解讀新課標(biāo)下關(guān)于閱讀的教學(xué)

1、新課標(biāo)下如何有效開展閱讀教學(xué)新課標(biāo)下如何有效開展閱讀教學(xué) 關(guān)于閱讀教學(xué)的反思關(guān)于閱讀教學(xué)的反思北京教育學(xué)院石景山分院北京教育學(xué)院石景山分院陳陳 芳芳 張碩 20130470北京市蘋果園中學(xué)分校 外研版外研版新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語英語 初二下初二下Module 5 ProblemsUnit 2 If you tell him the truth, youll prove how honest you are. 指導(dǎo)思想與理論依據(jù) 教學(xué)背景分析 教學(xué)目標(biāo)及重難點(diǎn) 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn) 教學(xué)流程圖Module 5Problems英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 一、指導(dǎo)思想與理論依據(jù)教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析學(xué)生情況分析 以problems 為話

2、題，通過求助信呈現(xiàn)問題、回信提供建議；在閱讀過程中，體會(huì)“if”引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。 學(xué)生對(duì)本模塊話題比較感興趣，但對(duì)一些事物的是非判斷與處理還需要正確的引導(dǎo)。另外，對(duì)綜合運(yùn)用提建議的句式進(jìn)行表達(dá)還有待加強(qiáng)。 二、教學(xué)背景分析12通過閱讀獲取關(guān)于問題和建議的信息，并找到與建議對(duì)應(yīng)的原因； 綜合運(yùn)用提建議的句式，針對(duì)他人遇到的問題，口頭提出合理可行的建議；3能正確面對(duì)問題，并樂于幫助他人排憂解難。難點(diǎn) 三、教學(xué)目標(biāo)及重難點(diǎn)綜合運(yùn)用提建議的句式，針對(duì)他人遇到的問題，口頭提出合理可行的建議。通過閱讀獲取關(guān)于問題和建議的信息，并找到與建議對(duì)應(yīng)的原因。難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)通過情境創(chuàng)設(shè)和語言內(nèi)化，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考建議的可

3、行性。讀前預(yù)測(cè)讀中掃讀信息追問重點(diǎn)落實(shí)、難點(diǎn)突破四、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)1. 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)事實(shí)信息進(jìn)行追問的能力。2. 啟發(fā)學(xué)生思考如何面對(duì)問題和解決問題。透過文字表面進(jìn)行深層解讀發(fā)散思維思考建議的合理性 閱讀求助信活動(dòng)1 預(yù)測(cè)信息、獲取信息。活動(dòng)2 追問事實(shí)信息，引發(fā)學(xué)生思考。 （目標(biāo) 1）導(dǎo)入展示圖片，導(dǎo)入話題。語言輸出綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)提供建議的句式，為他人提供合理可行的建議。 （目標(biāo) 2）閱讀回信活動(dòng)1 快速閱讀，獲取建議的信息?；顒?dòng)2 深層閱讀，獲取信息背后的原因，感知if引導(dǎo)的條 件狀語從句的表意功能。 （目標(biāo) 1）語言內(nèi)化通過歸納總結(jié)Diana的建議，內(nèi)化文本信息；引導(dǎo)學(xué)生再現(xiàn)所學(xué)表達(dá)建議的功能

4、句，進(jìn)行口頭操練；并判斷建議的可行性。五、教學(xué)流程圖閱讀教學(xué)所取得的成績閱讀教學(xué)所取得的成績1.1.能夠關(guān)注閱讀教學(xué)的設(shè)計(jì)層次能夠關(guān)注閱讀教學(xué)的設(shè)計(jì)層次 ( (讀前，讀前，讀中，讀后讀中，讀后) )；2.2.閱讀教學(xué)中，能關(guān)注閱讀技能，主要是閱讀教學(xué)中，能關(guān)注閱讀技能，主要是學(xué)生獲取信息能力的培養(yǎng)；學(xué)生獲取信息能力的培養(yǎng)；3.3.開始關(guān)注對(duì)學(xué)生閱讀策略的培養(yǎng)。開始關(guān)注對(duì)學(xué)生閱讀策略的培養(yǎng)。 閱讀教學(xué)存在的主要問題閱讀教學(xué)存在的主要問題1. 1. 閱讀教學(xué)過程過于模式化和機(jī)械化，閱讀教學(xué)過程過于模式化和機(jī)械化，只關(guān)注結(jié)果而忽視閱讀體驗(yàn)過程；只關(guān)注結(jié)果而忽視閱讀體驗(yàn)過程； Ten Question

5、 Syndrome（十問題綜合癥）（十問題綜合癥） “Read the following passage and answer the ten questions that followed.”Im a teacher not a tester.2. 2. 過于強(qiáng)調(diào)技能的訓(xùn)練，忽略對(duì)文過于強(qiáng)調(diào)技能的訓(xùn)練，忽略對(duì)文 本的閱讀和理解。本的閱讀和理解。 DeskillDeskill3.3.對(duì)發(fā)展學(xué)生深層次思維關(guān)注不夠；閱讀對(duì)發(fā)展學(xué)生深層次思維關(guān)注不夠；閱讀停留在信息提取層面；停留在信息提取層面；4.4.語言學(xué)習(xí)脫離閱讀內(nèi)容和閱讀過程；語言學(xué)習(xí)脫離閱讀內(nèi)容和閱讀過程；5.5.急于要求學(xué)生進(jìn)行語言輸出

6、，不給學(xué)生急于要求學(xué)生進(jìn)行語言輸出，不給學(xué)生提供語言和信息內(nèi)化的時(shí)間和機(jī)會(huì)。提供語言和信息內(nèi)化的時(shí)間和機(jī)會(huì)。 Why do we read？1.1.樂于閱讀，基本養(yǎng)成閱讀樂于閱讀，基本養(yǎng)成閱讀興趣興趣和良和良好的閱讀好的閱讀習(xí)慣習(xí)慣；2.2.掌握概括大意、理解詞義、預(yù)測(cè)故掌握概括大意、理解詞義、預(yù)測(cè)故事情節(jié)等基本閱讀事情節(jié)等基本閱讀方法方法；3.3.基本掌握常用閱讀基本掌握常用閱讀策略策略，初步形，初步形成語感。成語感。課標(biāo)課標(biāo)2011年版年版閱讀技能包括哪些（閱讀技能包括哪些（11項(xiàng)）項(xiàng)）（1 1）略讀；）略讀；（2 2）掃讀、找讀、跳讀；）掃讀、找讀、跳讀；（3 3）預(yù)測(cè)；）預(yù)測(cè)；（4 4

7、）理解大意；）理解大意；（5 5）猜測(cè)詞義；）猜測(cè)詞義；（6 6）推斷；）推斷；（7 7）理解細(xì)節(jié)；）理解細(xì)節(jié)；（8 8）理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)；）理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)；（9 9）理解圖表信息；）理解圖表信息；（1010）理解指代；）理解指代；（1111）理解邏輯關(guān)系。）理解邏輯關(guān)系。 分清文章論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)；分清文章論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)； 理解作者意圖；理解作者意圖； 評(píng)價(jià)閱讀內(nèi)容評(píng)價(jià)閱讀內(nèi)容 What is reading ？Reading Reading is the process of constructing meaning through the dynamic interaction among the re

8、aders existing knowledge, the information suggested by the written language, and the context of the reading situation.(Anthony, Pearson, & Raphael, 1993) Reading is the process of constructing meaning -. 閱讀是閱讀是建構(gòu)意義建構(gòu)意義的過程的過程要有閱讀過程的體驗(yàn)，有信要有閱讀過程的體驗(yàn)，有信息的理解和內(nèi)化息的理解和內(nèi)化 - through the dynamic interaction

9、 -. 是能動(dòng)的交是能動(dòng)的交互過程互過程 - - among the readers existing knowledge, the information suggested by the written language, and the context of the reading situation. 是讀者已有知識(shí)是讀者已有知識(shí)+文本信息文本信息+閱讀情境之間的能動(dòng)交互閱讀情境之間的能動(dòng)交互Read the paragraph below and try to figure out what the paragraph is about.A newspaper is better t

10、han a magazine. A seashore is a better place than the street. At first it is better to run than to walk. You may have to try several times. It takes some skill, but its easy to learn. Even young children can enjoy it. Once successful, complications are minimal. Birds seldom get too close. Rain, howe

11、ver, soaks in very fast. Too many people doing the same thing can also cause problems. One needs a lot of room. If there are no complications, it can be very peaceful. A rock will serve as a anchor. If things break loose, however, you will not get a second chance.How to fly a kite How do we read？如何有

12、如何有效教學(xué)？效教學(xué)？ 美國老師和中國老師講灰姑娘美國老師和中國老師講灰姑娘 關(guān)注閱讀策略的培養(yǎng)和滲透關(guān)注閱讀策略的培養(yǎng)和滲透2有效設(shè)計(jì)課堂教學(xué)活動(dòng)有效設(shè)計(jì)課堂教學(xué)活動(dòng)3搭建常規(guī)教學(xué)與測(cè)試間的橋梁搭建常規(guī)教學(xué)與測(cè)試間的橋梁4培養(yǎng)和發(fā)展學(xué)生的閱讀素養(yǎng)培養(yǎng)和發(fā)展學(xué)生的閱讀素養(yǎng)1 1. 培養(yǎng)和發(fā)展學(xué)生的培養(yǎng)和發(fā)展學(xué)生的閱讀素養(yǎng)閱讀素養(yǎng) （1 1）閱讀素養(yǎng)的概念與提出）閱讀素養(yǎng)的概念與提出 提出：源于提出：源于PISAPISA國際測(cè)評(píng)項(xiàng)目國際測(cè)評(píng)項(xiàng)目Pisa stands for：Program forInternational Student Assessment學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)能力國際測(cè)評(píng)項(xiàng)目學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)能力

13、國際測(cè)評(píng)項(xiàng)目PISAPISA的評(píng)測(cè)內(nèi)容的評(píng)測(cè)內(nèi)容 科學(xué)素養(yǎng)科學(xué)素養(yǎng) 數(shù)學(xué)素養(yǎng)數(shù)學(xué)素養(yǎng) 閱讀素養(yǎng)閱讀素養(yǎng) 解決問題的能力解決問題的能力 該項(xiàng)目主要評(píng)估接近義務(wù)教育末期（該項(xiàng)目主要評(píng)估接近義務(wù)教育末期（1515歲）的學(xué)生應(yīng)歲）的學(xué)生應(yīng)用所學(xué)知識(shí)和技能完成他們?cè)诮窈笊钪行枰瓿傻娜斡盟鶎W(xué)知識(shí)和技能完成他們?cè)诮窈笊钪行枰瓿傻娜蝿?wù)和在社會(huì)中行使職責(zé)以及持續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)能力的情況。務(wù)和在社會(huì)中行使職責(zé)以及持續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)能力的情況。 第一次第一次PISAPISA評(píng)估評(píng)估20002000年舉行，此后每三年舉行一次。年舉行，此后每三年舉行一次。參與第一次評(píng)估的國家共有參與第一次評(píng)估的國家共有3232個(gè)，對(duì)每個(gè)參與國個(gè)，

14、對(duì)每個(gè)參與國45004500至至1000010000名中學(xué)生進(jìn)行隨機(jī)抽樣測(cè)試。名中學(xué)生進(jìn)行隨機(jī)抽樣測(cè)試。 20092009年實(shí)施的第四次國際學(xué)生評(píng)估項(xiàng)目（年實(shí)施的第四次國際學(xué)生評(píng)估項(xiàng)目（PISAPISA），此），此次調(diào)查對(duì)象為全球次調(diào)查對(duì)象為全球6565個(gè)國家和地區(qū)的約個(gè)國家和地區(qū)的約4747萬名萬名1515歲學(xué)生歲學(xué)生。首次參加。首次參加PISAPISA的的中國上海中國上海在閱讀素養(yǎng)、數(shù)學(xué)素養(yǎng)和科在閱讀素養(yǎng)、數(shù)學(xué)素養(yǎng)和科學(xué)素養(yǎng)三項(xiàng)評(píng)價(jià)中均排在第一位。學(xué)素養(yǎng)三項(xiàng)評(píng)價(jià)中均排在第一位。什么是閱讀素養(yǎng)什么是閱讀素養(yǎng)? ?Reading literacy is: The ability to unde

15、rstand, use and reflect on written texts in order to achieve ones goals, to develop ones knowledge and potential and to participate effectively in society.Reading literacy is: The ability to understand, use and reflect on written texts in order to achieve ones goals, to develop ones knowledge and po

16、tential and to participate effectively in society.讀者理解、運(yùn)用讀者理解、運(yùn)用和反思的能力和反思的能力Reading literacy is: The ability to understand, use and reflect on written texts in order to achieve ones goals, to develop ones knowledge and potential and to participate effectively in society.基于文本的閱讀基于文本的閱讀Reading literac

17、y is: The ability to understand, use and reflect on written texts in order to achieve ones goals, to develop ones knowledge and potential and to participate effectively in society.閱讀應(yīng)閱讀應(yīng)用用目的目的（3 3）評(píng)價(jià)閱讀素養(yǎng)的五個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評(píng)價(jià)閱讀素養(yǎng)的五個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Retrieving information（理解事實(shí)性信息）（理解事實(shí)性信息） Forming a board general understanding（理解

18、整（理解整體意義）體意義） Developing an interpretation（發(fā)展詮釋能力）（發(fā)展詮釋能力） Reflecting on and evaluating the content of a text,（反思與評(píng)價(jià)所讀內(nèi)容（反思與評(píng)價(jià)所讀內(nèi)容-理解深層含義）理解深層含義） and Reflecting on and evaluating the form of a text. （反思與評(píng)價(jià)文體與特征（反思與評(píng)價(jià)文體與特征）Yesterday I saw the palgish flester gollining begrunt the bruck. He seemed ver

19、y chanderbil, so I did not jorter him, just deapled to him quistly. Perhaps later he will besand cander, and I will be able to raengel to him. 閱讀理解問題的設(shè)計(jì)閱讀理解問題的設(shè)計(jì)1.What was the flester doing, and where?2.What sort of a flester was he?3.Why did the writer decide not to jorter him?4.How did she deaple?

20、5.What did she hope would happen later?Yesterday I saw the palgish flester gollining begrunt the bruck. He seemed very chanderbil, so I did not jorter him, just deapled to him quistly. Perhaps later he will besand cander, and I will be able to raengel to him. Yesterday I saw the new patient hurrying

21、 along the corridor. He seemed very upset, so I did not follow him, just called to him gently. Perhaps later he will feel better, and I will be able to talk to him. Yesterday I saw the new patient hurrying along the corridor. He seemed very upset, so I did not follow him, just called to him gently.

22、Perhaps later he will feel better, and I will be able to talk to him. 1.What is the problem described here?2.Is this event taking place indoors or outside?3.Did the writer try to get near the patient?4.What do you think she said when she called to him?5.What might the job of the writer be?6.Why do y

23、ou think she wants to talk to the patient?閱讀素養(yǎng)的關(guān)注點(diǎn)？閱讀素養(yǎng)的關(guān)注點(diǎn)？不同層次學(xué)生思維能力的培養(yǎng)不同層次學(xué)生思維能力的培養(yǎng)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生批判性閱讀的能力培養(yǎng)學(xué)生批判性閱讀的能力(DRTA) Directed Reading Thinking ActivityTo develop students ability to read critically and reflectively.這節(jié)課一共提出這節(jié)課一共提出8個(gè)問題：個(gè)問題： 1. What sport doesnt Damings mother like?2. Where does Tonys

24、sister like going?3. When does Linglings father watch the football on TV?4. Does Damings uncle like to read magazines about football? Why?5. Does Linglings father like a football ticket? Why?6. Do Bettys aunt and uncle like art? How do you know?7. Who do you think likes sports? Why?8. What presents

25、would you like to send to Linglings father?把以上把以上8個(gè)問題分為四個(gè)水平：識(shí)別（個(gè)問題分為四個(gè)水平：識(shí)別（identification）、分析）、分析（analysis）、評(píng)價(jià)（）、評(píng)價(jià)（evaluation）和運(yùn)用（）和運(yùn)用（application）。）。Items 1 to 3 are level 1 (identification)；Items 4 to 6 are not answered explicitly，so they are level 2(analysis)；Item 7 involves a judgment, so it i

26、s level 3 (evaluation)；Item 8 level 4 (application).Unit 2 The camel that I rodehad a bad temper.Module 7 Australia Items Shining pointsUluru and Aborigines Uluru is a rock that can_ colours.Aborigines who are the first people in Australia believe that the _ created the world.Lifestyle Their family

27、life _ ours.They love the _ that they make in the south of the country. Weather In December, its _ in Australia. Language Australians speak _ that is different from Standard English.“Good day!” means _ Event The camel _ I rode had_ and everyone thought it was funny. changeis similar towinesummerEngl

28、ish“Hello” a bad temperspiritsthatA: Can you tell me something about?B: Of course. 理解事實(shí)信理解事實(shí)信息的能力息的能力詮釋信息詮釋信息的能力的能力Items Shining pointsUluru and Aborigines Uluru is a rock that can_ colours.Aborigines who are the first people in Australia believe that the _ created the world.Lifestyle Their family l

29、ife _ ours.They love the _ that they make in the south of the country. Weather In December, its _ in Australia. Language Australians speak _ that is different from Standard English.“Good day!” means _ Event The camel _ I rode had_ and everyone thought it was funny. changeis similar towinesummerEngli

30、sh“Hello” a bad temperspiritsthatWhat are the spirits of the Aborigines?In your opinion, where does Tony probably come from? Why?Does he make a mistake?Can you guess the ending of the camel riding?Do you know more about the difference between Standard English and Australian English?反思和評(píng)價(jià)所讀內(nèi)容的能力反思和評(píng)價(jià)

31、所讀內(nèi)容的能力Q1We should respect the land and nature. We are closed to the land.Q4Australian EnglishAustralian EnglishMeaningMeaning G Gday!day! No worries. No worries. Ta. Ta. Bey. Bey. Beg yours? Beg yours? That Thats crap./Crap on s crap./Crap on dunnydunny / /looloo Hello!Hello!DonDont worry about it.

32、 Itt worry about it. Its s not a problem.not a problem.Thanks.Thanks.Goodbye.Goodbye.I beg your pardon?I beg your pardon?Nonsense!Nonsense! toilettoiletGuessing Game Read the information Discuss: what, who, how Show & Other groups guess (Evaluate-layout, voice, language in use) ExampleAttributiv

33、e clause拓展運(yùn)用語言的能拓展運(yùn)用語言的能力力閱讀應(yīng)用閱讀應(yīng)用America Famous placesThe Statue of Liberty, HawaiiLifestyle like to talk, like parties, not allowed to ask about moneyLanguageEnglishweatherlarge, so different in different partsIt is an English speaking country that is very large. 2. 關(guān)注閱讀策略的關(guān)注閱讀策略的培養(yǎng)和滲透培養(yǎng)和滲透常見的閱讀策略

34、主要包括：常見的閱讀策略主要包括： 略讀略讀 尋讀尋讀 預(yù)測(cè)閱讀內(nèi)容預(yù)測(cè)閱讀內(nèi)容 猜測(cè)詞義猜測(cè)詞義 （1）略讀（）略讀（skimming）running the eyes over quickly, to get the gist目的：目的：理解理解50%左右內(nèi)容；了解文左右內(nèi)容；了解文章結(jié)構(gòu)和形式；獲取文章大意章結(jié)構(gòu)和形式；獲取文章大意速度：速度：比一般性閱讀快一倍比一般性閱讀快一倍技巧：技巧：Step1: 閱讀標(biāo)題與副標(biāo)題閱讀標(biāo)題與副標(biāo)題Step2: 閱讀開篇段落及其他主要段落的閱讀開篇段落及其他主要段落的起始句起始句Step3: 閱讀結(jié)尾及總結(jié)段閱讀結(jié)尾及總結(jié)段（2）尋讀（）尋讀（sca

35、nning）looking for a particular piece of information目的：目的：查找具體信息查找具體信息 主題詞或關(guān)鍵詞主題詞或關(guān)鍵詞 標(biāo)題或圖表標(biāo)題或圖表 版式及印刷特點(diǎn)版式及印刷特點(diǎn)技巧：技巧：Step1: 了解組織結(jié)構(gòu)（如：按字母順序、了解組織結(jié)構(gòu)（如：按字母順序、時(shí)間順序或概念排序）時(shí)間順序或概念排序）Step2: 辨認(rèn)關(guān)鍵字詞和概念以迅速查找辨認(rèn)關(guān)鍵字詞和概念以迅速查找目標(biāo)信息目標(biāo)信息2nd paragraph2nd paragraphOur first winner is fifteen-year-old Li Wei. Li took photo

36、s of the mountains in Xiangshan Park. The park isnt far from his home, about 500 metres, and he knows it very well.12345678（3）預(yù)測(cè)（）預(yù)測(cè)（prediction）閱讀不是被動(dòng)地接受和理解信息的過閱讀不是被動(dòng)地接受和理解信息的過程，而是不斷地預(yù)測(cè)程，而是不斷地預(yù)測(cè)驗(yàn)證與修驗(yàn)證與修正正進(jìn)一步預(yù)測(cè)的過程。進(jìn)一步預(yù)測(cè)的過程。（程曉堂，（程曉堂，2002）Unit 2 The camel that I rodehad a bad temper.Module 7 Australia

37、案例案例1What may be in the letter? LifestyleLifestyle Event during the tripEvent during the trip ShoppingShopping Kangaroos Kangaroos Language Language Uluru and AboriginesUluru and Aborigines Weather Weather Sydney Opera HouseSydney Opera House（4）猜測(cè)生詞意思（）猜測(cè)生詞意思（Guessing meanings of new words） 通過詞根詞綴推測(cè)

38、生詞含義通過詞根詞綴推測(cè)生詞含義詞根：詞根：e.g. act（做）（做） active（積極的）（積極的）geo（地球的）（地球的） geography （地理）（地理）前綴：前綴：dis dislike, im-impossible后綴：后綴：gold golden, use-useful 通過上下文推測(cè)生詞含義通過上下文推測(cè)生詞含義1. Doctors and other scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way that they do, called psych

39、ologists, are starting to believe it. (09北京中考北京中考)同義詞 2. I asked the teacher to explain a confusing passage in the textbook. She said, “I wish I could, but its obscure to me, too.”3. As soon as I made a flippant remark to my boss, I regretted sounding so disrespectful. Please note that synonyms are

40、often signaled by words and phrases like be, mean, refer toTips! 反義詞1. Unlike her pesky sister, Joan is a lovely girl.反義詞反義詞 2. Many politicians do not give succinct answers. Instead, they prefer long ones that help them avoid the point. “succinct” means A. brief B. correct C. completeTips! Please n

41、ote that antonyms are often signaled by words and phrases like however, but, yet, on the other hand, in contrast例子 Nocturnal creatures, such as bats and owls, have highly developed senses that enable them to function in the dark. “nocturnal” means A. feathery B. living C. active at night Note that e

42、xamples are often introduced with signal words and phrases like for example, for instance, including, such asTips!（4）其他）其他Music category The best photo in the The best photo in the Music category was taken by He Music category was taken by He Zhong. His photo of this years Zhong. His photo of this y

43、ears best bandbest band Crazy Feet shows the Crazy Feet shows the singer, Becky Wang, and the band singer, Becky Wang, and the band playing at a concert in Shenzhen. playing at a concert in Shenzhen. He Zhong manages to show the He Zhong manages to show the movement and the sounds of this movement a

44、nd the sounds of this great new band and the fun which great new band and the fun which their fans are having.their fans are having. Nature: mountains, parkMusic: band, singer, concert, sound, fansWord Context: Word Context: Words that are closely related Words that are closely related Very likely t

45、o appear together Very likely to appear togethere.g. cold, snow, ice, white strict, love, knowledge winterteacherM-I-R-R-O-R-S for Teaching Reading StrategyM Model the strategyI Inform the students about when and how to use itR Remind them to use the strategyR Repeat the strategy with lots of practi

46、ceO Outline the strategys usefulness by giving feedback frequentlyR Reassess the students performance as a result of using the strategyS Stress strategy importance與幫助教師獲得技能相比，使教師與幫助教師獲得技能相比，使教師有思想性更為重要。有思想性更為重要。杜威 3. 有效設(shè)計(jì)課堂教有效設(shè)計(jì)課堂教學(xué)活動(dòng)學(xué)活動(dòng)* 準(zhǔn)備準(zhǔn)備前期活動(dòng)前期活動(dòng) (Pre-reading)* 中期活動(dòng)中期活動(dòng) (While-reading)* 后續(xù)后續(xù)后期活

47、動(dòng)后期活動(dòng) (Post-reading)1 1）明確目的；）明確目的；2 2）熟悉話題）熟悉話題; ;3 3）預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容）預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容; ;4 4）猜測(cè)詞匯；）猜測(cè)詞匯；5 5）激發(fā)興趣和欲望；）激發(fā)興趣和欲望；6 6）布置任務(wù)）布置任務(wù)閱讀前可設(shè)計(jì)哪些教學(xué)活動(dòng)？閱讀前可設(shè)計(jì)哪些教學(xué)活動(dòng)？A. Steve used his fathers computer to play a game.B. There was a virus on his fathers computer. C. Steve played a computer game on his fathers computer and it

48、 wasnt working. Which is Steves problem?Read it quickly.預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容，激發(fā)興趣預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容，激發(fā)興趣Bill Gates car Bill Gates living roomIts a race.Its a team race.Each team has four runners.The runners should use a stick.The runners should run and pass the stick on to the next one.What sport is it ?a relay race熟悉話題熟悉話題熟悉話題，

49、明確目的熟悉話題，明確目的1 1）認(rèn)讀、略讀、跳讀；）認(rèn)讀、略讀、跳讀；2 2）根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容畫圖、標(biāo)圖、連線、填表、排）根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容畫圖、標(biāo)圖、連線、填表、排序、補(bǔ)全信息；序、補(bǔ)全信息；3 3）為課文選擇或添加標(biāo)題；）為課文選擇或添加標(biāo)題；4 4）根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容制作圖表；）根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容制作圖表；6 6）判斷情況的真?zhèn)?；）判斷情況的真?zhèn)危? 7）邊讀邊通過推理，形成對(duì)整個(gè)故事發(fā)展的見解）邊讀邊通過推理，形成對(duì)整個(gè)故事發(fā)展的見解閱讀中可設(shè)計(jì)哪些教學(xué)活動(dòng)？閱讀中可設(shè)計(jì)哪些教學(xué)活動(dòng)？5 5）邊讀邊操作；）邊讀邊操作；Fast-reading. Match the paragraphs with the

50、headings.A.British AirwaysB.The Shaihai-Pudong ExpressC.The Greyhound BusD.The Star Ferry標(biāo)題匹配標(biāo)題匹配1. Its the fastest train in the world. It goes from Shanghai Station to Pudong Airport in eight minutes. The same journey takes about 30 minutes by car. The train is the fastest way to go, but its also t

51、he most expensive; with two passengers, its more expensive than a taxi.2. A taxi from Shanghai Station to Pudong Airport takes eight minutes.The train判斷真?zhèn)闻袛嗾鎮(zhèn)? 1）轉(zhuǎn)述所讀內(nèi)容；）轉(zhuǎn)述所讀內(nèi)容；2 2）根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容進(jìn)行角色扮演；）根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容進(jìn)行角色扮演；3 3）討論；）討論；4 4）續(xù)寫；）續(xù)寫；5 5）寫摘要）寫摘要閱讀后可設(shè)計(jì)哪些教學(xué)活動(dòng)？閱讀后可設(shè)計(jì)哪些教學(xué)活動(dòng)？復(fù)復(fù) 述述討論討論Could you help me? Im Li

52、u Xing. I like playing computer games. I dont like to do my homework. But my parents always tell me to keep studying all the time.Could you help me?Im Xia Xue. Im a good student, but Liu Xing always wants to copy my homework.What should I do? Im Xia Yu. Once I wanted to buy gifts for my friend, I to

53、ok things from home and sold them. My parents were very angry with me. Could you help me?Continue writing this short passage. The old woman came into the doctors room. She said “ Im sorry, Im very sorry. I dont know續(xù)續(xù) 寫寫 4. 搭建好常規(guī)教學(xué)搭建好常規(guī)教學(xué)與測(cè)試間的橋梁與測(cè)試間的橋梁（1 1）課標(biāo)課標(biāo)和和考試說明考試說明的要的要求是什么？求是什么？（2 2）教材是如何體現(xiàn)的？）

54、教材是如何體現(xiàn)的？（3 3）二者應(yīng)如何結(jié)合？）二者應(yīng)如何結(jié)合？ 首先，通讀各年級(jí)教材，輸理教材中所涉首先，通讀各年級(jí)教材，輸理教材中所涉及的閱讀技能及相關(guān)策略；及的閱讀技能及相關(guān)策略； 其次，輸理其次，輸理課標(biāo)課標(biāo)對(duì)各學(xué)段的要求；對(duì)各學(xué)段的要求； 最后，比較二者的差異。對(duì)教材不能滿足最后，比較二者的差異。對(duì)教材不能滿足的部分，通過課外閱讀的補(bǔ)充，使之達(dá)到的部分，通過課外閱讀的補(bǔ)充，使之達(dá)到課標(biāo)要求。課標(biāo)要求。 教材涉及的閱讀技能教材涉及的閱讀技能 課標(biāo)要求達(dá)到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)課標(biāo)要求達(dá)到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 1.1.代詞的指代；代詞的指代； 2.2.概括文章大意概括文章大意 3.3.選擇最佳標(biāo)題選擇最佳標(biāo)題 4.4.

55、能理解事件發(fā)能理解事件發(fā) 生的順序和人物生的順序和人物 行為；行為； 5.5.概括段落大意概括段落大意 6.6.能讀懂簡單的能讀懂簡單的 個(gè)人信件個(gè)人信件。1.1.能連貫、流暢地朗讀課文；能連貫、流暢地朗讀課文；2.2.能讀懂說明文等應(yīng)用文體的材料；能讀懂說明文等應(yīng)用文體的材料；3.3.能從簡單的文章中找出有關(guān)的信息，理解能從簡單的文章中找出有關(guān)的信息，理解大意；大意；4.4.能根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)生詞的意思；能根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)生詞的意思；5.5.能理解并解釋圖表提供的信息；能理解并解釋圖表提供的信息；6 6能理解簡易讀物中的事件發(fā)生順序和人能理解簡易讀物中的事件發(fā)生順序和人物行為；物行為；7 7能讀

56、懂簡單的個(gè)人信件；能讀懂簡單的個(gè)人信件；8 8能使用漢英詞典等工具書幫助閱讀理解能使用漢英詞典等工具書幫助閱讀理解9 9除教材外，課外閱讀量應(yīng)累計(jì)達(dá)到除教材外，課外閱讀量應(yīng)累計(jì)達(dá)到1010萬萬詞以上。詞以上。初二教材：閱讀初二教材：閱讀小結(jié)：小結(jié)：初二教材基本能滿足課標(biāo)的要求，無論是話初二教材基本能滿足課標(biāo)的要求，無論是話題還是文章的難易度和長度。但是，有兩項(xiàng)題還是文章的難易度和長度。但是，有兩項(xiàng)技能需要教師在教學(xué)中補(bǔ)充閱讀篇目，并增技能需要教師在教學(xué)中補(bǔ)充閱讀篇目，并增加相關(guān)的閱讀訓(xùn)練：加相關(guān)的閱讀訓(xùn)練： 能根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)生詞的意思；能根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)生詞的意思； 能理解并解釋圖表提供的信息；

57、能理解并解釋圖表提供的信息；教材冊(cè)數(shù)教材冊(cè)數(shù)模塊模塊閱讀練習(xí)形式閱讀練習(xí)形式閱讀檢測(cè)技能閱讀檢測(cè)技能 初三初三 年級(jí)年級(jí) （上）（上） 閱讀閱讀Module 1Choose the best answer1 1、辨認(rèn)具體事實(shí)的細(xì)節(jié)、辨認(rèn)具體事實(shí)的細(xì)節(jié)2 2、根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行推測(cè)、根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行推測(cè)Module 21.Read and complete the table.2. Answer the questions.1 1、摘錄提煉記錄信息、摘錄提煉記錄信息2 2、閱讀文章后得出結(jié)論（、閱讀文章后得出結(jié)論（結(jié)合自己的實(shí)際思考）結(jié)合自己的實(shí)際思考）Module 31. Complete the time line.2. Answer the questions.1 1、摘錄提煉記錄信息、摘錄提煉記錄信息2 2、閱讀文章后得出結(jié)論、閱讀文章后得出結(jié)論Module 41. Complete the time line.2. Answer the questions.1 1、摘錄提煉記錄信息、摘錄提煉記錄信息2 2、閱讀文章后得出結(jié)論、閱讀文章后得出結(jié)論Module 51. Complete the table.2. Read and decide what the underlined words refer to.3. Answer the question