高中英語(yǔ)模塊五非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分詞精講牛津版必修

1、高中英語(yǔ)模塊五非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分詞精講牛津版必修Grammar and usage Revision翻譯下列句子。翻譯下列句子。（1） 要學(xué)好一門(mén)外語(yǔ)是不容易的。要學(xué)好一門(mén)外語(yǔ)是不容易的。（2）我們拒絕他們的邀請(qǐng)會(huì)顯得無(wú)禮。）我們拒絕他們的邀請(qǐng)會(huì)顯得無(wú)禮。（3）和他爭(zhēng)論這件事是沒(méi)有用的。）和他爭(zhēng)論這件事是沒(méi)有用的。（4）據(jù)說(shuō)）據(jù)說(shuō)Robert過(guò)去曾在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)，但我不知道是過(guò)去曾在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)，但我不知道是在哪個(gè)國(guó)家。在哪個(gè)國(guó)家。（5）母親輕輕地走了進(jìn)來(lái)，以免驚醒熟睡的兒子。）母親輕輕地走了進(jìn)來(lái)，以免驚醒熟睡的兒子。（6）我叫小李給你修收音機(jī)。）我叫小李給你修收音機(jī)。（7）這個(gè)孩子需要照顧。）這個(gè)孩子

2、需要照顧。（8） Tom遲到了使老師很生氣。遲到了使老師很生氣。 (1)Its not easy to learn a foreign language well.(2)It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.(3)It is no use arguing with him about it. (4)Robert is said to have studied abroad, but I dont know which country he studied in.(5)Mother came in quietly so as not

3、to wake up the sleeping boy. (6)Ill have Xiao Li repair the radio for you.(7) The child needs looking after/ to be looked after.(8)Toms being late made the teacher angry.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞不定式不定式動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞分分 詞詞-ing -ing 形式形式動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)不不定定式式動(dòng)動(dòng)名名詞詞分分詞

4、詞主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) 分分 詞詞 過(guò)去分詞只有一種形式過(guò)去分詞只有一種形式: 現(xiàn)在分詞：現(xiàn)在分詞：done1.分詞作表語(yǔ)分詞作表語(yǔ) surprising, surprised The result was _ . They were _ at the news. satisfied, satisfying He appeared _ with my answer. The answer was _. surprisingsurprisedsatisfiedsatisfying總結(jié)總結(jié)：現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)

5、現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ):一般表示主動(dòng)或主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)和特征一般表示主動(dòng)或主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)和特征, “令人令人”的意思的意思, 主語(yǔ)多數(shù)情況是主語(yǔ)多數(shù)情況是sth. 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ): 一般表示被動(dòng)或說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)情感心理一般表示被動(dòng)或說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)情感心理上的感受上的感受, “感到感到的的”,主語(yǔ)多數(shù)情況是主語(yǔ)多數(shù)情況是eresting使人感興趣的使人感興趣的interested感興趣的感興趣的exciting令人激動(dòng)的令人激動(dòng)的 excited感到激動(dòng)的感到激動(dòng)的delighting令人高興的令人高興的 delighted感到高興的感到高興的disappointing令人失望的令人失望的disap

6、pointed感到失望的感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的令人鼓舞的encouraged感到鼓舞的感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快的感到愉快的puzzling令人費(fèi)解的令人費(fèi)解的 puzzled感到費(fèi)解的感到費(fèi)解的satisfying令人滿意的令人滿意的 satisfied感到滿意的感到滿意的surprising令人驚異的令人驚異的 surprised感到驚異的感到驚異的worrying令人擔(dān)心的令人擔(dān)心的 worried感到擔(dān)心的感到擔(dān)心的2.分詞作定語(yǔ)分詞作定語(yǔ)單單個(gè)分詞作定語(yǔ)個(gè)分詞作定語(yǔ) boiling water boiled water

7、developing country developed country falling leaves fallen leaves rising sun risen sun 現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作; 過(guò)去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。過(guò)去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作?？偨Y(jié)總結(jié)：B. 表示情感心理的分詞作定語(yǔ)表示情感心理的分詞作定語(yǔ)exciting, excited He told us the _ news. The _ pupils jumped with joy.He had a _(terrify) look in his eyes. The boy answered

8、in a _(frighten) voice. 過(guò)去分詞除修飾過(guò)去分詞除修飾sb.以外以外,還可修飾表示神態(tài)、還可修飾表示神態(tài)、聲音等的名詞聲音等的名詞, 說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的心理狀態(tài)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的心理狀態(tài)。excitedexcitingterrifiedfrightened總結(jié)總結(jié)：C. 分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ) Tell the children _(play) not to make so much noise. Did you see the man _(talk) ? I used to live in a room _(face)south. The house _(stand) was b

9、uilt in 1955.talking=who was talking=who are playing therefacing= which faced= that stands總結(jié)總結(jié)：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ):a.表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 b.表示表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或現(xiàn)在/當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。 Is this the book _(recommend)? The meeting _(hold) is very important. I hate to see letters . 總結(jié)總結(jié)：過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)：表示被動(dòng)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)：表示被動(dòng)如果所表示的動(dòng)作

10、此刻正在發(fā)生，用如果所表示的動(dòng)作此刻正在發(fā)生，用來(lái)表示，如：來(lái)表示，如： The meeting _(hold)now is very important. We must keep a secret of the things _.如果所表示的是一個(gè)未來(lái)的動(dòng)作，用如果所表示的是一個(gè)未來(lái)的動(dòng)作，用來(lái)表示，如：來(lái)表示，如： The meeting _(hold) is very important. Please tell me the subjects _(discuss).3.作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ))補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)： His lecture got us_ (think). He got h

11、is bike _ (repair) just now. He watched the bed _ (carry) out of the door. He felt a great weight _ (take ) off his mind. 他感到心頭如釋重負(fù)。他感到心頭如釋重負(fù)。 How would you like your hair _ (cut)? He is very popular among the students as he always tries to make them _ (interest)in his lectures. The other day, I had

12、 my pocket _(pick) on the bus. I am sorry to have kept you _(wait) for so long a time.thinkingrepairedcarriedtakencutinterestedpickedwaiting have sb doing sth get sb/sth doing sth have/get sth done have sth done make oneself heard/understood leave sth undone使使.一直做一直做使使.開(kāi)始行動(dòng)開(kāi)始行動(dòng)使使.被做被做使使.遭受遭受使自己被聽(tīng)到使自

13、己被聽(tīng)到/被理解被理解留下留下.未做未做總結(jié)總結(jié)：現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，與賓語(yǔ)存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，與賓語(yǔ)存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系；過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，與賓語(yǔ)存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，與賓語(yǔ)存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。4.分詞作狀語(yǔ)分詞作狀語(yǔ)形式形式意義意義doinghaving donedonebeing donehaving been done主動(dòng)，與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)或基本主動(dòng)，與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)或基本同時(shí)發(fā)生同時(shí)發(fā)生主動(dòng)，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生主動(dòng)，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生被動(dòng)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行，一般作原因狀語(yǔ)放被動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行，一般作原因狀語(yǔ)放句首句首被動(dòng)，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生被動(dòng)，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)

14、生A.作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：When they heard the bad news，they couldnt help crying. = _ (hear) the bad news, they couldnt help crying. When we were taken around the city, we were deeply impressed by the citys new look. When _ around the city, we were deeply impressed by the citys new look. When he finished his wo

15、rk, he went home. _ his work, he went home. Hearing taken Having finishedB.作原因狀語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)： Because he was poor, he could not afford to travel abroad.=_ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad. _ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder. _ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a post.

16、_ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away. _ (not know) her address, we couldnt get in touch with her. Being poorEncouragedLostFrightenedNot knowingBecause I hadn t received his letter, I decided to call him up.=_ (not receive) his letter, I decided to call him up._ (never be) to

17、 the city, he soon got lost.Not having receivedHaving never beenC.方式方式/伴隨狀語(yǔ)伴隨狀語(yǔ):She watched the film, _ (weep ) and _ (sigh). The teacher stood there, _ (surround) by a lot of students. D.作條件狀語(yǔ)作條件狀語(yǔ)：If I were given another chance, I would have done the job far better. = _ another chance, I would hav

18、e done the job far better. (If) _ (play) all day, you will waste your valuable time. weepingsighingsurroundedGivenPlayingE.作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：(意料中的結(jié)果意料中的結(jié)果) The hunters fired, _(shoot) one of the wolves. The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _ (cause) the delay. 區(qū)別區(qū)別: 不定式表示意外的結(jié)果不定式表示意外的結(jié)果 He hurried t

19、o the station, only _ (find) the train had left. F.作讓步狀語(yǔ)作讓步狀語(yǔ)： Though it heavily rained heavily, it cleared up very soon. = _, it cleared up very soon. Though _ (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy. shootingcausingto findRaining heavilytold分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí), 需注意需注意: A.分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)分詞

20、短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),它的邏輯主語(yǔ)通常應(yīng)是它的邏輯主語(yǔ)通常應(yīng)是_ _ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful._ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city. B.分詞短語(yǔ)的位置分詞短語(yǔ)的位置: 一般來(lái)說(shuō)一般來(lái)說(shuō),時(shí)間時(shí)間,原因原因,條件條件,讓步等分詞短語(yǔ)多放在句首讓步等分詞短語(yǔ)多放在句首;而表結(jié)果而表結(jié)果,伴隨的分詞短語(yǔ)放在句尾伴隨的分詞短語(yǔ)放在句尾. Finding the door locked, Tom went home. ( _ ) Tom went home, finding the do

21、or locked. （_） 主句的主語(yǔ)主句的主語(yǔ)SeenSeeing原因原因結(jié)果結(jié)果C1._ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. _ to sunlight for too much time, your skin will be harmed. A. ExposedB. Having exposed C. Being exposedD. After being exposed2. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having sufferedB. Suffering C. To suffer D. SufferedAATest yourself3. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. beg