《大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英語》教案（英文）Book 3 Unit 4 Teaching plan.docx

1、Unit FourI. Objectives Learn the cultural difference between the English and the French through reading, listening, and discussion. Learn the meanings and uses of some new words, phrases and sentence structures.II. Teaching Emphases and Difficulties:1. The comprehension and appreciation of Text I;2.

2、 New words and expressions:lobby, complexion, foreboding, shudder, scheme, psyche, moat, breach, in progress, screech, quirk, chic, grunge, reverie, scramble, lopsided, executive, distressing, badger, have the nerve to do sthIII. Teaching Procedures: (8 teaching hours)Warming up (15 minutes):Read th

3、e following quotes and tell your classmates which one is your favorite. State your reasons.All objects, all phases of culture are alive. They have voices. They speak of their history and interrelatedness. And they are all talking at once!Camille PagliaEvery age, every culture, every custom and tradi

4、tion has its own character, its own weakness and its own strength, its beauties and cruellies; i( accepts certain sufferings as matters of course, puls up patiently with certain evils. Human life is reduced to real suffering, to hell, only when two ages, two cultures and religions overlap.Hermann He

5、sseEach nation feels superior to other nations. That breeds patriotism and wars.Dale CarnegieNo nation is permitted to live in ignorance with impunity.Thomas JeffersonThe world still consists of two clearly divided groups: the English and the foreigners. One group consists of less than 50 million pe

6、ople; the other of 3,950 million. The latter group does not really count.George Mikes6. The report ends up with revealing the business worries on the part of the Chunnel authorities, who were concerned with, but not without hope, the business of the tunnel transport: promotion work was expected to f

7、acilitate the effective use of the Chunnel on the part of the French population.Text II （60 minutes）:Text: Confucius, the Philosopher Notes Comprehension Notes1. Confucius孔子（551 B.C. 479 B.C.）, founder of Confucianism. He is regarded as a great philosopher, thinker and educator of ancient China and

8、is recognized as one of the most influential figures in Chinese history. His main philosophy and teachings can be found in The Analects （論語） compiled by his disciples and their students.2. Master Kungalso spelled Kong, the title of honor for Confucius 孔夫子3. to the effect thatused to refer to the gen

9、eral sense or meaning of something wriden or spoken 大意是e.g. The president made a declaration to the effect that the government would try every means to rescue the hostage.總統(tǒng)發(fā)表了一項(xiàng)聲明，其大意是政府將想方設(shè)法援救人質(zhì)。4. be attached tofull of affection or fondnessc.g. He is deeply attached to Dudu, his dog, who has acco

10、mpanied him for nearly eight years.他對(duì)他的狗嘟嘟感情很深，因?yàn)猷洁街迸惆樵谒磉吋河薪四炅恕?. charitykindness and tolerance in judging others （對(duì)他人）寬容,寬厚e.g. My mother often tells me that it is a virtue to look upon others with charity. 媽媽經(jīng)常對(duì)我說寬厚待人是一種美德。6. Rotten wood cannot be carved, a wall of dirty earth will not receive t

11、he trowel! 朽木不可雕也，糞土之墻不可坊也。7. be quick to do sth.do sth. immediatelye.g. His friends dare not play jokes on him as he is quick to take offence.8. Lao-tzealso spelled Lao-tzu, Lao Tse, founder of Daoism （道家）,which established the earliest ontology （本體論）and cosmology （宇宙論）in China. Little is known abo

12、ut his life and he is said （o be a contemporary of Confucius. The central concept of his philosophical system is The Dao （or Tao, often translated as "the Way"）, which is also the core of classical Chinese philosophy. His book Dao De Jing is （he first work with a comprehensive philosophica

13、l system in the history ofChinese Philosophy.9. Recompense kindness with kindness, good with good!以德報(bào)德，以善報(bào)善。10. Do not do unto others what you would not have others do unto you.己所不欲，勿施于人。 Comprehension (Refer to Workbook P65)Exercises (refer to Workbook PP49-57) (60 minutes)1) Give an exact referenc

14、e to prove that each of the following statements is wrong.2) TranslationAssignments:1. Do supplementary exercise 4.2. Do the relevant exercises in Workbook 3.People nowadays like to be together not in the old-fashioned way of, say, mingling on (he piazza of an Italian Renaissance city, but, instead,

15、 huddled together in traffic jams, bus queues, on escalators and so on. It's a new kind of togetherness which may seem totally alien, but it's the togetherness of modern technology.J. G BallardListening (45 minutes): Notes ListeningNotes:1. etiquette the customaiy code of polite behavior in

16、society 禮節(jié)2. take a social mishap kindly kindly tolerate one's lack of manners or breach of etiquette3. dress code a set of conventions governing how one is supposed to dress himself on a particular occasion 著裝要求4. audacious extremely bold or daring5. black-tie party a formal party at which men

17、are expected to wear a dinner jacket or black tuxedo (無尾晚禮服)with a black bow tie and women wear a long floor-length evening dress or gown6. attire clothes, especially fine or formal ones for special occasions or ceremonies7. white-tie party the most formal type of event such as a state dinner, a ver

18、y formal ball or an evening wedding. On such an occasion, men are expected to wear a black evening tail coat with a white bow tie while women wear a very formal long floor-length evening gown.8. swallow-tailed coats formal evening dress for men 燕尾服9. souffle a light, spongy baked dish made typically

19、 by adding flavoured egg yolks to stiffly beaten egg whites 蛋奶酥ListeningListen to the recording and answer the following questions.1. How do the British and the French treat others5 lack of manners or breach of etiquette?Answer: Neither the British nor the French treat others' lack of manners or

20、 breach of etiquette kindly.2. What arc the taboo topics of conversation for British people? What arc the taboo topics of conversation for French people?Answer: Politics and philosophy are the taboo topics of conversation for British people, while money or wealth is a taboo topic of conversation for

21、 French people.3. How do British people differ from French people regarding fashion?Answer: French people arc much less audacious than British people regarding fashion.4. What are British people expected to wear at work? And what about French people?Answer: British people arc expected to wear formal

22、ly at work, but French people can go to work with odd jacket and trousers.5. In terms of punctuality, how are British people different from French people?Answer: In the UK punctuality is a golden rule, but In France punctuality can be approximate.Text I (180 minutes)(1) Pre-Reading Questions(2) Gene

23、ral Reading(3) Background(4) Words and phrases(5) Comments on the TextText IThe Light at the End of the Chunnel1. Pre-Reading QuestionsHere are the questions for you to think about before you read the text.1) . How did the English and the French people look at the Chunnel, joyously or resentfully?Wh

24、y do you think so?2) . How do you visualize the breakthrough ceremony? Exercise your imagination.2. General ReadingGo over the text rapidly once and then decide which of the following statements best sums up the content._ I. The French and the English people seemed none too happy about the Chunnel a

25、nd there would be more people going to France via the Chunnel than there would be people going to Britain.J 2. In spite of the adverse sentiments expressed by the English and the French people, the Chunnel that joins Britain and France was finally completed and, looking back, the breakthrough that t

26、ook place several years ago was a moving scene._ 3. The construction of the Chunnel was an important event and large numbers of people would be using it to go across the English Channel.3. Background(1) English ChannelThe English Channel, often referred to simply as the Channel, is an arm of the Atl

27、antic Ocean that separates southern England from northern France, and joins the North Sea to the Atlantic. It is about 560 km long and varies in width from 240 km at its widest to 34 km in the Strait of Dover. It is the smallest of the shallow seas around (he continental shelf of Europe, covering an

28、 area of some 75,000 square kilometers.(2) The Channel TunnelThe Channel Tunnel is a 5().5-kilometre undersea rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. At its lowest po

29、int, it is 75 meters deep. At 37.9 kilometers, the Channel Tunnel possesses the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world.(3) (he ConiinenlContinental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent (particularly by the British. Icelanders and other European island nati

30、ons), is the continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European islands.(1) stiff: a. firm, hard, or difficuh to bend or move, not moving or operating freelye.g. Her grandpa's legs were stiff from kneeling.This is too stifG I can't bend it with my hands.(2) complexion: n. the natural colour

31、or appearance of the skin on one's facee.g. Drinking juice is good for the complexion.She is dark in complexion.(3) foreboding: n. a strong feeling that something bad is going to happen soone.g. The sailor's wife had a strange foreboding that he would not return.It is strange that the role o

32、f anticipation and foreboding in Shakespearian drama has so far not received adequate attention and treatment(4) shudder: n. a shaking movemente.g. She gave a little shudder when she touched his clammy hand.A shudder ran through him at the touch of her fingers.(5) scarcely: ad. almost not or almost

33、none at all = hardlye.g. I can scarcely believe you're twenty years old now.The difference is scarcely perceptible to the average reader.(6) decent: a. of a good enough standard or qualitye.g. At that time it is possible to land a decent job without a college education.The main employment challe

34、nge in rural areas, however, is that many jobs do not ensure decent levels of income and sustainable livelihoods.(7) feat: n. something that is an impressive achievement, because it needs a lot of skill, strength,etc. to doe.g. We went from zero-to-complete in just three months a remarkable feat for

35、 an unplanned and very significant overhaul of a 42-year old ship.Man's first landing on the moon was a feat of great daring.(8) hitch: v. fasten something to something else, using a rope, chain, etc.e.g. Hitch these two ropes together.Last night we hitched the horse to the cart and moved here.(

36、9) be scheduled to: be planned toe.g. What is an employee who is scheduled to work 2 hours a day entitled to in the form of wages?Sometimes employees arc scheduled to work a shift and then the shift is cancelled or shortened.(10) inaugurate: v. open a building or start an organization, event, etc. i

37、br the first timee.g. The government will inaugurate its first gas storage facility in the near future.A research rocket was launched to inaugurate (he first home-built space centre of the country,(11) sweep aside: push or brush someone or something asidec.g. The guards swept the spectators aside as

38、 the king's coach approached.All desks and chairs were swept aside, and (hen they began to dance.(12) scheme: n. a plan or arrangement made by a government or other organization, a plan forachieving somethinge.g. The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.To be f

39、rank, the scheme is merely a castle in (he air.(13) rifl: fi. a situation in which two people or groups have had a serious disagreement and begunto dislike and not trust each other = splite.g. He has warned that the serious rifts within the country could lead to civil war.It was just one argument, b

40、ut it created a permanent rift between them.(14) parallel: a. being everywhere equidistant and not intersectingc.g. Parallel lines arc, by definition, lines on the same plane that never join.It shows how to construct a line parallel to a given line that passes through a given point with compass and

41、straightedge or ruler.(15) snake: v. move in long, twisting curvese.g. The river snaked away into the distance.The train snaked its way among the mountains.(16) psyche: n. countable, usually singular someone's mind, or their deepest feelings, whichcontrol their attitudes and behavioure.g. Reveng

42、e and punishment lie deep in the human psyche.A characteristic of the feminine psyche is to seek approval from others.(17) moat: n. a deep wide hole, usually filled with water, dug around a castle as a defencee.g. The main house with its charming beams is surrounded by a beautiful moat.Economic moat

43、 is a term popularized by Warren Buffett describing a company's competitive advantage.(18) breach: v. break a law, rule, or agreement = breake.g. How do I make a complaint if I believe my privacy has been breached?Spectators who breach the rules will be asked to leave the building.(19) breakthro

44、ugh: n. an important new discovery in something you are studying, especially onemade after trying for a long timee.g. Breakthrough ideas always seem impractical at first, so don't get discouraged. Scientists have made a major breakthrough in the treatment of the disease.(20) in progress: happeni

45、ng now, and not yet finishede.g. I want to report an emergency. There's a robbery in progress. Work in progress! Walking pedestrians should be cautious.(21) await: v. wait fore.g. She is awaiting her father's instructions.We await your prompt reply with much interest.(22) installation: n. th

46、e act of setting up something (as equipment) for usee.g. The installation of an air gap and drain line are recommended.Wc consider the installation of cameras an infringement on people's privacy.(23) screech: v. (wheel of a vehicle) make a high unpleasant noise as it moves along or stops e.g. A

47、black Mercedes screeched to a halt beside (he helicopter.A van screeched onto the road in front of me.(24) quirk: n. a strange habit or feature of someone's character, or a strange feature of something e.g. He had a strange quirk of addressing his wife as Mrs Smith.The most annoying quirk of his

48、 is wearing a cap all the time.(25) chic: a. very fashionable and expensive, and showing good judgement of wha( is attractiveand good stylee.g. I must say that outfit really suits you. You look really chic.Traditionally, French fashion is chic and stylish, defined by its sophistication, cut, and sma

49、rt accessories.(26) reverie: n. a state of imagining or thinking about pleasant things, that is like dreaminge.g. He was so lost in reverie that he did not hear the doorbell ring. Autumn is a season for people to generate infinite reverie.(27) blare: v. make a very loud unpleasant noisee.g. The horn

50、 blared while I press lock or unlock on my key. As he sat down, lhe loudspeaker in the station blared.(28) glare: v. shine with a very strong bright light which hurts people's eyese.g. The sun glare out of the blue sky.The sun glared down on us.(29) scramble: v. move hurriedlye.g. The little boy

51、 scrambled after his father.He scrambled to his feet and hurried into the laboratory.(30) thunderous: a. extremely loude.g. At the sight of his appearance on the stage, the hall rang with thunderous applause.The explosion, combined with escaping steam, produced an ovenvhelming noise, deep and thunde

52、rous.(31) erupt: v. break out, start suddenlye.g. In nine cases out of ten, these cases erupt too suddenly to be guarded against. Furious protests erupted in the capital city after the countiy was invaded by its enemy.(32) counterpart: n. someone or something that has the same job or purpose as some

53、one orsomething else in a different placee.g. The U.S. Congress is the counterpart of the British Parliament.Belgian officials arc discussing this with their Canadian counterparts.(33) oppose: v. disagree with something such as a plan or idea and try to prevent it from happeningor succeedinge.g. I c

54、an see no reason to oppose the plan.The Supreme Court's decision on the health care law hasn't changed the view of some groups that oppose some of its provisions.(34) lopsided: a. unequal or uneven, especially in an unfair waye.g. Our team finally won the game by a lopsided score of 6 to 0.T

55、he inability of (he successive governments to prioritise expenditure has led to lopsided development in many of the key sectors.Notes1. For the first time since the last ice ageAn ice age is any point of several periods when glaciers, especially in the form of great ice sheets, covered more of the e

56、arth's surface than they do today 冰川期.Each ice age lasted at least three million years, most of (he earlier ones lasted more than 10 million years. Today we live in a warm period during or just after the Quaternaiy ice age (第四紀(jì)冰川期)which was in the Pleistocene Epoch (更新世),beginning 2.5 million ye

57、ars ago. It is believed that all of the early development of humans came during this last ice age and civilization has come into existence as its result. For the first time since the last ice age therefore means "fbr the first time since the world began to exist., Clearly this is an exaggeratio

58、n.2. civil servanta person employed in the civil service or the government departments 公務(wù)員，文職人 員3. out the windowout here is used informally as a preposition. Generally, out ofs preferred.4. the entente was scarcely more cordialeEntente and cordiale are both French words meaning “understanding" and "fYiendly'' respectively.The meaning of the sentence is: "The understanding on the other side of the Channel was hardly more friendly, in other words, the understanding is just as unfriendly. The use of the two French words is a refere