現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(整理版)

1、一. 1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。說(shuō)話人強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果或影響。I ' m sure we ' ve met befOre.定我們以前見(jiàn)過(guò)面。2表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，往往和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，女口rece ntly, already, just, lately, forsince ,ye等。如：I haven ' t heard from her these da這些日子我沒(méi)有收到她的信。3) have been to 禾口 have gone to的區(qū)另U二. 英語(yǔ)的行為動(dòng)詞有

2、持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和瞬間性動(dòng)詞之分，使用中應(yīng)注意兩者的區(qū)別。1. 持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞:表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作可以持續(xù)一段時(shí)間或更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。常見(jiàn)的 study, play, do, read, learn, speak, talk, , sit, stand, keep等。2. 瞬間性動(dòng)詞:表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在一瞬間，非常短暫。亦稱(chēng)終止性動(dòng)詞。常見(jiàn)的-begin, start, finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach,get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend,happe

3、n, join, I ose, re new, die,等3瞬間性動(dòng)詞在完成時(shí)中如要與表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，通常用意思相當(dāng)?shù)某掷m(xù)性動(dòng)詞來(lái)替換He has been in the army/a soldier for three years.他參軍已有 3 年了。不用 has joinedShe has bee n up for quite some time.她起床已有好久了。不用 hasgot upHas your brother bee n away from home for a long time?離家已有好久了嗎？不用has left常用瞬間動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞關(guān)系：1、go b

4、e away 2、come be here 3、come back be back 4、leave be away be not here5、buy have 6、borrow keep7、diebe dead8、beginbe on9、finish be over10、openbe ope n11、closebe closed12、losebe lost13、get toknow know14、turnon beon 15、get upbeup 16、sit dow n sit/beseated 17、joinbe in 或 bea member 18、become be4. 瞬間動(dòng)詞的否認(rèn)

5、形式可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用例如：I haven ' t seen you for a long time.好久沒(méi)見(jiàn)到你了。區(qū)別下面三組詞廣Have been to表示去過(guò)某地方，不過(guò)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)J Have gone to 表示去了，還未回來(lái)Have been in 表示一直在某個(gè)地方五現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果確實(shí)和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。 動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去的事實(shí)， 不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。I have just bee n to London. I went there last mon

6、th. 我剛?cè)ミ^(guò)倫敦，是上個(gè)月去 的。1. 過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純表達(dá)過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完 成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。2. 過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連 用，或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的練習(xí)一 一、單項(xiàng)選擇1、A.2、Both his pare nts look sai. Maybe theywhatknew B . have known C . must know's happened to him . D. will knowHe has been to Shanghai, has he?A.a

7、lreadyB . neverC . everD. still3、Have you met Mr.Li?A.justB. agoC .beforeD .a moment ago4、The famous writerone new book in the past two yearA.is writi ngB .was writingC .wroteD .has written5、Our countrya lot so far .Yes. I hope it willbe evenA.has changed ; wellB . changed; goodC .has changed ; bett

8、erD. cha nged; better6、Zhao Lanalreadyin this school for two years.A.was; study ingB . will; studyC .has; studiedD. are; study ing7、WeXiao Li since she was alittle girl .A.knowB.had knownC . have knownD. knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. Iit twice .A.will seeBhave seenC. sawD .see9、These farme

9、rs have bee n to the Un ited StatesReally? Whenthere?A.will they goB . did they goC .do they goD. have they gone10、youyour homework yet ?Yes. Iit a moment ago.A.Did; do; finishedB . Have; done; finishedC .Have; done; have fini shedD. will; do; finish11、His fatherthe Party since1978 .A.joinedBhas joi

10、nedC . was inD.has bee n i12、Do you know him well ?Sure .Wefriends :since ten years ago .A.wereB.have bee nC . have become D.have mad13、How long haveyouhere ?About twomon ths.A.bee nBgoneC . comeD.ArrivedBega nD.in1ten minu tes. has bee n on14、Hurry up! The play A.forhas begun B . had begunC .It ten

11、 years since he left the army .isB. hasC. will15、A.D. Was16、 Miss Green isn't in the office. sheto the library.A. has goneB. wentC .will goD. has been17、 My parents Shandong for ten years.A. have been inB . have been toC . have gone toD. have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom,?A. so

12、 theyB. don' theyC. have they D. haven' they19has Mr White been a member of Greener China since heto China?A.How soon, comesB.Howoften, gotC.How long, cameD.Howfar, arrived20、 His unclefor more than 9 years.A.has come hereB.hasstarted to workC.has lived thereD.hasleft the university二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1、

13、He has never surfed,?改成反意疑問(wèn)句2、They have been here since 2000.(對(duì)劃線局部提問(wèn))have they bee n here?3、The old manlast year. He for a year. (die)動(dòng)詞填空4、This factory opened twenty years ago.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)This factoryfor twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Miss Gaoan hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party me

14、mber for three yearsC.同義句Her motherthe Party three years.7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)two yearsthe Gree n family moved to Fran ce.8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago扌把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè) 句子)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)二I. Fill in the bla nks with the proper form.I. 1already(see) the fi

15、lm. I(see) it last week.2. he(fin ish) his work today? Not yet.3. My fatherjust(come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Where ' s Li Ming ? He(go) to the teacher' s office.5. I(work) here since I(move) here in 1999.6. So far I(make) quite a few frie nds here.7. How longthe Wangs(stay) here

16、? For two weeks.8. Ijust(fin ish) my homework.9. He(go) to school on foot every day.10. you(find) your scie nee book yet?II. If it(be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.12. The stude nts(read) En glish whe n the teacher came in.13. Look! The mon key(climb) the tree.14. My mother(come) to see me n

17、ext Sun day.15. I've lost my pen.you(see) it any where?II. Choose the best an swer.1. How long have youhere?A. comeB. gotC. arrivedD. bee n2. My gran dpa died.A. at the age of my 2B. for 2 yearsC. whe n I was 2.D. my age was 6.3. Jane hasto BeiJi ng. She will come back tomorrow.A. bee nB. goneC.

18、 wentD. n ever bee n4. It is ten yearsI last saw her.A. afterB. si neeC. forD. that5.-Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?-I will. Iher several times.A. metB. have metC. had metD.will meet6.-What a nice dress! How longyouit?-Just 2 weeks.A. will, buyB. did, buyC.are, hav ingD.have, had7.-Do you

19、 know Lydia very well?-Yes, She and Ifrie nds since we were very young.A. have madeB. have becomeC. have bee nD. have tur ned8.The Smithsin China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have bee nD.live9.-Hello, this is Mr.Green speaking. Can 1 speak to Mr. Black?-Sorry. Hethe Bainiao Park.A. has bee n t

20、oB. has gone toC. went toD.will go to10.-you everto the US?-Yes, twice.A. Have, goneB. Have, bee nC, Do, goD.were, goingIII. Rewrite the senten ces.1. I have been to Macau before.改為否認(rèn)句Ibee n to Macau before.2. He hasnt come to schoofeuse he was ill.就劃線局部提問(wèn)he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just

21、 now. 用 just 改寫(xiě)Ijusta new bike.4. We began to learn English three years ago改為同義句WeEn glishthree years5. He has never surfed,?改成反意疑問(wèn)句6. They have bee n here si nee 2000.對(duì)劃線局部提問(wèn) have they bee n here?7. The old manlast year. He hasfor a year. die動(dòng)詞填空8. Miss Gao left an hour ago.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Miss Gao hasan hour

22、 ago.IV . Ask the questions1) I have bee n there for two days.you?2) My father has lived here since 2000.your father?3) He left here yesterday.he?4) They bought a book two hours ago.theya book?V . Use “never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since to fill in the blanks.1.1 havesee n him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack hasfini shed his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this schoolten years.4. “ Have youseen fiiro? “ No, I haveseen it. 5. “ Has the bus left?“ Yes, it hasleft.六、用 have / has been to /in, have gone t