個最最常用醫(yī)學詞根和詞綴

1、TablelExamplesoforgansandsystems（部分器官與系統(tǒng)術語）中文普通詞根/前/后綴形容詞示例1心heartcardiocardiaccardialcardiology心臟病學endocarditis心內膜炎myocarditis心肌炎2腦braincerebroencephalocerebralcerebrum大腦cerebellum小腦encephalopathy腦病3顱skullcraniocranialintracranial顱內的4肺lungPulmopulmonopulmonarypulmonology肺病學pulmonitis肺炎5肝liverhepato

2、hepatichepatitis肝炎hepatobiliary肝膽的hepatoenterostomy肝腸吻合6腎kidneynephrorenalnephritis腎炎nephropathy腎病nephrectomy腎切除7胃stomachgastrogastricgastritis胃炎gastrectomy胃切除8腸intestinegutbowelenterointestinalenteritis腸炎gastroenteritis胃腸炎enterostomy腸造口術9食道/管esophagusesophagoesophagealesophagitis食道炎esophagoscopy食道鏡

3、10膽（汁）Bilecholebiliarycholecystitis膽囊炎cholesterol膽固醇11脾spleensplenosplenicsplenectomy脾切除splenomegaly脾大12胰pancreaspancreatopancreaticpancreatitis胰腺pancreatopathy胰腺病13膀胱bladdercystcystocysticcystitis膀胱炎cystography膀胱造影14（泌）尿urineurourethrourinaryurology泌尿病學transurethral經尿道的15直腸rectusrectorectalrectosco

4、py直腸鏡檢杳rectoplasty直腸成形術rectocolitis直腸結腸炎16結腸coloncolocolonalcolitis結腸炎colostomy結腸造口17肌musclemyomuscularmyocarditis心肌炎myoma肌瘤18關節(jié)jointarthroarticulararthritis關節(jié)炎arthropathy關節(jié)病19骨boneosteoosteoarthritis骨關節(jié)炎osteoplasty骨整形20髓marrowmyelomyeloma骨髓瘤myelitis骨髓炎myelopathy骨髓病21血bloodhematohematichematology血液學

5、hematoma血腫22血管vesselvasoangiovascularvasopressin血管加壓素angiography血管造影23動脈arteryarterioarterialarteriosclerosis動脈硬化24靜脈veinvenovenousIntravenous靜脈內的25神經nerveneuronervousneuron神經元neuroma神經瘤26細胞cellcytocellularcytology細胞學leukocyte白細胞27眼eyeophthalmooculoocularvisualophthalmology眼科學ophthalmitis眼炎28耳earaud

6、ioauditoryaudibleAudiometer聽力計audiosurgery耳外科29鼻noserhinonasonasalrhinorrhea鼻溢nasogastric鼻胃的30口mouthorooralorolingual口舌的31舌tonguelinguolingualsublingual舌下的32喉throatlaryngolaryngeallaryngectomy喉切除laryngitis喉炎33咽throatpharyngopharyngealpharyngitis咽炎34氣管/道Airway/pipe/passagetracheotrachealtracheostomy氣

7、管插管tracheoscope氣管鏡tracheoesophageal氣管食道的35體body-some/some-physicalpsychosomatice身心的chromosome染色體36精神mindpsycho-mentalpsychology心理學psychosis精神病含義詞跟/前/后綴示例37病patho-pathypathogen病原體/pathology病理學encephalopathy腦病38病態(tài)-osisneurosis神經病/tuberculosis結核39增多-osisleukocytosis白細胞增多癥40減少-peniapancytopenia全血細胞減少41炎

8、癥-itisarthritis關節(jié)炎/hepatitis肝炎42腫塊-omalymphoma淋巴瘤/carcinoma癌43疼痛-algia-algesiaarthralgia關節(jié)痛/analgesia止痛44血癥-emialeukemia白血病/bacteremia菌血癥45麻痹-plegiahemiplegia偏癱/myoplegia肌肉麻痹46壞死necro-necrosishepatonecrosis肝壞死/necrotic壞死的47不良mal-malnutrition營養(yǎng)不良/malfunction功能障礙，48流出-rrheadiarrhea腹瀉/menorrhea月經49困難/障

9、礙dys-dysfunction功能障礙/dyspnea呼吸困難/dysuria排尿困難50無aan-atypical不典型的/asymptomatic無癥狀的/anuria無尿/analgesia止痛51復合/多poly-polyuria多尿/polyopia視物顯多癥52巨-megalysplenomegaly脾大/acromegaly肢端肥大癥53結石litho-lithcholelithes膽結石/lithiasis結石病54硬化-sclerosisAthrosclerosis動脈粥樣硬化/arteriosclerosis動脈硬化Table3Examplesofsurgicalterm

10、inology（部分外科術語）含義前/后綴示例55切除-ectomygastrectomy胃切除56切開-otomycraniotomy開顱手術57造口/吻合-stomycolostomy結腸造口58整（矯）形ortho-orthopedics骨科59造影、描繪-graphyangiography血管造影/radiography拍片60經/橫向trans-transurethral經尿道的/transcutaneous經皮的/transfusion輸血61成形-plastyesophagoplasty食道成形術含義普通前/后綴示例62上Upper,superiorepi-,supra-epig

11、astric上腹部的/supraclavicular鎖骨上的63下lower,inferiorinfra-,sub-subclavicular鎖骨下的/inferiorvenacava下腔靜脈64刖front,anterior,priorfore-,ante,pre-,antero.forehead前額/anteroposterior前后的/正位的65后back,posterior,rearpost-,retro-,postero-postprandial餐后的/retroperitoneal腹膜后的66內inner,internalIn-,intra,endo,ento-Inhalation

12、吸入/endoscope內窺鏡/intracranial顱內的67外outer,externalex-,exo-extract提取/excretion排泄/exocardial心外的68側lateralbilateral雙側的/unilateral單側的/contralateral對側的69旁/副adjacent,appendixpara-parathyroid甲狀旁腺/paracancer癌旁70周peripheral,aroundperi-Perioperative圍術的/perinatal圍產的71間betweeninter-intercostal肋間的/intercedllular細胞

13、間的72中心Centralcentro-,centri-centrifuge離心/centronucleus中心核Table5Examplesofcellsandcolors（部分細胞與顏色）含義詞根/前/后綴示例73色chromo/cromochromosome染色體/cromolyn色苷酸鈉74紅erythroerythrocyte紅細胞/erythromycin紅霉素75白Leukoleukocyte白細胞/leukemia白血病76黑MelanoMelanoma黑色素瘤/melena黑便77青、藍Cyanocyanosis紫紺78淋巴lymphlymphocyte淋巴細胞/lympho

14、ma淋巴瘤79粒Granulogranulocyte粒細胞/granulocytosis粒細胞增多80成細胞blastfibroblast成纖細胞81網(wǎng)狀Reticuloreticulocyte網(wǎng)狀細胞82嗜堿的basi,baso,alkalobasophil嗜堿性粒細胞83嗜酸的eosino,acidoeosinocyte,eosinophil嗜酸性粒細胞84凝血的Thrombothrombocyte凝血細胞（=血小板platelet）含義前/后綴示例85（酸）鹽-atesulfate硫酸鹽/nitrate硝酸鹽86醇-olalcohol酒精/taxol紫杉醇/ethanol乙醇87醛-almethylal甲縮醛/retinal視黃醛88糖-saccharide,glyco-,gluco-,saccharo-glycogen糖原/glucose葡萄糖/saccharide糖/polysaccharide多糖89酶-asetransaminase轉氨酶/reductase還原酶90素-inheparin肝素/nuclein核素91原-genantigen抗原/collagen膠原92苯基/酚phenol-Phenol酚（石炭酸）/phenate酚鹽93氨基amino-Aminoacid氨基酸/aninosuria氨尿Table7Examplesofnumbers（