fob貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋中英文

1、FOB貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋中英文FREEONBOARD(.namedportofshipment)FreeonBoardmeansthatthesellerdeliverswhenthegoodspasstheshipsrailatthenamedportofshipment.Thismeansthatthebuyerhastobearallcostsandrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsfromthatpoint.TheFOBtermrequiresthesellertoclearthegoodsforexport.Thistermcanbeusedonlyforsea

2、orinlandwaterwaytransport.Ifthepartiesdonotintendtodeliverthegoodsacrosstheshipsrail,theFCAtermshouldheused.ATHESELLERSOBLIGATIONSBTHEBUYERSOBLIGATIONSA1ProvisionofgoodsinconformitywiththecontractThesellermustprovidethegoodsandthecommercialinvoice,oritsequivalentelectronicmessage,inconformitywiththe

3、contractofsaleandanyotherevidenceofconformitywinchmayberequiredbythecontract.B1PaymentofthepriceThebuyermustpaythepriceasprovidedinthecontractofsale.A2Licences,authorisationsandformalitiesThesellermustobtainathisownriskandexpenseanyexportlicenceorotherofficialauthorisationandcarryout,whereapplicable

4、1,allcustomsformalitiesnecessaryfortheexportofthegoods.B2Licences,authorisationsandformalitiesThebuyermustobtainathisownriskandexpenseanyimportlicenceorotherofficialauthorisationandcarryout,whereapplicable2,allcustomsformalitiesfortheimportofthegoodsand,wherenecessary,fortheirtransitthroughanycountr

5、y.A3ContractsofcarriageandinsuranceContractofcarriageNoobligation3ContractofinsuranceNoobligation4.B3Contractofcarriageandinsurancea)ContractofcarriageThebuyermustcontractathisownexpenseforthecarriageofthegoodsfromthenamedportofshipment.b)ContractofinsuranceNoobligation.5A4DeliveryThesellermustdeliv

6、erthegoodsonthedateorwithintheagreedperiodatthenamedportofshipmentandinthemannercustomaryattheportonboardthevesselnominatedbythebuyer.B4TakingdeliveryThebuyermusttakedeliveryofthegoodswhentheyhavebeendeliveredinaccordancewithA4.A5TransferofrisksThesellermust,subjecttotheprovisionsofB5,bearallrisksof

7、lossofordamagetothegoodsuntilsuchtimeastheyhavepassedtheshipsrailatthenamedportofshipment.B5TransferofrisksThebuyermustbearallrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsfromthetimetheyhavepassedtheshipsrailatthenamedportofshipment;andfrorntheagreeddateortheexpirydateoftheagreedperiodfordeliverywhicharisebecause

8、hefailstogivenoticeinaccordancewithB7,orbecausethevesselnominatedbyhimflailstoarriveontime,orisunabletotakethegoods,orclosesforcargoearlierthanthetimenotifiedinaccordancewithB7,provided,however,thatthegoodshavebeendulyappropriatedtothecontract,thatistosay,clearlysetasideorotherwiseidentifiedasthecon

9、tractgoods.A6DivisionofcostsThesellermust,subjecttotheprovisionsofB6,payallcostsrelatingtothegoodsuntilsuchtimeastheyhavepassedtheshipsrailatthenamedportofshipment;andWhereapplicable6,thecostsofcustomsformalitiesnecessaryforexportaswellasallduties,taxesandotherchargespayableuponexport.B6Divisionofco

10、stsThebuyermustpayallcostsrelatingtothegoodsfromthetimetheyhavepassedtheshipsrailatthenamedportofshipment;andanyadditionalcostsincurred,eitherbecausethevesselnominatedbyhimfailstoarriveontime,orisunabletotakethegoods,orclosesforcargoearlierthanthetimenotifiedinaccordancewithB7,orbecausethebuyerhasfa

11、iledtogiveappropriatenoticeinaccordancewithB7,provided,however,thatthegoodshavebeendulyappropriatedtothecontract,thatistosay,clearlysetasideorotherwiseidentifiedasthecontractgoods;andwhereapplicable7,allduties,taxesandotherchargesaswellasthecostsofcarryingoutcustomsformalitiespayableuponimportoftheg

12、oodsandfortheirtransitthroughanycountry.A7NoticetothebuyerThesellermustgivethebuyersufficientnoticethatthegoodshavebeendeliveredinaccordancewithA4.B7NoticetothebuyerThebuyermustgivethesellersufficientnoticeofthevesselname,loadingpointandrequireddeliverytime.A8Proofofdelivery,transportdocumentorequiv

13、alentelectronicmessageThesellermustprovidethebuyeratthesellersexpensewiththeusualproofofdeliveryinaccordancewithA4.Unlessthedocumentreferredtointheprecedingparagraphisthetransportdocument,thesellermustrenderthebuyer,atthelattersrequest,riskandexpense,everyassistanceinobtainingatransportdocumentforth

14、econtractofcarriage(forexample,anegotiablebilloflading,anon-negotiableseawaybill,aninlandwaterwaydocument,oramultimodaltransportdocument).Wherethesellerandthebuyerhaveagreedtocommunicateelectronically,thedocumentreferredtointheprecedingparagraphmaybereplacedbyanequivalentelectronicdatainterchange(ED

15、I)message.Proofofdelivery,transportdocumentorequivalentelectronicmessageThebuyermustaccepttheproofofdeliveryinaccordancewithA8.A9Checking-packaging-markingThesellermustpaythecostsofthosecheckingoperations(suchascheckingquality,measuring,weighing,counting)whicharenecessaryforthepurposeofdeliveringthe

16、goodsinaccordancewithA4.Thesellermustprovideathisownexpensepackaging(unlessitisusualfortheparticulartradetoshipthegoodsofthecontractdescriptionunpacked)whichisrequiredforthetransportofthegoods,totheextentthatthecircumstancesrelatingtothetransport(forexamplemodalities,destination)aremadeknowntothesel

17、lerbeforethecontractofsaleisconcluded.Packagingistobemarkedappropriately.B9InspectionofgoodsThebuyermustpaythecostsofanypre-shipmentinspectionexceptwhensuchinspectionismandatedbytheauthoritiesofthecountryofexport.A10OtberobligationsThesellermustrenderthebuyeratthelattersrequest,riskandexpense,everya

18、ssistanceinobtaininganydocumentsorequivalentelectronicmessages(otherthanthosementionedinA8)issuedortransmittedmthecountryofshipmentand/oroforiginwhichthebuyermayrequirefortheimportofthegoodsand,wherenecessary,fortheirtransitthroughanycountry.Thesellermustprovidethebuyer,uponrequest,withthenecessaryi

19、nformationforprocuringinsurance.B10OtherobligationThebuyermustpayallcostsandchargesincurredinobtainingthedocumentsorequivalentelectronicmessagesmentionedinA10andreimbursethoseincurredbythesellerinrenderinghisassistanceinaccordancetherewith.RefertoIntroductionParagraph14RefertoIntroductionParagraph14

20、RefertoIntroductionParagraph10RefertoIntroductionParagraph10RefertoIntroductionParagraph10RefertoIntroductionParagraph14RefertoIntroductionParagraph14一、對FOB術(shù)語的解釋FREEONBOARD(.namedportofshipment),即裝運港船上交貨指定裝運港。此術(shù)語是指賣方在約定的裝運港將貨物交到買方指定的船上。按照？2000年通那么獺定，此術(shù)語只能適用于海運和內(nèi)河航運。但是，如合同當事人不采用越過船舷交貨，那么采用FCA術(shù)語更為適宜。(

21、一)買賣雙方根本義務(wù)的劃分按國際商會對FOB的解釋，買賣雙方各自承當?shù)母玖x務(wù)。概括起來，可作如下劃分：賣方義務(wù)(1逐合同規(guī)定的時間或期限內(nèi)，在裝運港，按照習(xí)慣方式將貨物交到買方指派的船上，并及時通知買方。(2) 自負風(fēng)險和費用，取得出口許可證或其他官方批準證件。在需要辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)時，辦理貨物出口所需的一切海關(guān)手續(xù)。負擔(dān)貨物在裝運港越過船舷為止的一切費用和風(fēng)險；自付費用提供證明貨物已交至船上的通常單據(jù)。如果買賣雙方約定采用電子通訊，那么所有單據(jù)均可被具有同等效力的電子數(shù)據(jù)交換(EDI)信息所代替。(1) 買方義務(wù)自負風(fēng)險和費用取得進口許可證或其他官方批準的證件。在需要辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)時，辦理貨物進

22、口以及經(jīng)由他國過境的一切海關(guān)手續(xù)，并支付有關(guān)費用及過境費；負責(zé)租船或訂艙，支付運費，并給予賣方關(guān)于船名、裝船地點和要求交貨時間的充分的通知；負擔(dān)貨物在裝運港越過船舷后的一切費用和風(fēng)險；承受賣方提供的有關(guān)單據(jù)，受領(lǐng)貨物，并按合同規(guī)定支付貨款。(二)?1941年美國對外貿(mào)易定義修訂本的FOB的解釋?1941年美國對外貿(mào)易定義修訂本的FOB的解釋分為六種，其中只有：指定裝運港船上交貨(FOBVessel,namedportofshipment)與？2000年通那么/寸FOB術(shù)語的解釋相近。所以，？1941年美國對外貿(mào)易定義修訂本的FOB的解釋與運用，同國際上的一般解釋與運用有明顯的差異，這主要表現(xiàn)在以下幾方面：1.美國慣例把FOB籠統(tǒng)地解釋為在某處某種運輸工具上交貨，其適用范圍很廣，因此，在同美國、加拿大等國的商人按FOB訂立合同時，除必須標明裝運港名稱外，還必須在FOB后加上船舶(Vessel序樣。如果只訂為FOSanFrancisco而漏寫Vessel,那窒樣賣方只負責(zé)把貨物運到舊金山城內(nèi)的任何處所，不負責(zé)把貨物運到舊金山港口并交到船上。2. 在風(fēng)險劃分上，不是以裝運港船舷為界，而是以船艙為界