Book5Unit3SectionⅢGrammar—過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)

1、第3步Unit 3 Life in the futureSection Grammar過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)第1步第2步返回返回返回返回返回1a.Given better attention, the trees could grow better.b. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.cDescribed as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earths gravity.返回2a

2、.I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency. I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, and was absorbed by its efficiency.bHit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. Because I was hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.3a.When offered help, one often sa

3、ys “Thank you” or “Its kind of you.”bThe research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.返回我的發(fā)現(xiàn)我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)作狀語(yǔ)用的過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)用的過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ))和句子的主語(yǔ)之間有邏輯和句子的主語(yǔ)之間有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，或稱為上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，或稱為 關(guān)系。關(guān)系。(2)第一組句子中的過(guò)去分詞第一組句子中的過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ))分別在句子中作：分別在句子中作：a. 狀語(yǔ)；狀語(yǔ)；b. 狀語(yǔ)；狀語(yǔ)；c.伴隨情況或方式狀語(yǔ)。伴隨情況或方式狀語(yǔ)。(3)比較第二組句子可知，

4、作狀語(yǔ)用的過(guò)去分詞比較第二組句子可知，作狀語(yǔ)用的過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ))可可以轉(zhuǎn)化成相應(yīng)的以轉(zhuǎn)化成相應(yīng)的 從句。從句。被動(dòng)被動(dòng)條件條件原因原因狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)返回(4)從第三組句子可知，表示時(shí)間、條件、方式、比較從第三組句子可知，表示時(shí)間、條件、方式、比較或讓步的狀語(yǔ)，可用或讓步的狀語(yǔ)，可用“ ”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)?？捎糜谠摻Y(jié)構(gòu)中的從屬連詞有：可用于該結(jié)構(gòu)中的從屬連詞有：when, once, while, if, unless, as if, as, than, though, although等。等。從屬連詞過(guò)去分詞從屬連詞過(guò)去分詞返回返回 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ))可以作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，進(jìn)一可以作狀語(yǔ)

5、，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)。在意義上相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從步說(shuō)明謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)。在意義上相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句句(而且可以跟狀語(yǔ)從句相互轉(zhuǎn)換而且可以跟狀語(yǔ)從句相互轉(zhuǎn)換)，表示時(shí)間、條件、原，表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、伴隨狀況等。因、伴隨狀況等。返回一、過(guò)去分詞一、過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)的幾種情況作狀語(yǔ)的幾種情況1作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞可用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞可用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。有時(shí)也可在過(guò)去分詞前加上連詞也可在過(guò)去分詞前加上連詞“when，while，until”等，等，使其時(shí)間意義更明確。使其時(shí)間意義更明確。This dictionary

6、 will look nice when printed.印好后，這本詞典看上去將很精美。印好后，這本詞典看上去將很精美。返回11.句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.12.一句多譯一句多譯當(dāng)被要求發(fā)言時(shí)，你才能講話。當(dāng)被要求發(fā)言時(shí)，你才能講話。Dont speak Dont speak When it is seen until asked tountil

7、 you are asked to返回當(dāng)被問(wèn)到為何要做這件事時(shí)，班長(zhǎng)說(shuō)這是他的職責(zé)。當(dāng)被問(wèn)到為何要做這件事時(shí)，班長(zhǎng)說(shuō)這是他的職責(zé)。 , the monitor said it was his duty. , the monitor said it was his duty.Asked why he did itWhen (he was) asked why he did it返回2作原因狀語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞可用作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于原因狀語(yǔ)從句。過(guò)去分詞可用作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于原因狀語(yǔ)從句。Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in

8、 class.由于對(duì)他所做的事情感到滿意，老師在班上表?yè)P(yáng)了他。由于對(duì)他所做的事情感到滿意，老師在班上表?yè)P(yáng)了他。返回Written in a hurry, this article was not so good. in a hurry, this article was not so good.試譯：試譯： Because it was written 因?yàn)閷?xiě)的匆忙，這篇文章不是很好。因?yàn)閷?xiě)的匆忙，這篇文章不是很好。返回3作條件狀語(yǔ)作條件狀語(yǔ)可用在連詞可用在連詞if，unless之后，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。之后，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。Given more time, we could do

9、 it much better. If we were given more time, we could do it much better.多給我們點(diǎn)時(shí)間，我們會(huì)做得更好。多給我們點(diǎn)時(shí)間，我們會(huì)做得更好。返回如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子就能長(zhǎng)得快。如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子就能長(zhǎng)得快。 , these seeds can grow fast. , these seeds can grow fast. 除非受到邀請(qǐng)，否則我不去作演講。除非受到邀請(qǐng)，否則我不去作演講。I wont make a speach I wont make a speach Grown in rich soilI

10、f they are grown in rich soilunless Im invitedunless invited返回4作讓步狀語(yǔ)作讓步狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞有時(shí)可用在過(guò)去分詞有時(shí)可用在although，though，even if，even though, whether .or等連詞之后，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)等連詞之后，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder. Though they had been beaten by the o

11、pposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder.雖然被對(duì)方打敗，隊(duì)員們沒(méi)有泄氣，而是更加刻苦雖然被對(duì)方打敗，隊(duì)員們沒(méi)有泄氣，而是更加刻苦訓(xùn)練。訓(xùn)練。返回Though warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields. , the farmers were still working in the fields.Considered as a building material，wood is not very str

12、ong. as a building material, wood is not very strong.Though they had been warned of the stormAlthough it is considered 返回5作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞可用作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)由過(guò)去分詞可用作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)由and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。She accepted the gift, deeply moved. She accepted the gift, and she was deeply moved.她接受了禮物，深深地被感

13、動(dòng)了。她接受了禮物，深深地被感動(dòng)了。返回The hunter walked slowly in the forest, followed by his wolf dog.The hunter walked slowly in the forest, by his wolf dog.試譯：試譯： and he was followed獵人在森林里慢慢地走著，后面跟著他的狼狗。獵人在森林里慢慢地走著，后面跟著他的狼狗。返回二、過(guò)去分詞二、過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)作狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)1作狀語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞其邏輯主語(yǔ)通常就是句子的主語(yǔ)，作狀語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞其邏輯主語(yǔ)通常就是句子的主語(yǔ)，且主語(yǔ)是過(guò)去

14、分詞動(dòng)作的承受者，即過(guò)去分詞表示的且主語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)作的承受者，即過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。2值得注意的是，有些過(guò)去分詞因來(lái)源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作值得注意的是，有些過(guò)去分詞因來(lái)源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)而重在描述主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。這樣的過(guò)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)而重在描述主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。這樣的過(guò)去分詞及短語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有：去分詞及短語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有：satisfied, surprised, worried, disappointed, lost, seated, hidden, lost/absorbed in, dressed in, tired of。返回 (give) ano

15、ther hour, I can also work out this problem.試譯：試譯： (lose) in thought, he didnt hear the bell. 試譯：試譯： (worry) about his sons safety, he didnt sleep well. 試譯：試譯：Given再給我一個(gè)小時(shí)，我也能解出這道題。再給我一個(gè)小時(shí)，我也能解出這道題。Lost由于陷入沉思之中，他沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到鈴聲。由于陷入沉思之中，他沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到鈴聲。Worried由于擔(dān)心他兒子的安全，他沒(méi)有睡好。由于擔(dān)心他兒子的安全，他沒(méi)有睡好。返回三、過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別三、過(guò)去

16、分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別1過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間存在邏過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即被動(dòng)關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即被動(dòng)關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即通常與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即主動(dòng)關(guān)系。主動(dòng)關(guān)系。2. 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)要一致。否則，須加上自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成主語(yǔ)要一致。否則，須加上自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。返回71.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 (use) f

17、or a long time, the book looks old. (use) the book, I find it useful. Good luck (give), I will earn more money.72.判斷正誤判斷正誤(T/F)If caught, the police will punish the thief. If caught, the thief will be punished by the police.UsedUsing givenFT返回1(2011天津高考天津高考)_ into English, the sentence was found to

18、have an entirely different word order.ATranslatingBTranslatedCTo translate DHaving translated解析：解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意可知，考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意可知，“translate”和和“the sentence”是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系且動(dòng)作是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系且動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，故用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式，選已經(jīng)完成，故用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式，選B項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。答案：答案：B返回2(2011四川高考四川高考)_ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.AOffer BOfferingCOffered DTo offer解析：解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。句子主語(yǔ)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。句子主語(yǔ)Andy與與offer之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故選