If引導的兩種從句(賓語從句和條件狀語從句)

1、重點、難點1. 含有 if 引導的條件狀語從句的復合句中主從句的時態(tài)。2. If 引導的賓語從句與條件狀語從句的區(qū)別?？记榉治鐾ǔＴ趩雾椷x擇、完形填空或補全、完成句子等題型中考查，分值約 34 分。知能提升一知識講解【認知講解 】I. if 引導的賓語從句 if 引導賓語從句時，意思為：是否，從句的時態(tài)通常要和主句保持一致。 【例句】I want to know if he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在那兒。He asked me if I could help him. 他問我是否能幫他。 【考查點】 if 、whether 引導的賓語從句的區(qū)別1. if 或 whether

2、 引導賓語從句時，作“是否講，常放在動詞ask、see、say、 know 和 findout 等后面。一般情況下，兩者常可換用，在口語中多用 if ?！纠洹縉obody knows whether / if it will rain tomorrow. 沒有人知道明天是否下雨。Lucy asked whether / if they had a cotton sweater. 露西問他們是否有棉制的毛衣。2. if或whether引導賓語從句時，要注意三個方面，即連詞、語序和時態(tài)。if 或 whether 既不能和 that 或其他連詞副詞同時使用，也不能省略。 【例句】 我不知道他今天是

3、否會來。誤 I don 't know that if(whether) he will come here today.正 I don 't know if(whether) he will come here today.他走過來看看貓是否出了毛病。誤 He came to see what if (whether) there was anything wrong with his cat .正 He came to see if (whether) there was anything wrong with his cat .if 或 whether 引導賓語從句時，雖

4、具有疑問的意義，但其從句應用陳述句的語序。 【例句】Did you know the way to the hospital? The old woman asked me.The old woman asked me if / whether I knew the way to the hospital. 老婦人問我是否知道去醫(yī)院的路。if 或 whether 引導的賓語從句應和主句的時態(tài)保持一致。即主句為一般現(xiàn)在時，從句用 任一種時態(tài)；主句為一般過去時，從句那么用過去時中的任一種時態(tài)?！纠洹縄 don ' t know if (whether) he has come here.

5、 我不知道他是否來過這兒。Tom asked if (whether) I had read the book. 湯姆問我是否看過這本書。3. 只能用 whether 的情況 在動詞不定式之前只能用whether ：【例句】I can ' t decide whether to stay. 我不能決定是否留下。在whetheror not的固定搭配中：【例句】I want to know whether it's good news or not.我想知道它是不是好消息。在介詞后，只能用 whether：【例句】His father is worried about wheth

6、er he loses his work. 他的父親擔憂他是否會失去工作。用 if 會引起歧義時：【例句】Could you tell me if you know the answer? 這句話有兩種意思：“你能告訴我你是否知道答案嗎？或“如果你知道答案，請告訴我，好嗎？ 。 如用 whether 那么可防止歧義?！究碱}鏈接】I don 't know they could pass the exam or not.A. whyB. ifC. that D. whether答案： D解題思路：此題考查if與whether的區(qū)別，在 whetheror not的固定搭配中通常只用 wh

7、ether。II. if 引導的條件狀語從句1. 含義 條件狀語從句是在復合句中作條件狀語的句子。 表示假設有從句的動作發(fā)生就會有主句的動作發(fā)生，條件狀語從句常由附屬連詞if 引導?！纠洹縔ou will catch the bus if you get up early. 如果你早起的話，就能趕上公共汽車。2. 類別主祈從現(xiàn) ：主句是 祈使句 , 從句是由 if 引導的使用 一般現(xiàn)在時 的句子。 【例句】If you want to go, please tell me. 如果你想去，請告訴我。 Print the photo if you like it.如果你喜歡這照片就把它打印出來。

8、主將從現(xiàn)： 指 if 引導的條件狀語從句用 一般現(xiàn)在時 ，主句用 一般將來時 。 【例句】If it doesn 't rain tomorrow, we 'llgo to the Great Wall. 如果明天不下雨，我們就會去長城。If you don 'tget up early, you will be late for school. 如果你不早點起床，你上學就會遲到。3. if 引導的條件狀語從句用法： 1位置 if 引導的條件狀語從句， 既可放在主句之前也可放在主句之后。 當從句置于主句之前時， 常用逗號與主句隔開?！纠洹縔ou will catch

9、the bus if you get up early. =If you get up early, you will catch the bus. 如果你早起的話，就能趕上公共汽車。 2時態(tài) 應遵循主、從句時態(tài)照應的原那么。 當主句是一般現(xiàn)在時 包含祈使句和含情態(tài)動詞 can, may, must 等的句子 ，從句也用一 般現(xiàn)在時?！纠洹縔ou must see the doctor if you are ill. 如果你生病了，你必須去看醫(yī)生。If you want to go skating, wear warm clothes. 如果你想去溜冰，穿上暖和的衣服。 如果主句是一般將來時

10、，從句必須用一般現(xiàn)在時?！纠洹縔ou will be late for school if you get up late. 如果你起晚了，你上學將遲到。If it rains tomorrow, we won ' t go to the Great Wall. 如果明天下雨，我們就不去長城了。3在 if 引導的條件狀語從句中， 當主句是一般將來時時， 不能使用 be going to 結構， 而要用 will ?！纠洹縄 ' ll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow. 如果明天我有空，我會幫助你學英語。4在if

11、引導的條件狀語從句中不能使用some,而要用any?！纠洹縄f you have any questions to ask, please come to my office. 如果你有問題要問的話，請到我辦公室來。 5同義句轉換if 引導的條件狀語從句可轉換成簡單句，其方法如下：*借助"祈使句+and/ or+簡單句結構。其中and表示句意順承，or表示句意轉折?！纠洹縄f you work hard, you 'll pass the exam. =Work hard, and you 'lalpss the exam.如果你努力學習，你就會通過考試。If y

12、ou don 't hurry up, you 'll be late.= Hurry up, or you ' ll be late. 如果你不快點，你將會遲到。* 借助介詞 with 或 without 來轉換?！纠洹縄f you help me, I' ll finish my job soon.=With your help, I' ll finish my job soon.如果你幫我，我將很快完成我的工作。If there is no water, fish may die. = Fish may die without water. 如果

13、沒有水，魚可能會死。另外， if 從句還表示不可實現(xiàn)的條件或根本不可能存在的條件，即一種虛擬的條件或假設。從句多用一般過去時或過去完成時，表示對現(xiàn)在或過去的一種假設?！纠洹縄f I were you ， I would invite him to the party 如果我是你，我會邀請他參加聚會。I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic 要不是交通堵塞，我會來得更早一些。4. 口訣： if 條件句不一般，幾個要點記心間； 條件句，放在前，逗號要放句中間。 條件句表可能，主句多用將來時；

14、 條件句表事實，主句常用現(xiàn)在時。III. If 引導的賓語從句和條件狀語從句的區(qū)別if 引導條件狀語從句時意為 “如果，引導賓語從句時意為 “是否，可用 whether 替換。 【例句】1) We will go out if it is fine tomorrow. 如果 明天天好，我們就出去。2) I don ' t knoifwthe train has arrived. 我不知道火車 是否 已經到達。 句 1) 中 if 引導的是狀語從句。這個從句表示“條件 。句2)中if引導的是賓語從句，充當謂語動詞don' t know的賓語。【考題鏈接】ll tell youI

15、don ' t know he will come tomorrow. he comes, I'A. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; If答案： D 解題思路： 第一個空處為賓語從句的引導詞，用if、w hether 都可以；第二個空為條件狀語從句的引導詞，需用 if,綜合考慮，D項正確。二提分技巧1. 熟練掌握 if 引導的賓語從句與條件狀語從句的特點。2. 熟知 if 引導的賓語從句與條件狀語從句引導詞的區(qū)別。三即學即練I. 句型轉換1. Do they want fried chicken? He asked

16、 the boys.( 改為賓語從句 )He asked the boystheyfried chicke n.2. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don ' know.(改為賓語從句)I don ' knowthe watchmade in Shanghai.3. “ D(you want to try something new?Tom' sother asked him.(同義句轉換 )Tom' mother asked himto try something new.答案：1. if / whether, wan t

17、ed2. if / whether, was 3. if / whether he wan tedII. 用括號中所給動詞的適當形式填空1. If it(not rain tomorrow,(let) us go shopp ing.2. Please(tell)me if you(go).3. If you(be)ill, you(have)to see the doctor.4. I(leave)for Beiji ng if it(not snow) this after noon.答案：1. doesn'train, let 2. tell, go 3. are, have 4

18、. will leave, doesn 'tsnowIII. 將以下句子翻譯成英語。1. 如果明天不下雨，我就和同學們去野餐。2. 如果周日你去購物的話，我就去。3. 如果你想減肥lose weight，就鍛煉身體吧。4. 如果冬天來了，春天還會遠嗎？5. 如果可能的話，我就去火車站接你。答案：1. If it doesn ' t rain tomorrow, I will have ic piilh my classmates.2. I will go shopp ing on Sun day if you do.3. Take some exercise if you wa

19、nt to lose weight.4. If win ter comes, can spri ng be far beh ind?5. If (it is) possible, I' ll meet you at the train station.下學期期中復習一、預習新知Module 1-Module 5重點根底知識、預習點撥思考問題一：能否先把這 5個模塊的重點單詞、短語、語法整理一下?思考問題二：我們已經學習了哪些語法？哪些還是你比擬薄弱的？答題時間:45分鐘、用所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. If you (feel) tired, you (have) to have a

20、rest.2. Where he (see) the film if he (have) time?3. If there (be) fewer trees, there (be) more pollution.4. He (dress) more casually if he (not work) on weekends.5. If Marcia (live) alone, she (keep) a pet parrot.6. Lana (buy) a new dress if the old one (be) out of style.7. The twins (fight) if the

21、y(argue).8. I (have) a bake sale if I (need) money for education.9. Peter (send) me a beautiful souvenir if he (tour) Spain.10. If Mr Green (say) I am hard- working, my parents (feel) glad.11.I (go) to the beach if it (not rain) this week.12. they (have) a match if the P.E. teacher (be) busy?13. He

22、(write) a letter to his grandparents if he (get) his report card this week.14. If she (get) up late, she (not catch) the early bus.15. Peter (major) in English if he (pass) the exams in Peking University.二、完成句子每空一詞 。1. 如果你要過馬路，不要亂跑。 around if you cross the road.2. 明天如果下雨的話，我們將呆在家里。We at home if it t

23、omorrow.3. 如果你能說好英語的話，你就可以容易地與外國人交談。If you can English well, you foreigners easily.4. 如果你對別人好，人們也會對你好。If you ' re nice to people, they to you, too.5. 如果學生不對考試如此擔憂的話，他們會更開心的。If students don' t worry about exams so much, th_e_y_ .6. 他如果電視看太多了，他的父母會不快樂。If he TV too much, his parents unhappy.7.

24、如果我們?yōu)樗M織生日聚會，大家都會來的。Everyone if we a birthday party him.8. 如果明天不下雨，我會和你一起去公園的。If it tomorrow, I go to the park you.9. 如果他有空，他會幫助你的。If he , he you.10. 如果 Tom 考試不及格，他就沒有時機上高中了。Tom have the to go to the senior high school if he theexams.三、同義句轉換。1. Study hard, or you won' t pass the exam.If you stud

25、y hard, you the exam.2. Take a taxi, and you' ll catch the train. you a taxi, you' ll catch the train.3. If you go to bed early, you won' t feel tirednign. the morni early, you won' t feel tired in the morning.4. If you don' t work hard, your teacher will probably be angry. , you

26、r teacher will probably be angry.5. Breathe deeply for one minute, and you' ll feel relaxed. you deeply for one minute, you relaxed.四、閱讀下面的廣告，然后用“ if., .will. 的句式答復以下問題。 Travel BrochureCheap Cheap Cheap. Beijing for the weekend. 3D/2N. Book Now. Five Star Hotel Save 50%Four Star Hotel Save 40%Th

27、ree Star Hotel Save 30%Book before December 31st. Breakfast Included.City Tour 50RMB. Visit the Great Wall 100 RMB.1. How much will you save if you stay at the Four Star Hotel?2. How much will you save if you stay at the Three Star Hotel?3. What will happen if you book after December 31st?4. How muc

28、h will you have to pay if you want to go on the City Tour?5. How much will you have to pay if you want to visit the Great Wall?五、單項選擇1. If you to the party, you' ll have a great time.A. will goB. wentC. goD.going2. It will be a long time _ Peter his work.A. since, has finishedB. after, finishesC

29、. when, will finishD.before, finishes3. What will father us from Japan?A. takeB. bringC. carryD.make4. Weifang is famous _ kites.A. forB. toC. onD.with5. I her the answerif she me.A. can tell, will askB. will tell, will askC. would tell, askD. will tell, asks6. What are you going to do tomorrow? We&

30、#39; ll go to the library tomorrow if it _C. won ' t rainD. doesn ' t rainA. isn ' t rainB. rain7. Do you know when he will come back tomorrow? Sorry, I don ' t know. When he back, I ' ll tell you.8. What will you do if youto the old folk 's home visit?A. goB. wentC. goingD.w

31、ill go9. If I eatfood, I'll be very fat.A. too manyB. many tooC. too muchD.much too10. I ' ll give the book to him if hehere next Sun day.A. will comeB. comesC. is comi ngD.came11. Therean En glish film in our school tomorrow.A. is going to haveB. will haveC. is going to beD.hasA. comesB. wi

32、ll comeC. comeD. may come12. Could you tell us where ?A. will the n ext Olympic Games heldB. the n ext Olympic Games will be heldC. would the next Olympic Games be heldD. the n ext Olympic Games would be held13. Whe n my mother retur ned last ni ght, Ia book.A. readB. am readi ngC.was read ingD. am going to read14. Whatyouwhe n it bega n to rain?A. do, doB. were, doingC.are, doingD. di