初三英語動詞不定式+朗文知識精講試題

1、日 期： 2020 年 1 月 1 日創(chuàng) 作人：歷恰面初三英語動詞不定式人教版朗文創(chuàng) 作人：歷恰面日 期：2020年 1 月 1 日【同步教育信息 】一.本周教學(xué)內(nèi)容：復(fù)習(xí)動詞不定式作表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語和作定語。一.動詞不定式放在謂語動詞be 后面就是作表語。e.g. Our duty is to study hard for the people.連系動詞作表語Her wish is to become a teacher.她的愿望是成為一名老師。作表語所以不定式作表語的構(gòu)造是：謂語動詞 be+ to doThemost importantthingisto practisespe

2、akingEnglishas oftenas possible.盡可能經(jīng)常練習(xí)講英語是最重要的。二.動詞不定式在及物動詞后面就是作賓語。我們已經(jīng)學(xué)過的動詞有：want, wish, hope, agree, plan, try, start, begin, decide, learn, like, know, help等等。e.g. Mrs Li wants to take these books to the office.李老師想把這些書帶到辦公室去。I like to play computer games in my free time.我喜歡在業(yè)余時(shí)間是玩電子游戲。重點(diǎn)：有些及物動詞

3、后面還可以跟帶有疑問代詞what,which,who, whose 等或者疑問副詞 how, why, where, when等的不定式作賓語。日 期： 2020 年 1 月 1 日創(chuàng) 作人：歷恰面e.g. Sam didn t know which book to choose.山姆不知道該選擇哪一本書。The teacher couldnt decide when to have a quiz.老師不能決定什么時(shí)候進(jìn)展測試。注意：A. 只有及物動詞后面的不定式才叫不定式作賓語，而不及物動詞后面的不定式叫作狀語。e.g. Linda decided to learn a second for

4、eign language.琳達(dá)決定學(xué)另外一種外國語。decide是及物動詞， to learn是不定式作賓語。The students often go to see Uncle Wang.go是不及物動詞， to see是不定式作目的狀語。B. 假如有疑問詞，必須放在不定式之前。e.g. Mary doesnt knowwhat to do next.瑪麗不知道下一步該干什么。Did anyone tell you when to have a sports meeting?有人告訴你什么時(shí)間是開運(yùn)動會了嗎？C. it作形式賓語，真正的賓語to do sth.放在后面，請記住這個(gè)句型，th

5、ink/find+ it + adj. + to do sth.e.g. I find it difficult to understand him.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難理解他。Mother thinks it important to master English.母親認(rèn)為掌握英語很重要。The child found it very hard to get to the top of the mountain.孩子發(fā)現(xiàn)到達(dá)山頂很難。三.動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的構(gòu)造是：謂語動詞加賓語名詞或者代詞，再跟一個(gè)不定式，形成一個(gè)復(fù)合構(gòu)造。e.g.tell sb. to do sth.告訴某人做某事ask sb

6、. to do sth.請某人做某事wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事would like sb. to do sth.愿意某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.教某人做某事order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事動詞不定式的否認(rèn)形式是在不定式前加not.e.g. tell sb. not to do sth.告訴 / 叫某人不要做某事The policeman told the boys not to play in the street.警察叫男孩們別在街上玩。這種構(gòu)造中還可以有疑問代詞或者疑問副詞。e.g. teach sb how to do

7、 sth.Mr Pope taught Lina how to use the washing machine. tell sb. where / how / when to do sth.Malcolm told Susan where to get some coffee.注意：不帶 to 的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的情況有：A. 在感官動詞， see, hear, watch, feel, notice等后面。B. 在使役動詞， make, let, have等后面作賓補(bǔ)的不定式不能加to.記住：see sb. do sth.看見某人做某事hear sb. do sth.聽見某人做某事watc

8、h sb. do sth.觀察某人做某事feel sb. do sth.感覺 / 覺察某人做某事make sb. do sth.迫使某人做某事let / have sb. do sth.讓某人做某事沒有被動語態(tài)遇到這類句子變成被動語態(tài)時(shí)，一定要加to 千萬不可忘記。be made to do sth. be seen / heard to do sth. e.g.People often hear the girl sing in the concert.The girl is often heard to sing in the concertby peopleMrs Black made

9、Jack do more exercises.Jack was made to do more exercises by Mrs Black. A middle-aged man was seen to go into the office.有人看見一個(gè)中年男人進(jìn)入辦公室。四.動詞不定式作狀語可以表示目的，結(jié)果和原因。e.g. She went to choose a Christmas present last week.上周她去選擇圣誕禮物。表示目的Judy took a taxi in order to get to the airport in time.朱娣乘出租車為的是及時(shí)趕到飛機(jī)

10、場。表示目的He is old enough to join the army.他已到了參 HY的年齡。表示結(jié)果Grandpa is too tired to go on working.爺爺年齡太大不能繼續(xù)工作了。表示結(jié)果I m glad to see my friends again.再見到朋友們我很快樂。表示原因Sorry to hear that Ben is ill.聽到本生病了很傷心。表示原因重點(diǎn)應(yīng)當(dāng)記?。?. 表示目的狀語的不定式有兩種：A. 不及物動詞后面跟狀語。e.g. Kevin came to tell us the bad news.凱文來是為了告訴我們這個(gè)壞消息。及物

11、動詞后面的不定式作賓語。We wish to have a happy holiday.我們希望過個(gè)愉快的假期。B. to do sth. / in order to do sth.是“為了做某事否認(rèn)形式 in order not to do sth.e.g. In order to get to school early, he got up at 6 oclock this morning.今天早晨為了早到校，他六點(diǎn)鐘就起床了。We should go over the exercises not to make the same mistake.為了不犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤，我們應(yīng)該檢查一下這些練

12、習(xí)。2. 記住兩個(gè)表示結(jié)果狀語的動詞不定式短語。 enough to do足夠做某事The city hall is not large enough to hold thousands of people.政廳太小 / 不夠?qū)挻?，包容不下幾千人。too to do太以致不能做某事It s never too old to learn.活到老，學(xué)到老。3. 表示原因的不定式作狀語的構(gòu)造是：be + adj.+ to do 常用的形容詞有： sorry,happy, sad,glad, pleased, lucky, surprised, able, eager, angry, ready, c

13、lever, foolish,wrong, right等等。e.g. Kate is surprised to hear the good news.聽到這個(gè)好消息 Kate 很驚奇。Lily is sorry to be late.莉莉遲到很抱歉。You are clever to solve the difficult problem.解決這個(gè)難題你真是太聰明了。注意：動詞不定式作賓語與動詞不定式作狀語的區(qū)別：1. 及物動詞后面的是不定式作賓語e.g. I want to learn Russian.to learn Russian在及物動詞 want 后面作賓語。2. 從上面的例句中可以

14、看出及物動詞want 后面假如沒有 to learn Russian，句子意思那么不完好，說明to learn在及物動詞后面不可略。3. 不及物動詞后面的是不定式作目的狀語。e.g. He came to help me yesterday.不定式 to help me在不及物動詞后面表示came 的目的，作狀語。從上面的例句可以看出，假如只寫He came 句子成立，意思完好，說明to help me不是必不可缺的。句型轉(zhuǎn)換：A. enough to do與 so that can do 表示結(jié)果狀語從句之間可以進(jìn)展句型轉(zhuǎn)換。e.g. Mr Derham is tall enough to

15、reach the apples on the tree.Mr Deaham is so tall that he can reach the apples on the tree.Nasi spoke slowly enough for the children to under stand.Nasi spoke so slowly that the children could understand . Nasi說得慢為的是孩子們能懂。B. tooto do與 sothat cant do表示結(jié)果狀語從句之間的句型轉(zhuǎn)換。e.g. The old man was too tired to w

16、alk any further.The old man was so tired that he couldnt walk any further.老人太累了，以致走不動了。C. in order to do與 so that an表示目的狀語從句之間句型的轉(zhuǎn)換。e.g. I got up early in order to catch the first bus. I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.我早起為的是趕上第一班公一共汽車。五.動詞不定式可以用作定語。不定式有形容詞的作用，在句子中作定語，修飾名詞或者者代詞。動詞不定

17、式放在所修飾的名詞或者者代詞之后。表示“要做某事“的e.g. I have much housework to do.放在名詞之后我有許多家務(wù)要做。Do you want something to eat?你想吃些東西嗎？ / 你想要點(diǎn)吃的東西嗎？放在代詞之后切記：用作定語的動詞不定式一定要放在所修飾的名詞之后。e.g. Jane is always the first to finish her homework.Jane總是第一個(gè)完成作業(yè)。而單個(gè)的名詞，代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞用作定語一般放在所修飾的名詞之前。e.g. 名詞作定語June 1st isChildrenDasy.代詞作定語His

18、friend Edward called him just now.數(shù)詞作定語They sold ten books a moment ago.形容詞作定語This is an interesting book.介詞短語、副詞，不定式短語放在所修飾的名詞之后。介詞短語作定語： Who is the woman in front of the building?副詞作定語Whose is the magazine there?不定式作定語Do you have anything to say?注意兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)：1. 必須是在所修飾的名詞之后的才是不定式作定語。e.g. Han Mei was the

19、 second student to get to school.韓梅是第二個(gè)到校的學(xué)生。We have something to read.我們有些要看的書。2. 假如不定式中的動詞是不及物動詞，或者者被修飾的名詞是不定式動詞的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式動詞后面應(yīng)該有必須的介詞。e.g. There is only a small room to live in.to live in the roomThere is nothing to worry about.沒什么可擔(dān)憂的。to worry about【模擬試題】I. 單項(xiàng)選擇：1. Its a nice place.A. for visit

20、B. to visitC. visitD. to visited2. The family has four children.A. to look outB. to lookC. to look afterD.to take3. The poem islearn by heart.A. enough long toB. too long for us to notC. too long for us not toD. too long for us to4. He opened the windowthe fresh air in.A. to letB. to catchC. to take

21、D. to made5. The man drovethe tree.A. fast enough that he knocked onB. so fast that he knocked onC. so fast that he knockedD. so fast to knock6. Jim told himany more.A. to lieB. not lieC. not to lieD. didn t lie7. You must watch the workersthe machine carefully.A. to openB. operatedC. to operateD. o

22、perate8. The foreigner wantsto the zoo.A. to know how to goB. to know how goC. to know to go howD. to know how going9. Don t forgetyour sister here next time.A. bringB. to bringC. broughtD. to take10. My idea is.A. to have him to do itB. help you with you ChineseC. to let Wu do it by himselfD. to wr

23、ite it by French.II. 根據(jù)句意用方框內(nèi)所給詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空。make, write to, build, not change ones mind, helpwith, teach, use, have to,clean, sothat1. The windows of the roomby the children two days ago.2. He runsfastwe cant catch up with him.3. She is not here. Sheher brotherhis lessons.4. You, have you?5. Heyou as s

24、oon as he gets there.6. He can t go to play because hefinish his homework first.7. The building near the school mustin half a year.8. Li Lin asked whoyou English last term.9. There is something wrong with it. Please stopit.10.“ Would you like to go out with me?“ No, I have a shirt.II.補(bǔ)全對話：A:Outside

25、the school gateHello! My name is Wang Li. Im here to meet you.B: Hello!1 . Wang Li. My name is Bill Smith.2A: Glad to meet you, too. Bill. Are you from America?B: No.3 .A: Welcome to our school, Bill.B:4 .A: Its a pleasure to be able to welcome a student from Canada. Let me help you carry the bags.B

26、:5 .A: You are welcome.IV. 根據(jù)中文提示和英文詞語翻譯句子。1. 小樹應(yīng)經(jīng)常澆水，他們才能長得好。 , then they can grow well.2. 在我們國家老年人應(yīng)該受到良好的照顧。 in our country.3. 這種杯子是用來喝酒的。This kind of cup.4. 因?yàn)榘职謰寢尪疾欢⑽模运麄儧Q定學(xué)英語。 , so they decided to learn English.5. 馬克·吐溫是世界上著名作家之一。Mark Twain wasin the world.6. 當(dāng)足球迷們看到貝克漢姆時(shí)，他們變得如此沖動，以致于喊著他

27、的名字。When the football fans saw Beckham, they gotthey shouted his name.V. 完形填空：Dumas大仲馬 livedin Paris.He was a famous1writer.2peopleknow him and like his works著作 . Once he was asked to visit Moscow. He had been tosome museums and places of interest there, he was very happy because the Russians gave3a

28、 warm welcome.One afternoon the writer decided to go to the biggest4in the city. The shopkeeper was told about it. He wanted to make the writer happy. So he told hismen to5the works of the other writers and put Dumas works on all the6Soon the writer came and began to7the books in the shop. But he8th

29、erewere only his works there. He9strange and asked“ 10are the other writers works, sir?Ofcoursetheshopkeeper11tellthetruth.Buthe didn tknow12to say. In a hurry he said,“ Theirs have been sold out, sir.1. A. RussianB. AmericanC. FrenchD. British2. A. MuchB. FewC. A lot ofD. Little3. A. to himB. herC.

30、 for himD. him4. A. bookstoreB. shoes storeC. clothes storeD.cap store5. A. take awayB. take outC. take offD. take care of6. A. desksB. tablesC. shelvesD. chairs7. A. look forB. watchC. seeD. read8. A. was sorryB. readC. thoughtD. found9. A. feelsB. is feelingC. feltD. had felt10. A. WhereB. WhatC.

31、WhenD. Who11. A. couldB. could notC. mightD. might not12. A. howB. whatC. whoD. whenVI. 閱讀理解Atthe beginningof the centurytherewas a farm near Los Angelesin California.It was called Hollywood Ranch牧場 . A few years later Hollywood was one of thefamous placesin the world.From the 1910s to the 1950s Hol

32、lywoodwas thefilmcentre ofthe world.Every familyknew the names of itsfilmstars CharlesChaplin,Greta Carbo, Ingrid Bergman, and hundreds more.Why did people go to Hollywood to make films? The reason was the sun. At first people made films in New York at the east land by the sea of the United States.B

33、ut thentheyheard aboutLos Angeles.There are 350 days ofsun everyear.As they made all the films by sunlight, the west land by the sea was a much better placeto work. Also near Hollywood you can find mountains and sea and forest. They did not have to travel far to make any kind of film.The first films

34、 were pictures without sound. Today we still watch this kindof plays by Charles Chaplin. In the late 1920s came the“ talkiest: kiz , youcould hear the people speaking and listen to the music. Today television became popular. People no longer went to the cinema. So Hollywood started making films for

35、television. Then in the 1970s they found that people still went to the cinemato see big expensive films such as True Lies, or Gone with the Wind. After seventy years they are still making films in Hollywood and people watch them all over the world.1. Hollywood is.A. in the centre of New YorkB. near Los Angles in CaliforniaC. at the east land by sea of USAD. far from California2. Hollywood is famous because.A. it