教學課件 (2)

1、 (主語和助動詞倒置主語和助動詞倒置)(主語和謂語完全倒置主語和謂語完全倒置)意義的意義的 也就是為了強調(diào)句子的某一內(nèi)容，并使上下文銜接緊也就是為了強調(diào)句子的某一內(nèi)容，并使上下文銜接緊密；或為了保持句子平衡。常見有下列情況密；或為了保持句子平衡。常見有下列情況: : Here comes the train to Beijing. 去北京的火車來了。去北京的火車來了。 There goes the bell. 鈴響了。鈴響了。 Down came the rain. 下雨了。下雨了。但主語是人稱代詞時，主語仍置于動詞之前。如但主語是人稱代詞時，主語仍置于動詞之前。如: Away he come

2、s. 他來了。他來了。 Here it comes. 它來了。它來了。2 2、為了強調(diào)句中的狀語或表語，為了保持句子平衡或上下文銜接、為了強調(diào)句中的狀語或表語，為了保持句子平衡或上下文銜接緊密，可將狀語或表語置于句首，句中主語和謂語完全倒裝。如緊密，可將狀語或表語置于句首，句中主語和謂語完全倒裝。如: : At the front of the hall sat the headmaster. (The headmaster sat at the front of the hall.) 校長坐在大廳的前部。校長坐在大廳的前部。 In this paragraph can be found an

3、 answer. (An answer can be found in this paragraph.) 在這段里能找到答案。在這段里能找到答案。 3 3、為了強調(diào)、為了強調(diào)onlyonly及其所修飾的狀語及其所修飾的狀語( (通常是副詞、介詞短語或從通常是副詞、介詞短語或從句句) )，則將它們移到句首，句中的主謂作部分倒裝。如，則將它們移到句首，句中的主謂作部分倒裝。如: : Only then did we realize that the man was blind. 直到那時我們才發(fā)現(xiàn)那個人是盲人。直到那時我們才發(fā)現(xiàn)那個人是盲人。 Only when the war was over

4、in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. 直到直到1918年戰(zhàn)爭結束后，他才得以愉快地重返工作崗位。年戰(zhàn)爭結束后，他才得以愉快地重返工作崗位。 4、將含有否定意義的副詞、將含有否定意義的副詞(never，seldom，not，little，hardly等等)置于句首以示強調(diào)時，句中的主謂作部分倒裝。置于句首以示強調(diào)時，句中的主謂作部分倒裝。如如:Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.一生中我很少見到如此果斷的人。一生中我很少見到如此果斷的人。5、為了強調(diào)、為了強調(diào)“not

5、a+名詞名詞”或或“not a single+名詞名詞”結構，結構，將其置于句首時，句中的主謂作部分倒裝。如將其置于句首時，句中的主謂作部分倒裝。如:Not a word did he say at the last meeting.在上次會議上他一句話都沒說。在上次會議上他一句話都沒說。 6、Hardlywhen，No soonerthan，Scarcelywhen, not onlybut also引導兩個分句時，將前一個分句中的主引導兩個分句時，將前一個分句中的主謂作部分倒裝，后一個分句中的主謂語序不變。如謂作部分倒裝，后一個分句中的主謂語序不變。如: Hardly had he beg

6、un to speak when his father stopped him.他剛開口發(fā)言就被父親制止了。他剛開口發(fā)言就被父親制止了。 No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.我剛剛離開家就下雨了。我剛剛離開家就下雨了。Hardly / Scarcely had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door awakened her.No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill. 但但 neither / notnor 引導兩個分句時，這兩

7、個分句中引導兩個分句時，這兩個分句中的主謂均要倒裝。如的主謂均要倒裝。如:Neither do I know her address，nor does he.我不知道她的地址，他也不知道我不知道她的地址，他也不知道.Not could the patient eat，nor could he drink.那個病人既不能吃，也不能喝。那個病人既不能吃，也不能喝。7、在、在“so+形容詞形容詞that分句分句”結構中，如將結構中，如將“so+形容形容詞詞”置于句首以示強調(diào)時，其后的系動詞置于句首以示強調(diào)時，其后的系動詞be則要移到主語則要移到主語前面，形成主謂的完全倒裝。如前面，形成主謂的完全倒裝

8、。如: So moved was she that she could not say a word. (She was so moved that she could not say a word.)她激動得一句話也說不出來。她激動得一句話也說不出來。 在在“so+副詞副詞that分句分句”結構中，如將結構中，如將“so+副詞副詞”置于句首以示強調(diào)時，其后的主謂作部分倒裝。如置于句首以示強調(diào)時，其后的主謂作部分倒裝。如: So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him. 他的聲音那么大，連

9、隔壁屋子里的他的聲音那么大，連隔壁屋子里的人都聽得見。人都聽得見。So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. 光速如此之快，我們很難想象。光速如此之快，我們很難想象。由于語法結構的需要使用倒裝的情況常見于下列句型由于語法結構的需要使用倒裝的情況常見于下列句型:1、“So + 助動詞助動詞 + 主語主語” 是一種常用于對前面所說的情是一種常用于對前面所說的情況作簡短回答的句型。如況作簡短回答的句型。如: I was late and so was she. 我遲到了，她也遲到了。我遲到了，

10、她也遲到了。 They love making lots of friends, so do those with disabilities. 他們喜歡廣交朋友，殘疾人也一樣。他們喜歡廣交朋友，殘疾人也一樣。 2、“Neither / Nor + 助動詞助動詞 + 主語主語” 是用于對前面所說是用于對前面所說的否定內(nèi)容表示同樣看法的句型。如：的否定內(nèi)容表示同樣看法的句型。如： She wont go. Neither / Nor will I.她不走，我也不。她不走，我也不。 I cannot swim. Neither can he (swim).我不會游泳，他我不會游泳，他也不會。也不會。

11、3、當、當if引導的虛擬條件從句中含有引導的虛擬條件從句中含有had，were或或should等等時，如將時，如將if省略，則要將省略，則要將had，were或或should等移到主語前，等移到主語前，作部分或完全倒裝。作部分或完全倒裝。 Had you come yesterday，you would have seen him. (If you had come yesterday, you would have seen him.) 若你昨天來，你就會見到他了。若你昨天來，你就會見到他了。4、表示存在的句型、表示存在的句型“There be + 主語主語”也屬于倒裝句之也屬于倒裝句之列。

12、如列。如: There are three chairs，a desk and a computer in the room. 1. _ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up2.So funny _that everyone burst into laughing. A. she looked B. was she looking C. did she look D. had she l

13、ooked3.Not once in these years _ the prices of these products. A. we changed B. have we changed C. did we change D. we have changed 4. “Why cant I smoke? “At no time _ in the meeting-room.” A. does smoking is permitted B. is smoking permitted C. smoking is permitted D. permits smoking5.In such a hur

14、ry _ his office that he forgot to lock the door. A. did he leave B. he left C. he had left D. has he left6.Only after _ reached eighteen _ join the army. A. have you ; you can B. have you ; can you C. you have ; you can D. you have ; can you 7.Nowhere else in the world _ more friendly people than in

15、 China. A. you will find B. can you be able to find C. you may have found D. can you find8.Not until 1998 _ back to his hometown. A. came he B. that he came C. did he come D. that he did come9.Hardly _ when it started raining. A. the game had begun B. the game began C. did the game begin D. had the

16、game begun 10.So little _ agree on the plan that they could not settle the differences. A. did they B. do they C. they did D. they did not11.Only after I read the text over again _ its main idea. A. that I knew B. did I know C. I could know D. I did know12.Little _ when I took the trip where it would lead me. A. have I known B. had I known C. do I know D. did I know13. _ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It