形容詞(adj)和副詞(adv)

1、形容詞形容詞( (adj.) )和副詞和副詞( (adv.) )形容詞：用于修飾名詞或代詞，描述被修飾成分的性質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài)或?qū)傩缘?。Eg. This is a good book. (修飾名詞book) She is beautiful.(修飾代詞she)副詞：主要用于修飾動詞、形容詞和副詞，描述被修飾成分的特征或狀態(tài)。Eg. Jim plays basketball well.(修飾動詞play) She is very beautiful.(修飾形容詞beautiful) Jim plays basketball very well.(修飾副詞well)形容詞和副詞的比較等級（假設(shè)A和B

2、為進(jìn)行比較的人或事物）1、原級：使用形容詞或副詞原形，表示A與B一樣（或不一樣）。2、比較級：使用形容詞或副詞比較級形式，表示A與B二者相比哪一個更。3、最高級：使用形容詞或副詞最高級形式，表示三者（或三者以上）相比哪一個最。 形容詞或副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成 1.一般在詞尾后加 er 或est. tall-taller-tallest long-longer-longest young-younger-youngest soon-sooner-soonest clever-cleverer-cleverest fast-faster-fastest cold-colder-coldest n

3、ear-nearer-nearest bright-brighter-brightest short-shorter-shortest new-newer-newest high-higher-highest low-lower-lowest slow-slower-slowest 2. 以不發(fā)音 的元音“e”結(jié)尾的形容詞, 加er或est. close-closer-closest strange-stranger-strangest fine-finer-finest large-larger-largest wide-wider-widest white-whiter-whitest n

4、ice-nicer-nicest late-later-latest 3.以輔音字母加“y”結(jié)尾的形容詞,先把“y”變?yōu)椤癷”,再加er或est. angry-angrier-angriest busy-busier-busiest cloudy-cloudier-cloudiest dirty-dirtier-dirtiest early-earlier-earliest easy-easier-easiest happy-happier-happiest heavy-heavier-heaviest . 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的形容詞，如末尾只有一個輔音字母，應(yīng) 先寫雙這一個輔音字母，再加er或

5、est. big-bigger-biggest thin-thinner-thinnest fat-fatter-fattest wet-wetter-wettest hot-hotter-hottest red-redder-reddest形容詞或副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成1）規(guī)則變化 單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞詞尾加er/est變?yōu)楸容^級/最高級。加er/est方法與動詞變過去式加ed方法相同。Eg. tall taller/tallest nice nicer/nicest big bigger/biggest easy easier/easiest clever cleverer/cleve

6、rest (clever雙音節(jié)) 多音節(jié)詞和一些雙音節(jié)詞在該詞前加more/ most變?yōu)楸容^級/最高級。以ly結(jié)尾的副詞除early以及不規(guī)則變化外，也應(yīng)加more/most。Eg. interesting more/most interesting careful more/most careful slowly more/most slowly形容詞或副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成2）不規(guī)則變化 good/well better, best bad/badly/ill worse, worst many/much more, most little less, least * old olde

7、r, oldest 年長的；老的；舊的 elder, eldest（親戚關(guān)系中）年長的 * far farther, farthest 遠(yuǎn)的 further, furthest 遠(yuǎn)的（有更加、進(jìn)一步的含義）補充說明： few fewer, fewest friendly friendlier, friendliest (adj.) more/most friendly often more/most oftenExercises: 請將下列詞變成比較級和最高級bright -long -late -wide -angry -popular - quickly -good -bad -brigh

8、ter, brightestlonger, longestlater, latestwider, widestangrier, angriestmore/most popularmore/most quicklybetter, bestworse, worst形容詞或副詞各比較等級的基本用法1、原級：使用形容詞或副詞原形，表示A與B一樣（或不一樣）。 主要用于A as/(not so) as B 結(jié)構(gòu)。 Eg. 1) Jim is as tall as Mike.Jim is not so tall as Mike.2)Jim works as hard as Mike. Jim doesnt

9、 work so hard as Mike.2、比較級：使用形容詞或副詞比較級形式，表示A與B 二者相比哪一個更。 主要用于A than B 結(jié)構(gòu)。Eg. 1) Jim is taller than Mike.2) Jim works harder than Mike.比較級用法擴展 比較級用法擴展1）比較級前面可以有much, a little, a lot, even等修飾語。 This book is much better than that one. 好得多2）比較級比較級，表示越來越 hotter and hotter 越來越熱 more and more beautiful 越來

10、越漂亮3） than 后面的人稱代詞用主格或賓格都可以。 He is taller than I (am). He is taller than me.補充： He is the taller of the two boys.3、最高級：使用形容詞或副詞最高級形式，表示三者（或三者以上）相比哪一個最。 主要用于the in/among/of +所包含人或事物的數(shù)量3的集合短語結(jié)構(gòu)。Eg. 1) Jim is the tallest in our class.2) Jim works (the) hardest of all the boys.最高級用法擴展 最高級用法擴展形容詞最高級前的the

11、在以下幾種情況下可以省略：1） 該形容詞前有物主代詞或名詞所有格。 He is my/Jims best friend.2） 比較含義模糊。 We are busiest on Monday. This is a most interesting book. 這里的most相當(dāng)于very。補充： China is one of the most beautiful countries. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.Exercises: 根據(jù)所給提示詞填空。 My house is _ (large) than Ji

12、ms. Today is much _ (warm) than yesterday. Which book is _(interesting), this one or that one? Kate is _ (good) than me at English. Who is _ (tall) boy in your class? Mike runs _(fast) of all the students. I have _ (much) money than you. 8. Yesterday was my _ (happy) day in my life.9. My brother is

13、not so _ (strong) as me.1. 10. Mr Smith is the _ (short) of the two men .largerwarmermore interestingbetterthe tallest(the) fastestmorehappieststrongshorter 觀察下列各句， 辨別括號中單詞的詞類。 1. He is a (fast) worker. 2. He works very (fast.) 3. Thats a (hard) math problem. 4. You have to work (hard) at your lesso

14、ns 5. I feel(better) now. 6. He plays football (better) than I. 7. Tom draws (worse) than his brother. 8. He was (worse) than his brother. 9. Of all the boys ,he reads (best.) 10. Of all the boys, he is the (best.) 11. That plane flew (high) that day. 12. That plane is (high ) in the sky now. 13. A

15、(straight ) line is the shortest between 2 points. 14. Stand (straight). 15. He always speaks in a (low ) voice. 16. He is a clever businessman.He always buys (low ) and sells high. 17. At the end of the streeet , there is a (low ) wall. 18. We didnt go (far ) because we knew that famous place was too (far ) away. 19. He is a (slow ) boy. Hes always (slow) to make up his mind. And he even likes to take a (slow) train when he travel. 20. Please tell the driver to go (slower). 21. The (last ) time I saw you was the las