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1、.育才分流英語語法詞法精品輔導4狀語從句、簡單句、習慣用法、交際用語狀語從句【要點點撥】近幾年高考對狀語從句的考查主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面:【考點1】when,while與as的用法均可表示"當?shù)臅r候",但有區(qū)別:when:既可接表示動作性或短暫性的動詞,也可接表示狀態(tài)的動詞,不強調(diào)主從句謂語動作同時發(fā)生。有時還有"這時"的意思。while:常接持續(xù)性的動詞,強調(diào)主從句謂語動作同時發(fā)生,常用進行時。有時還有對比意義,意為"然而"。as:強調(diào)同時發(fā)生或伴隨進行。常用一般現(xiàn)在時或過去時,意為"一邊一邊"。有時還有&quo

2、t;隨著"含義。I do every single bit of housework _my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.A.since B.while C.when D.as【考點2】"一就"幾種表達法once,as soon as,the moment/minute,immediately/directly/instantly引導的從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時或過去時。hardly/scarcelywhen和no soonerthan結構中,前句常用過去完成式(常用部分倒裝形式),后句用過去式。On doi

3、ng sth.,each/every/the first/the last+time后也可直接接從句,一起作時間狀語。-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?-Yes.I gave it to her _I saw her.A.while B.the moment C.suddenly D.once【考點3】because,as,since與for的用法比較because:表示直接的原因或理由。用于回答Why的問題。because與so不能同時并列使用。since:表示對方已知的,無須加以說明的既成事實的理由。譯為"

4、既然"。as:表示十分明顯的原因,一般說明因果關系。for:常出現(xiàn)在并列句中,不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因,只提供一些補充說明,且不可位于句首。_ you are leaving tomorrow,we can eat dinner together tonight.A.For B.Since C.When D.while【考點4】no matter后可接who,whom,whose,which,what,when,where,how,whether引導的讓步主語從句可用whoever,whomever,whenever,whichever,whatever,wherever,how

5、ever替換,但在ever引導其它從句時不可用no matter引導。_,I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.A.However the study is amusing B.No matter amusing the story is C.However amusing the story is D.No matter how the story is amusing【考點5】until/till的用法It was _back home after the experiment.A.not until

6、 midnight did he go B.until midnight that he didn't go C.not until midnight that he went D.until midnight when he didn't go-Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?-Yes.He had never praised him _he became one of the top students in the grade.A.after B.unless C.until D.when【

7、考點6】引導讓步主語從句應注意等幾個問題1.由although/though,even if/though引導注意although/though引導從句時,主句不能用but,但可用yet或still。2.由whetheror(not)引導3.由though或as引導的倒裝句中。4.though用作副詞,可位于句末,并用逗號分開。-Dad,I've finished my assignment.-Good,and _you play or watch TV,you mustn't disturb me.A.whenever B.whether C.whatever D.no ma

8、tter【考點7】before用法注意before在下列句型中的使用It will be+一段時間+before+從句It won't be long before+從句before一詞在不同的句型中就有不同的意思,如:"在之前"、"過了才"、"沒就"、"不知不覺就"等。It will be along time _Mr.Black _back abroad.A.before;comes B.since;has come C.before;will come D.after;will come【考點8】wh

9、ere引導的定語從句與where引導的地點狀語從句的區(qū)別-I have learned that alarge new building will be set up _the Twin Towers once stood.-So have I.But the American people haven't yet got over the shock of September 11.A.where B.when C.which D.that【考點9】so that可引導目的狀語從句和結果狀語從句Roses need special care _they can live throug

10、h winter.A.because B.so that C.even if D.as【考點10】狀語從句的省略用法1.當when,while,if,unless引導狀語從句時,如果主從句的主語一致,且謂語部分由be動詞構成(或者從句中有it is)時,可省略主語和be動詞(或省略it is)。2.在虛擬條件狀語從句中,如果從句中有had,should,were時,可省略if,用"had,should,were+主語"形式。3.以as,than引導的比較狀語從句可全部或部分省去。4.as if和as though從句可用省略形式,后接不定式、分詞、形容詞和介詞。The re

11、search is so designed that once _nothing can be done to change it.A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begunGenerally speaking,_ according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.(A.when taking B.when taken C.when to take D.when to be taken答案:BBBCC CBAAB DB簡單句【要點提示】1、感嘆句:感嘆句有兩個基本句式句式:1)What+N

12、.phrase+subject+be/v.!這里的名詞短語有以下三種可能:a、a/an+adj.+名詞單數(shù)b、adj.+名詞復數(shù)c、adj.+不可數(shù)名詞e.g.What alovely boy he is!What sweet flowers they are!What cold weather it is!2)How+adj.+the+N.(單數(shù)、復數(shù)、不可數(shù))+subject+be/link-v.e.g.How lovely the boy is!How sweet the flowers are!How could the weather is!How smooth the silk f

13、eels!另:上兩種感嘆句可以相互轉換有時,在上下文明確的情況下,可以省略How后面的形容詞。e.g.How(fast/well)the students work!How well/beautifully)she sings!2、反意疑問句:1)反意疑問句一般遵循:前面肯定,反意部分否定、前面否定反意部分肯定的原則。e.g.He likes playing football,doesn't he?You don't watch TV in the evening,do you?注:a、當前否后肯時,要注意它的答局的意思。e.g.She doesn't speak En

14、glish,does she?Yes,she does.(不,她講英語的)No,she doesn't.(是的,不講)2)祈使句的反意部分用won't you?/shan't we?或will you?/shall we?但常用will you?/shall we?e.g Lend me ahand,will you?Let us pass through the room,will you?Don't make any noise,will you?Let's play tennis now,shall we?3)含有否定意思的副詞:hardly、no

15、、not、never、seldom、little、scarcely等,屬于準否定詞,用于句中時,該句即為否定句。e.g.He hardly goes home on Sundays,does he?The little boy seldom tells lies,does he?但是像unfair、useless、impossible、dislike等詞,雖然也有否定意思,但由于它們是在一個詞前加前綴dis-/im-/un-等或在詞后加后綴-less構成的,不屬于準否定詞。當這些詞用于句中時,該句并不是否定句,即:反意部分仍然用否定式。e.g.You dislike the way he sp

16、eaks,don't you?It is impossible to finish the work in three hours,isn't it?4)must表示推測時,反意部分用must后面的動詞的相應助動詞形式。e.g.He must know both English and French,doesn't he?She must have know the answer to the question,hasn't she?They must have visited the farm last week,didn't they?注意:a、Le

17、t me引起的祈使句,反意部分用will you?/won't you?/may I。b、當陳述部分的主語是:-body或-one構成的不定代詞時,反意部分的主語用he或they;是-thing時,用it。c、I am.的反意部分用aren't I?3、雙賓語:有些英語動詞可以接雙賓語,句式為:subject+vt.+sb.(間接賓語)+sth.(直接賓語)英語中,能接雙賓語的常用動詞有:ask、promise、cause、play、leave、make、do、bring、buy、reach、order、teach、offer、serve、show、tell、wish.。e.g

18、.Can Iask you aquestion,Sir?She made me amodel ship for my birthday.注:帶雙賓語的句子可以被改為subject+vt.+sth(直接賓語)+介詞+sb.的形式。其中的介詞,常用的有:to、for、of.。歸納如下:hand owe pay post promise read return send show teachsth.to sb.boil buy draw choose earn find gather order save singsth.for sb.ask request demand sth.of/from s

19、b.另還有:play ajoke/trick on sb;play agame with/against sb.e.g.Excuse me,you demand too much from/of me.May Iask aquestion of you?4、句型:Subject+link-v.+n./adj.在該句型中的系動詞有特定含義,有"人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)"等形式變化。常用的有:顯得:look,appear,seem變得:become,come,fall,get,go,grow,run,turn持續(xù)是:continue,keep,remain,stand,stay聽(聞、嘗

20、、摸)起來:sound,smell,taste,feel證明是:prove e.g.His words proved right.The dish smells wonderful.5、有些動詞不表示動作,而表示事物的特性,用主動形式表示被動含義,這類動詞有:wash,write,sell,drive,feel,hang.等。e.g.Some pictures are hanging on the wall.This kind of car drive smooth and fast.The pen writes well so sells well.習慣用法【要點點撥】1.It's

21、the first time that.(從句中用現(xiàn)在完成時)It was for the first time that(強調(diào)句,對狀語for the first time進行強調(diào))It's(high)time that.(從句中用過去時或should do)2.It's the same with sb./So it is with sb.表示某人也如此(用于前句中既有肯定又有否定或兩個不同類的謂語動詞)3.be about to do/be doingwhen.正要做/正在做就在那時.4 Ais twice/three times as+原級+as BA is twice

22、/three times the n.of B.A is twice/three times+比較級+than B5.I t's awaste of time/money doing/to doIt's no use/good doingIt's possible/probable/(un)likely that.It makes great/no sense to do做某事很有/沒意義6.There's no use/good doing.There's no sense/point(in)doingThere is no need for sth.

23、/to do.There is(no)possibility that(同位語從句)7.The+比較級.,the+比較級越.,越.注意:前半句為從句,用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時;8.It seems/appears(to sb.)that sb.在某人看來某人.=Sb.seems/appears to be/to do/to be doing/to have done.It seems/looks as if.好象/似乎.9.It(so)happened that sb.某人碰巧.=Sb.happened to be/to do/to be doing/to have done.10.It is

24、said/thought/believed/hoped/supposed.that sb=Sb.is said to be/to do/to be doing/to have done.(注意:這種句型里如帶動詞hope則不能變成簡單句,因為無hope sb.to do結構)12.such.that.如此.以致于(引導結果狀語從句).such.as像.的這種(as為關系代詞,引導定語從句,在從句里充當主、賓、表)13.Do you mind if Ido sth.?/Would you mind if Idid sth.?14.The chance is that./(The)Chances

25、are that.很可能.15.Check/Make sure/See to it/See that.(從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時)確信/務必.16.depend on it that.取決于see to it that.負責/設法做到.注意:除了except/but/in等介詞可以直接接that從句,其它介詞后必須用it做形式賓語;17.It is/was+介詞短語/從句/名詞/代詞等+thatHow/When/Where/Why is/was it that.?注意:此句型為強調(diào)句,當被強調(diào)的為表示人的詞時,還可用who連接;強調(diào)主語時,從句后的謂語動詞應與前面的主語保持一致;注意與定語從句的區(qū)

26、別)18.How is it that.(這幾個句型都表示"怎么會.?""怎么發(fā)生的?")How come+從句?How does/did e about?(How did it come about that.?)如:How come you are late again?19.There seems/appears/happens to be/must be/can't be/is(are,was,were)said to be/is(are,was,were)thought to be.表示".似乎有/碰巧有/一定有/不可能有/據(jù)

27、說有/認為有."介詞(如of)there being want/wish/expect there to be要/希望/期待有.adj./adv.enough for there to be.足夠.會有.注意:there being/there to be為there be的非謂語形式;It is said/thought that there is/are=There is/was/are/were said(thought)to be.如:I have never dream of there being such agood chance for me.It won't

28、 be cold enough for there to be afrost tonight.20.疑問詞+插入語+陳述語序?Who do you think he'll have attend the meeting?21.But for+n./pron.,sb./sth.would(not)have done.要不是.,某人早就(表示虛擬語氣)=If it had not been for.,./If there had not been.,.22.It won('t)be long be fore+從句(從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時)不久/很久就要.It was(not)long

29、before+從句(從句中用一般過去時)不久/很久才.23.Those who.(從句及主句中謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式).Anyone who=Whoever.(從句及主句中謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式)24.主句(一般現(xiàn)在時或過去時).when從句.(might/should do或might/should have done)表示"對比",意思為"本該(可)而卻",主句中為陳述語氣,從句里為虛擬語氣,如:Why are you here when you should be in school?你本該上學的怎么在這兒?He stopped trying when h

30、e might have succeeded.本該已成功了他卻停止努力了.25.There is./Sb.have no doubt that(同位語從句,that不可省略)There is/Sb.have some doubt whether.(同位語從句不可用if)Sb.doubt if/whether.Sb.don't doubt that26.immediately/directly/instantly/the moment+從句on/upon+n./doing No sooner had sb.done than.(過去時)Hardly had sb.done when.(過

31、去時)注意:這幾個結構都表示"一.就";27.every time/each time/the last time/the first time/next time+從句(名詞性短語引導一個時間狀語句)anywhere/everywhere+從句(相當于wherever引導的地點狀語從句)You can go anywhere you like.Next time you come,please bring your son along.28.If only/I wish+從句(用過去類時態(tài))表示虛擬語氣,"要是.就好了""但愿就好了!&quo

32、t;29.Considering+n.或pron.或that從句/Seeing that.考慮到/鑒于.Given+n./pron作狀語,表示"在有的情況下""如果有""假定",有時也表示"考慮到"Seeing(that)he refused to help us,there is no reason why we should help him now.Given good health,I hope to finish the work this year.Given their inexperience/th

33、at they are inexperienced,they've done agood job.30.There was atime when.曾經(jīng)有那么一度.31.other than與no,not,none等否定詞連用,表示肯定意思,如:It was none other than Mr.Smith.這正是Smith先生.32.Not until.did/do/does/will sb.doIt was/is not untilthat sb33.It's(un)like sb.to do/to have done做某事很像某人/做某事可不像某人34.It remains

34、 to be seen Wh-words.是否.還有待于看.(不用that,if作連接詞)35.It only remains for sb.to do剩下的只是要某人做某事.We've got everything ready.It only remains for you to come to dinner.36.One moment.,and now剛才一會兒還在做而現(xiàn)在卻.37.Not all/both/everyone表示部分否定38.Such is/are.這(些)就是.(謂語動詞單復數(shù)由后面名詞決定)39.I'd rather(not)do/have done我寧

35、愿.I'd rather+從句(從句中用過去時或過去完成時)40.It's important/necessary/s trange/surprising.+that(用陳述語氣或should do)41.I like/hate/appreciate it that/when等從句(it表示后面從句的這種情況)I appreciate it if you will give me ahand.42.By the time+從句(一般現(xiàn)在時/過去時),主句(將來完成時/過去完成時)43.,as is often the case with sb./as is usual with

36、 sb.(as引導非限制性定語從句)44 in case/lest/for fear that.(從句中用陳述語氣或should do)45.While置于句首可表示As long as或Although While there is life there is hope.While Iadmit his good points,I can see his bad ones.46.can not(never)too+adj.(adv.)/adj.(adv.)+enough"越越好""非常"too+adj.(anxious/eager/willing/re

37、ady/glad等)+to do.表示肯定意思I can't thank you enough.我非常感激你.He was too glad to see his father.=He was very glad to see his father.47.not/neve等表示否定的詞與比較級連用表示最高級,如:-Do you agree with his suggestion?-I can't agree more.48.What if.要是.怎么辦?What if he doesn't come tomorrow?49.more.than與其.不如.He is mo

38、re nervous than frightened.50.It is/has been+一段時間+since從句(從句中如為延續(xù)性動詞,則實際表示的意思相反)It is two years since he drank.他不喝酒已兩年了.交際用語易錯??嫉娜粘=浑H用語1.問候和應答A:How are you doing?B:Fine,thank you./Just so-so.A:Please remember me to your parents.B:Sure,I will.2.介紹和應答A:This is Mr./Mrs./Miss/Ms Brown.B:Hello!/How do yo

39、u do?/Nice to meet you!3.告別See you(later)!/Good night!(cf.Good evening!)/Nice seeing you.4.感謝和應答A:Many thanks!/Thanks for your help!/I appreciate your help!B:That's all right(OK)./You are welcome./Don't mention it./It's apleasure./My pleasure.(cf.With pleasure.用于回答對方的求助、邀請)5.道歉和應答A:I'

40、;m sorry.B:That's all right(OK.)./It doesn't matter./Never mind./That's nothing./Forget it.6.邀請和應答A:Would you like to.?B:Yes,I'd love to./Yes,with pleasure./Yes,it's very kind(nice)of you./I'd love to,but Ihave other plans.7.請求允許和應答A:Could Ismoke here?/I wonder if Icould smok

41、e here.B:Yes(Certainly)./Yes,do please./Of course you may./That's OK(all right)./I'm sorry,but it is not allowed/You'd better not.A:Do you mind if Iopen the window?B:Not at all./Of course not./Certainly not./I'm sorry,but you'd better not.8.祝愿、祝賀和應答A:Good luck!/Best wishes to you

42、./Have anice/good time./Congratulations!/Have agood journey.!B:Thank you.A:Happy New Year!/Merry Christmas!/Happy birthday to you.B:The same to you.9.提供幫助和應答A:Can Ihelp you?/Would you like some help?B:Thanks.That would be nice/Yes,please./No,thank you all(just)the same./No,thank you anyway./That'

43、;s very kind of you,but Ican manage it myself.A:What can Ido for you?B:I'd like to go to the No.3 Middle School.10.約會A:Shall we meet at 4:30?/Let's make it 4:00.B:All right.See you then.11.打電話A:Hello!May Ispeak to Tom?B:Hold on,please.A:Is that Mary speaking?B:She isn't here right now.Can Itake amessage for you?12.就餐A:Would you like some more meat?/Help yourself

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