高考英語完形填空解題思路與技巧公開課

1、整理ppt1英語高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題課專題課Cloze test2018.3.23整理ppt2 contentscontents： 考綱分析2.主要特點3.技巧點撥技巧點撥5.課堂小結(jié)課堂小結(jié)6.真題演練真題演練4.經(jīng)典例解經(jīng)典例解 考綱分析考綱分析2.主要特點主要特點整理ppt3 考綱分析考綱分析1.高考完形填空詞數(shù)高考完形填空詞數(shù)250左右，選材以記敘文為主，夾敘夾議，設(shè)空左右，選材以記敘文為主，夾敘夾議，設(shè)空20個，首句不設(shè)空個，首句不設(shè)空2.文章主題明確，條理清晰，邏輯性強，語言地道，內(nèi)容頗有教育意義，文章主題明確，條理清晰，邏輯性強，語言地道，內(nèi)容頗有教育意義，有助于學(xué)生

2、形成正確的情感態(tài)度和價值觀有助于學(xué)生形成正確的情感態(tài)度和價值觀3.做該類題時間為做該類題時間為15分鐘，文章難度相當(dāng)于必修教材分鐘，文章難度相當(dāng)于必修教材句內(nèi)層次題：是指空格的答案由空格所在句子決定句內(nèi)層次題：是指空格的答案由空格所在句子決定(容易容易)句組層次題：是指空格的答案與空格相距不遠的一組句子決定句組層次題：是指空格的答案與空格相距不遠的一組句子決定(較易較易)語篇層次題：語篇層次題：是指空格的答案與語篇文章的內(nèi)涵決定是指空格的答案與語篇文章的內(nèi)涵決定(較難較難)整理ppt41.語境為主，語法極少：語境為主，語法極少：2.干擾性強，重細微辨析干擾性強，重細微辨析3.實詞為主，虛詞為輔

3、實詞為主，虛詞為輔4.縱觀歷年英語高考，會發(fā)現(xiàn)有些詞和語法點是命題組特別縱觀歷年英語高考，會發(fā)現(xiàn)有些詞和語法點是命題組特別偏愛的，例：名詞偏愛的，例：名詞:voice,customer;形容形容詞詞:surprise,impossible;副詞副詞:immediately,successfully;動詞動詞:go,come,annoy,continue等經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在選項中，且多等經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在選項中，且多為正確為正確5.，四個答案通常各，四個答案通常各5個，個，6.文章中出現(xiàn)的詞在選項中復(fù)現(xiàn)，常為答案文章中出現(xiàn)的詞在選項中復(fù)現(xiàn)，常為答案2.主要特點主要特點整理ppt5英語完形填空解題步驟英語完形填空

4、解題步驟n速覽全文，把握大意。速覽全文，把握大意。n細讀首句，摸清文路。細讀首句，摸清文路。n瞻前顧后，準(zhǔn)確選擇。瞻前顧后，準(zhǔn)確選擇。n復(fù)核全文，調(diào)整答案。復(fù)核全文，調(diào)整答案。做完形填空必須讀懂文章，前后邏輯一致；完形填空做完形填空必須讀懂文章，前后邏輯一致；完形填空每個小題的正確答案都是有充分根據(jù)的，可以在文章每個小題的正確答案都是有充分根據(jù)的，可以在文章匯總找到具體的突破口也就是匯總找到具體的突破口也就是信息點信息點。解題時應(yīng)聯(lián)系。解題時應(yīng)聯(lián)系上下文尋找相關(guān)線索，如某一個詞的原詞、指代詞、上下文尋找相關(guān)線索，如某一個詞的原詞、指代詞、同義詞、近義詞、上義詞、下義詞和概括詞等。同義詞、近義詞

5、、上義詞、下義詞和概括詞等。2mins10mins2mins1mins整理ppt63.技巧點撥技巧點撥1.首尾句進行預(yù)測首尾句進行預(yù)測2.語法分析語法分析3.固定搭配固定搭配4.固定句型固定句型5.復(fù)現(xiàn)信息原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)信息原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)復(fù)現(xiàn)6.排除法排除法 7.上下文邏輯關(guān)系上下文邏輯關(guān)系8.背景常識背景常識9.對比結(jié)構(gòu)對比結(jié)構(gòu)10注熟詞新義注熟詞新義整理ppt7A.跳讀首尾句進行預(yù)測跳讀首尾句進行預(yù)測一般來講，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳讀這兩句，便可判斷體裁，猜想它要講什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四個W，那么就是記敘文，很可能就是一個故事；若首句是

6、提出或解釋說明某事物，一般來說是說明文；若首句提出一個論點，那么就是議論文。首句往往開宗明義，是文章的主題。細讀首句可啟示全文。而尾句又往往是對文章主題的總結(jié)。所以，它們是了解文章大意的一個窗口，對我們理解全文有著重要的啟示作用。Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打擊樂器獨奏演員) in spite of her disability.本文主要講述的是蘇格蘭第一位女

7、打擊樂器獨奏演員Evelyn Glennie在耳聾的情況下成功學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)首句給出的信息，下面我們可以猜想Evelyn Glennie學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器過程必然充滿困難，而能夠在耳聾的情況下學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器，Evelyn Glennie對音樂肯定也是充滿熱情的。4.經(jīng)典例解經(jīng)典例解整理ppt8_do you suppose he asked for them? A. What B. How C. Who D. Which 演練：_ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job. A. Because B. While

8、 C. If D. Since B.語法分析語法分析【解析】本題中，do you suppose為插入成分。he asked for them是一個相對獨立和完整的句子，因此空格處應(yīng)該用副詞How來修飾謂語動詞asked，而不能用代詞What, Who或 Which?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)后面的I had been born in the 16th century可知這只是個假設(shè)，是一個虛擬語氣的條件句。故前面要用if引導(dǎo)BC整理ppt9They couldt read or write. They didnt like to work and they never _ baths. A. took B

9、. washed C. ran D. covered 演練：Several thoughts _my mind as I watched him work.He wasnt well-dressed.He had on a pair of shorts and a(n) simple T-shirt.A.crossed B. slipped C. disturbed D. inspiredC.固定搭配固定搭配【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配take a bath，意為“洗澡”。 AA【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配cross ones mind ，意為涌上心頭整理ppt10 I havent had

10、a phone in the house for three weeks now, and its several days _ I used a phone box. A. as B. when C. if D. since 演練：It wasnt long _the police caught the thief. A. after B. when C. before D. until D.固定句型固定句型【解析】本題考查的是itssince句型，意為“自從已(多長時間了)”。這句話的意思是“自從我上次打投幣電話已經(jīng)有好幾天了”?！窘馕觥縄t wasnt long before是常用句型，

11、意為“不久就”。這里說的是不久警察就把小偷捉到了。 DC整理ppt11E.復(fù)現(xiàn)信息復(fù)現(xiàn)信息 I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasnt empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new _, dressed neatly. A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbo

12、r D. companion 【分析】名詞同現(xiàn)，空格前出現(xiàn)了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同現(xiàn)信息可知坐在鋪好的床上的是“我”的室友。A演練：First of all, I respected his _ to teaching. Because his lectures were always well-prepared and clearly delivered, students crowded into his classroom.A.attention B. introduction C. relation D. Devotion 整理ppt12He

13、 put the books into the return box. And after a brief _ in the toilet, he would be on his way to the playground to meet Eric. A. rest B. break C. walk D. stop F.排除法排除法 【解析】此題答案為D。人不可能在廁所里休息（rest, break）或是散步（walk），由此排除另外三個選項。 演練：the woman looked carefully at me _ through her glasses, and then questio

14、ned me in a low voice. A.as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once again整理ppt13G.上下文邏輯關(guān)系上下文邏輯關(guān)系充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對選擇充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對選擇有提示作用的詞或句，有提示作用的詞或句，答題。答題。 Mrs. Black would ask me for my _. She wanted to know how I thought we should _things. At first I had no idea how to answer because I

15、know_ about stage design!2.A.opinion B. impression C. information D. intention4.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything AhandleC整理ppt14H.背景常識背景常識 After _ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back. A. Growing B. putting

16、C. planting D. laying 演練：Salina Joe began to _ when she was one-year old. A. say B. cry C. sing D. talk 【解析】根據(jù)常識，南極地區(qū)冰雪覆蓋，須費好大的勁將旗插進極地，plant在這里的意思是“安插”“插牢”，故答案為C 【解析】根據(jù)常識判斷，嬰兒在一歲的時候應(yīng)該是開始學(xué)說話，而不是學(xué)哭或?qū)W唱歌，故答案只能在A、D之間選出。又因為say是及物動詞，其后面需接賓語，而talk是不及物動詞，其后不需要接賓語，故正確答案為D。整理ppt15I.對比結(jié)構(gòu)對比結(jié)構(gòu) A pupil who can do

17、his homework in a quiet and_room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable 【分析】本題利用相似短語之間的對比關(guān)系來命題。設(shè)空部分與下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在對比關(guān)系。作者想借此說明“相同的作業(yè)”對于“不同家庭背景

18、的學(xué)生”所表現(xiàn)出的事實上的不公平。答案為C。整理ppt16J.熟詞新義1.三維設(shè)計(63頁)I had been picked to be the princess in the school play ,and for weeks my mother had practiced my _with me . A. Points B. films C. lines D. actions2.三維設(shè)計(75頁)At 18 she married and _a family.A. invented B. selected C. offered D. started三維設(shè)計(140頁)3.She tol

19、d him to bring their son and her _set of car keys, because her keys were in the stolen purse. A. own B. other C. rest D. spare4.三維設(shè)計(158頁) If a mother is the cement that holds a family together, then the father is _that strengthens that cementA. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing (臺詞) (組

20、建，創(chuàng)建）(備用的）(重要人物）整理ppt17完形填空三忌：完形填空三忌：n忌不看首句，直奔空格處作答。忌不看首句，直奔空格處作答。n忌當(dāng)做語法填空來做。忌當(dāng)做語法填空來做。完形填空很多選項完形填空很多選項必須根據(jù)上下文才能選出，不是孤立的看必須根據(jù)上下文才能選出，不是孤立的看本句話。本句話。n忌先入為主，一氣呵成。忌先入為主，一氣呵成。做題時先填把握做題時先填把握的空格，對不是很有把握的先放一放，在的空格，對不是很有把握的先放一放，在后文的到答案或在做完全文后回頭看才會后文的到答案或在做完全文后回頭看才會獲得答案。獲得答案。5.課堂小結(jié)課堂小結(jié)整理ppt18整理ppt19二輪復(fù)習(xí)心得二輪復(fù)習(xí)

21、心得一學(xué)生做什么？一學(xué)生做什么？1.拆分高考真題拆分近五年高考真題進行練習(xí),分析每一模塊的考題特點和體裁，分析答題策略，如何快速找到答案2.制訂詳細學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)劃二輪復(fù)習(xí)是備考的關(guān)鍵時期，科學(xué)分配學(xué)習(xí)時間有助于快速提高成績考生根據(jù)自己實力和能力，在老師的建議下,在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)完成一定量的模塊高考真題3.及時總結(jié)總結(jié)與練習(xí)同等重要，考生每完成一個模塊練習(xí)要及時總結(jié)，制作好糾錯集，寫好做題思路,反思和學(xué)習(xí)心得4.請求老師幫助請求老師對自己進行診斷,詳細分析自己知識缺限和做題習(xí)慣，改進策略.同時考生要針對自身特點做好改進方案,并在平時做題時寫出做題思路交給老師審閱5.樹立自信，明確目標(biāo)高考不僅考知識儲備和

22、能力，還考心態(tài)考生要建立明確的高考目標(biāo)和理想學(xué)校，從每一個小題得分算起,不斷向目標(biāo)分靠攏.成績的不斷提高，學(xué)習(xí)自然就有了動力和自信二二. .老師做什么？老師做什么？1. 幫助學(xué)生建立知識框架2. 拆分高考真題，教會學(xué)生規(guī)范答題和解題技巧3. 模塊限時訓(xùn)練，教會學(xué)生科學(xué)利用時間4. 分析學(xué)生個體差異，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生如何盡量提分5. 少批評多鼓勵，幫助學(xué)生正確看待高考預(yù)祝同學(xué)高考成功！預(yù)祝老師樂于施教！祝大家身體健康！預(yù)祝同學(xué)高考成功！預(yù)祝老師樂于施教！祝大家身體健康！整理ppt20Home work: finish the cloze test on the exercise paper.整理ppt2

23、15.真題演練真題演練整理ppt22（2015年全國II卷）In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 1 course about 20 years ago. The professor 2 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆), and invited

24、the students to 3 how many beans the jar contained. After 4 shouts of wildly wrong guesses,the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 5 answer, and went on saying, “You have just 6 an important lesson about science. That is: Never 7 your own senses.” Twenty years later, the 8 could guess

25、what the professor had in mind. He 9 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 10 into an unknowns world invisible（無形的）to the 11 , which can be discovered only through scientific 12 . But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 13 the invitation. She was just 14 to

26、 understand the world .And she 15 that her firsthand experience could be the 16 . The professor, however, said that it was 17 . He was taking away her only 18 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute（替代）. “I remember feeling small and 19 .” The woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 20 the course the afternoon, and I havent gone near science since.”原詞重現(xiàn) 1Aar