A more e moti onalB more objectiveC less en ergeticD less en ergeticE less strategic32.“ team” -oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to_A historical in cide ntsB ge nder diffe

44、re neeC sports cultureD athletic executives33._ Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to_A revive historical termsB promote compa ny imageC foster corporate cooperati onD stre ngthe n employee loyalty34.lt can be in ferred that Lea n In_A voices for work ing wome nB appeals to pa

45、ssi on ate workaholicsC triggers debates among mommiesD praises motivated employees35.Which of the follow ing stateme nts is true about office speak?A Ma nagers admire it but avoid itB L in guists believe it to be nonsenseC Compa nies find it to be fun dame ntalD Regular people mock it but accept it

46、Text4Many people talked of the 2880OOnew jobs the Labor Departme nt reportedfor Jure along with the drop in the unemployment take to 6 J percent. at good n ews. And theywere right. For now it appears the economy is creat ing jobsat a decent pace. Westill have a long way to go to get back to full emp

47、loyment but at least weare now fin ally mov ing forward at a faster pace。However there is ano ther importa nt part of the jobs picture that waslargely overlooked. There was a big jump in the nu mber of people who reportvolun tarily work ing part-time. This figure is now 830000(44 perce nt)above its

48、year ago levelBefore explaining the connection to the Obamacare it is worth making an importa ntdisti ncti on. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They takepart-time work because this is all they can get.An in crease in involun tary part-time work is evide nee of weak n

49、ess in the labor market andit means that many people will behav ing a very hard time making ends meet。There was an in crease in involun tary part-time in June but the gen eral directi on hasbee n dow n. Involun tary part-time employme nt is still far higher than before the recessionbut it is down by

50、 640000(7.9 percent)from its year ago level 。We know the differe nee betwee nvolun tary andinvolun tarypart-timeemployme nt because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Departme nt asks peopleif they worked less tha n 35hours in the refere nee week. If the answer is “yes?！?they areclassified

51、 as working part-time. The survey then asks whether they worked less tha n 35hours in that week because they wan ted to work less tha n full time or because they had nochoice. They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey takerthey chose to work less tha n 35 hours

52、a week。The issue of voluntarypart-time relates to Obamacare because one of themain purposes was to allow people to get in sura nee outside of employme nt.For many people especially those with serious health con diti ons or familymembers with serious health conditions before Obamacare the only way to

53、 get in sura neewas through a job that provided health in sura nee。However Obamacare has allowed more than 12 millionpeople to either getin sura nee through Medicaid or the excha nges. These are people who maypreviously have felt the n eed to get a full-time job that provided in sura nee in order to

54、 coverthemselves and their families. With Obamacare there is noIon ger a link betwee n employme nt and in sura nee。36. Which part of the jobs picture was n eglected?A. The prospect of a thriv ing job market。B. The in crease of volun tary part-time jobs。C. The possibility of full employme nt。D. The a

55、cceleratio n of job creati on。37. Many people work part-time because theyA. prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobsB. feel that is eno ugh to make ends meetC. cannot get their hands on full-time jobsD. have n t see n the weak ness of the market38. I nvolu ntary part-time employme nt in the USA. is h

56、arder to acquire tha n one year agoB. shows a gen eral tendency of decli neC. satisfies the real n eed of the joblessD. is lower tha n before the recessi on39. It can be lear ned that with ObamacareA. it is no Ion ger easy for part-timers to get in sura neeB. employme nt is no Ion ger a prec on diti

57、 on to get in sura neeC. it is still challe nging to get in sura nee for family membersD. full-time employme nt is still esse ntial for in sura nee40. The text mai nly discussesA. employme nt in the USB. part-timer classificatio nC. in sura nee through MedicaidD. Obamacare s troublePart BDirections

58、: Read the followingtext and answer the questions by choosingthe most suitable subhead ing from the list A-G for each nu mbered paragraph (41-45).Thereare two extra subhead ings which you do not n eed to use. Make your an swers on theANSWER SHEET. (10 poi nts)A You are not aloneB Experie nee helps y

59、ou growC Pave your own unique pathD Most of your fears are un realE Thi nk about the prese nt mome ntF Don t fear responsibility for your lifeG There are many things to be grateful forSome Old Truths to Help You Overcome Tough TimesUnfortun ately, life is not a bed of roses. We are going through lif

60、efacing sad experie nces. Moreover, we are griev ing various kinds of loss: a frien dship, romantic relatio nship or a house .Hard times may hold you dow n at what usually seems like themost inopportune time, but you should remember that they won t last forever.When our time of mour ning is over, we