牛津高中英語模塊五單元語言點

1、牛津高中英語模塊五語言點Unit1Gettingalongwithothers一、Reading1.betray:vt.背叛,出賣,泄露betraysthtosb:向某人出賣/泄露betrayoneself:露出原形betrayal:bitre?h.背叛 Hewouldratherdiethanbetraythedocumenttotheenemy. Shesaidshewassorry,buthereyesbetrayedhersecretdelight.她說她很難過，但她的眼神里卻露出她內心的喜悅。 anactofbetrayal:背叛的行為2. (Page2,Lines8-9)Imust

2、havesoundedquiz,sayinghoweasyitwas.musthavedone:一定做過sayinghoweasyitwas”為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示伴隨狀態(tài)。3.Jfailsth:未能通過Lfailtodosth:未能做 IfailedmydrivingtestthefirsttimeItookit. Heneverfailstowritetohismothereveryweek.4.rpretendsth:假裝，扮作pretendtodosth:假裝做Ipretendthat:假裝 Hepretendedillnessasanexcuse. Tompretendedtober

3、eadingabookwhentheteachercamein. Shepretendedthatshewasnotathomewhenwerangthebell.5.admit(admitted;admitting):vt.(1)承認fadmit(doing)sth:承認做，admitthat:承認admitsbtobe+n/adj:承認某人是 Headmittedhavingstolenthatcar./Headmittedthathehadstolenthecar. Wealladmithimtobeafool.(2)允許進入，接受，錄取admitsbto/intosth:允許進入 Ea

4、chticketadmitstwopeopletotheparty. TomhasbeenadmittedintoPekingUniversity.6.beg(sb)todosth:懇請(某人)做jbeg(sb)forsth:懇請(某人)beg(for)sth:乞討 Ibegyounottakeanyrisks. Hebeggedherforforgiveness. Johnwassopoorthathehadtobegmoneyfrompassers-by.7. keeponessecret:保守秘密keeponesword/promise:遵守諾言-breakonesword/promis

5、e:違背諾言8. (Page2,Line18)paperthatsaidsay:vt.寫到，表明；顯示read:vt.寫著；指示，顯示 Theclocksaiditwas7:30. Inoticedasignreading/sayingNoParking!”.9. swear(swore,sworn):vt.&vi.(1) 發(fā)誓，宣誓Jsweartodosth:發(fā)誓做Wwearthat:發(fā)誓 Monasworenevertoreturntohome. Victorsworethathewouldgethisrevenge(復仇).(2) 咒罵，詛咒swearatsb:咒罵Rich(里奇)tri

6、ppedoveradogandsworeatit.10. spyonsth:監(jiān)視/窺探ThesedaysIhavebeenspyingontheenemysmovements.11. focus:vt.&vi.集中注意力于；(使)聚焦n.焦點，重點ffocussthonsth:集中于Lfocusonsth:集中注意 Therecentwaveofbombinghasfocusedpublicattentiononthearea. Iwassotiredtofocusonanything. Thefocusoftheconferenceisonenvironmentalissues.12. ma

7、nner:n.方式；舉止，態(tài)度Cmanners:n.(1)禮貌，禮儀(2)風俗，習慣inthismanner:用這種方式jtablemanners:餐桌禮儀tsgood/badmannerstodosth:做有/無*L貌 Heobjectedinaforcefulmanner.他堅決反對。 Itsbadmannerstotalkwithyourmouthfull.滿嘴都是食物說話不禮貌。13. guilty:adj.內疚的，有罪的_Tbe/feelguiltyabout(doing)sth:因為而內疚beguiltyofsth:犯罪 Ifeelguiltyaboutnotvisitinghim

8、often. Hewasfoundguilty.他被判有罪。 Theboyswereguiltyoftheft.這些男孩犯盜竊罪。14. remark:n.&v.談論，評論，談到makearemarkaboutsb:議論Jmakenoremark:不加評論remarkonsth:談論remarkthat:談到，說起 Shecouldhearothersweremakingruderemarksabouther. Icouldnthelpremarkingonheryouth.我脫口而出說她那么年輕。 Theboyswereguiltyoftheft.這些男孩犯盜竊罪。 Criticsremar

9、kedthattheplaywasnotoriginal.評論家指出該劇缺乏創(chuàng)意。15. arguewithsbabout/oversth:因為與某人爭吵arguethat:認為arguesbinto/outofdoingsth:說服某人(不)做argument:n.爭論；爭吵；爭議；論點；論據(jù) Wearearguingwitheachotherovertheholidayexpenses. Hearguedthatmoreimportanceshouldbeattachedtothereformofthecriminals. Theyarguedhimintowithdrawinghisco

10、mplaint.他們說服他撤回了投訴。16. (apologizetosbforsth:因為向某人道歉makeanapologytosbforsth:Weapologizeforthelatedepartureofthisflight.17. besensitivetosb:(1)對體貼(2)對敏感 Shehasbeensensitivetohishusbandsincetheygotmarried. Awritermustntbetoosensitivetocriticism.作家不可對批評意見反映過激。18. blame:vt.責備，指責n.責任，責備，指責Ublamesbfor(doin

11、g)sth:因為責備某人Vblamesthonsb:把歸咎于sbbetoblameforsth:某人因為應受責備taketheblame:承擔責任 Abadworkmanblameshistools.拙匠埋怨工具差。 Teachersalwaysblamethestudentsfortheirrudebehaviors. Youshouldnotblameyourfailureonthedifficultyofthepaper. ItisIwhoamtoblameforthemistake. YoucantexpectJerrytotakealltheblame.佳句背誦：1. Notunti

12、lthendidIrealizethevalueoffriends.2. Iwillappreciateitifyoucangivemeahandtosolvethisproblem.3. Beingpoliteisthemostimportantsteptodeveloprelationshipamongfriends.4. WhatIwanttostressisthateachofusshouldobeythetrafficrules.典型句式：1.When+分詞省略結構Whenasked,theyusuallyhesitatebeforeresponding-2.So引導的倒裝Footb

13、allisveryimportanttome,butsoisourfriendship.3.Musthavedonesth.表示對過去發(fā)生某事情的肯定推測Imusthavesoundedveryproudofmyselfafterthequiz.二、Project1. theattitudetowardssth:對于的態(tài)度Whatisyourattitudetowardsyourschoolwork?2. anchor:v.（1）扎根于；（2）拋錨，停船；（3）固定n.錨，支柱rdrop/castanchor:拋錨Lbeanchoredinsth:扎根于 Theybroughttheboati

14、ntotheharboranddroppedanchor.他們把船開進海港下錨停泊。 Weanchoredthetentwithpegs.我們用樁子固定帳篷。 Literaturemustbeanchoredonourlife. Homeishisanchorwhenheisawayonbusiness.3. becautiousaboutsth:對小心/謹慎cautiousness:n.小心/謹慎UThesepeoplearecautiousaboutspendingmoney.這些人用錢仔田。4. beeagertodosth:急于做Ibeeagerforsth:急于/渴望 Clara（克

15、萊拉）waseagertotellhersideofthestory.克萊拉急于講述她對那件事的看法。 Shewaseagerforsuccess.5. respond:vi.作出反應；回答respondtosth/respondthat:對.作出反應；回答 Sherespondedtomyletterwithaphonecall. Thedoctorrespondedthathecouldnttellthenameofthedisease.6. response:n.反應；回應；答復inresponsetosth:以回應makeresponsetosth:回應makenoresponse:不

16、作回答 Thelawswerepassedinresponsetopublicpressure. Hemadenoresponsetomyquestion.7. regardless:adv.（1）不管怎樣；無論如何（用在句末）（2）regardlessofsth:不管，不顧 Yougetalotofcriticism,butyouhavetocarryonregardless. Allourproposalswererejectedregardlessoftheirmerits（價值，優(yōu)點）.8. endup:結果為；以.結束endup+介詞短語/adj/doing Ifyoucontinu

17、etosteal,youwillendupinprison.你要是繼續(xù)行竊，終歸得進監(jiān)獄。 Ifhecarriesondrivinglikethat,hellendupdead.他照那樣開車，早晚得丟命。 Becausehehadmadefullpreparationsfortheinterview,heendedupworkinginthecompany.9.becommittedtosth/sb:;忠于 Thisdevelopmentareaiscommittedtocreatingaperfectinvestmentenvironment.這個開發(fā)區(qū)致力于創(chuàng)造一個完美的投資環(huán)境。 She

18、wasstronglycommittedtoherjob,apolicewomanbyeminence.10.quarrelwithsbaboutsth:她非常忠于職守，一個卓越的女警。因為與某人吵架haveaquarrelwithsbaboutsth:Wearentgoingtoquarrelwitheachotheraboutafewdollars.11. inconclusion/toconclude:總之Inconclusion,Idliketothankyouforallyouvedoneforme.最后，我要感謝你們?yōu)槲宜龅囊磺小?2.mercy:n.仁慈，憐憫，寬容atthem

19、ercyofsb:任由擺布憐憫某人Cmercytosb:mercyonsb:leavesbtothemercy/merciesofsb:任憑某人受擺布 Theywerelostatsea,atthemercyofwindandweather. Theterroristsshowednomercytherefugees(難民). Hewontleavethecattothemercyoftheboy.13.getthrough:vt.完成；通過；批準通過getthroughtosb/sth:到達；接通的電話 getthroughatask/anexam. Millionsofrefugeeswi

20、lldieifthesesuppliesdontgetthroughtothem. Withgreatefforts,Ifinallygotthroughtothemanager.14.acquaintance:n.(1)熟人；泛泛之交C(2)認識，了解U,Cmakeone怎acquaintance:幺士識Lmaketheacquaintanceofsb:ofonesacquaintance:所認識/理解的onfirstacquaintance:初次相見時 Iamdelightedtomakeyouracquaintance. acertainlawyerofmyacquaintance. E

21、venonfirstacquaintance,wecouldseehewasnttherighttype.初次見面就看出他不是對路子的人。佳句背誦1. Asweallknow,environmentalprotectionhasbecomeoneofthecurrenthottopics.2. Itishightimeforustotakemeasurestopreventtheearthfromgettingwarm.3. Thestudentshaveformedthehabitofpickingupthelitterthattheyseeintheschool.典型句式1.現(xiàn)在分詞短語做

22、結果狀語Othertypesofwasteflowintoourwater,killingriverandsealife.2. 倍數(shù)+what引導的名詞性從句Theworldspopulationhasgrownbysixtimeswhatiswasin1800.3. Itsclearthat-Itsclearthatyouareveryconcernedaboutthepresentsituationofourenvironment.4. Nor位于句首引導部分倒裝ThisisnotgoodnewsforthepeoplewhorelyontheYangtzeRiverforwater.No

23、risitgoodnewsforthewiderangeoffishandwildlifethatliveinoralongtheriver.Unit2Theenvironment一、Reading1. debate:vt.&n.辯論，爭論，討論Cdebatesthwithsb:與爭論/討論openadebate:展開討論underdebate:在討論/辯論中debater:辯論者 Weopenedaheateddebateaboutthebill（議案）withthem. Thewholequestionofcompensation（賠償）isstillunderdebate.2. floo

24、r:發(fā)言權openthefloor:自由發(fā)言takethefloor:開始發(fā)言havethefloor:有發(fā)言權 Thepresidentthentookthefloorandansweredthejournalistsquestions. Thesenator（參議員）havenofloorinthedebate.3.Atimes+what從句：幾倍于Thecompanycanproduce10timeswhatitdidlastyear.4. cutbackonsth:減少,削減Wemustcutbackonthewastetosavetheenvironment.5. ；haveadut

25、ytodosth:有義務/責任做Jbeonduty/offduty:值班/下班Localcouncilorshaveadutytoservethecommunity.地方議員有義務為社區(qū)服務。6. begreedyforsth:貪圖Asweknow,thecorruptofficialsarealwaysgreedyformoneyandfame.7. credit:n.（1）贊揚，認可（2）信用（3）學分C（4）存款U;借款Ccreditable:/kredit?bladj.值得贊揚的，可信的acreditableattemptgivesbcredittosb:贊揚/認可Lbeincredi

26、t:有存款Youshouldgivehimsomecreditforalltheeffortshehasputin.Therearenobankchargesifyoustayindebt. Thedramacourseshouldgivemeenoughcreditstofinishmydegree.8.alargequantityof+nU,C:許多的（作主語，謂語動詞根據(jù)該結構中的名詞形式變化）Largequantitiesof+nU,C:許多的(作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式) Alargequantityofmoneyhasbeenspentontheresearch. Alargequ

27、antityofbooksweredonatedtothesechildren. Largequantitiesoftime/carswerewasted.9. askaround:四處打聽Iwillaskaroundandseeifanyonecanhelp.10.pump:vt.(1)用泵輸送；(2)給打氣；(3)傾注，灌注(into)vi.涌出；涌流n.泵，抽水機，打氣筒pumpsth+介詞+n Theheartpumpsbloodaroundthebody. Pumpairintoatyre. Hepumpedplentyoffundsintothenewproject.他向新工程傾注

28、了大量的資金。 Bloodwaspumpingoutofhisbellylikeafountain.血像噴泉似的從他腹部涌出。11.sthrunout:用光runoutofsth:用光usesthup:用光 Letshurry,ourtimeisrunningout. Wehaveranoutofwhatwehadathand.12. responsibility:n.(1)責任U(2)義務Cftakeresponsibilityforsth:對負責Lhavearesponsibilitytodosth:有義務做 Hetookfullresponsibilityfororganizingsuc

29、hanactivity. Everyonehasaresponsibilitytotryoutmoremethodsinhisstudy.二、Grammar1. 動詞+it+when/if從句：enjoy,like,dislike,love,hate,prefer,appreciate等動詞后接if從句或when從句，通常應先在動詞后接it作形式賓語。It指代if從句或when從句所敘述的內容。例如： Shewontlikeitifyouarrivelate.她不喜歡你退到。 Hehatesitwhenpeopleusehisbike.他討厭別人用他的自行車。 Idislikeitwhenyo

30、uwhistle.我不愛聽你吹口哨。 IpreferitifIdidnthavedosomuch我橋必做那么多工作，那就太好了。 Iwouldappreciateitverymuchifyouwouldhelpmewithit.如果你能幫助我做這事，我會十分感激。2. impress:vt.(1)使印象深刻，打動_Timpresssbwithsth:用打動某人/給某人留下印象Lbeimpressedby/withsth:因為被打動/而留下印象 Heimpressedherwithhissincerity(真誠). Iwasdeeplyimpressedbyhisstory.(2)使銘記，銘刻i

31、mpresssthonsb/impressonsbsth:使某人銘記；銘亥V在上 Themanagerimpressedonhisofficestafftheimportanceofkeepingaccuraterecords.經(jīng)理讓辦公室職員銘記做精確記錄的重要性。 Hiswordsimpressthemselvesonmymemory.他的話銘亥V在我的記憶里。3. impression:n.印象，感想firstimpression:第一印象makeanimpressiononsb:給留下印象beundertheimpressionthat:原以為，誤認為Firstimpressionca

32、nbedeceptive（騙人的）.Itwastheirdeterminationthatmadeadeepimpressiononme. Iwasundertheimpressionthatyouwerecomingtomorrow.我原以為你明天才來。4. conflict:vi.沖突，抵觸n.沖突，矛盾conflictwithsth:與抵觸/沖突-beinconflictwithsth:與抵觸/沖突Theiraccount（才苗述）oftheeventconflictedwithours.Armedconflictislikelytobreakoutbetweenthetwocountr

33、ies. Theydonthavereligiousbeliefs（宗教信彳印）thatwouldbeinconflictwithLinaschoice.5. opening:n.開口，孑L,洞開始，開端theopeningofabook/aspeech開張，開業(yè)theopeningofthenewsportscenter6.drill:v.鉆孔，打眼n.訓練，練習drillforoil:鉆井探油TheyaredrillinganewtunnelundertheThames.他們正在泰晤士河底下鉆一條新隧道。fire-drill:消防演習 pronunciationdrills:發(fā)音練習7.

34、atanationlevel:從國家方面Atthenationallevel,JamaicasdisastermanagementprogramismanagedbytheNationalDisasterCommittee（NDC）anditssixsub-committees.8.inflames:在烈焰中，燃燒著Thewholebuildingwentupinflames.整棟建筑物在大火中燒毀。Theairplaneswereshotdowninflames.飛機被擊中起火墜落。佳句背誦1. SointerestingisthisbookthatIwouldliketoreaditaga

35、in.2. Collectingstampsnotonlygivesmesatisfaction,butalsohelpsmerelaxmyselfunderthegreatpressurefromstudies.3. Myparentsthinkthatplayingbasketballtakestoomuchtimeandenergy,whicharesupposedtobespentonstudy.典型句式1. while引導讓步狀語從句Whilecloninghumanembryosisnotlegalinmanycountries,somescientistsarealreadypu

36、shingaheadwithresearchinordertoproduceaclonedhumanbaby.2. ratherthan平行結構Manydevelopedcountriesarenowconcernedaboutsavingnatureratherthandevelopingordestroyingit.3. 否定詞+比較級的形式表示最高級Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)foodHehasneverspentamoreworryingday.三、Project1. raiseconcern:弓I起關注在國內外2.

37、 |nationallyandinternationally-athomeandabroadThegreatfireraisedgreatconcernnationallyandinternationally.3.range:n.范圍；一系列；山脈；靶場，射擊場vi.(在范圍內)變化(2)包括(3)排列rarangeofsth:一系歹U-.awide/broad/wholerangeofsth:各種各樣的rangefromsthtosth/rangebetweensthandsth:在與之間變化in/withinrange(ofsth):在(的)范圍內outofrange(ofsth):超出(

38、的)范圍；在(的)范圍以外 Wehavestudentsfromawiderangeofbackground.我們的學生來自各種不同的背景。 Shehaddifferentplentyofjobs,rangingfromcheftoswimminginstructor. ThegreatmountainrangeoftheAlps:雄偉的阿爾卑斯山脈。 ariflerange:步槍靶場 Thecatstayedwelloutofrangeofthechildren.這只貓離孩子們遠遠的。4. putsthindanger:使危險Corruptionwillmakethedamindangerw

39、henheavyfloodoccurs.5.in/withregardtosthregardingconcerning Ihavenothingtosaywithregardtoyourcomplaints. Shesaidnothingregardingyourrequest. Wereadstoriesconcerningvisitorsfromouterspace.6. beunderway:進行中Theplanisnowwellunderway.7. appreciate:vt.欣賞；感激；理解Iwouldappreciateit+if從句：如果,我將不勝感激。appreciation

40、:?pri:?i?ei?nn.欣賞，感激appreciative:?pri:?i?eitivadj.有欣賞力的，感激的beappreciativeofsth:感激 Hisabilitywasfullyappreciatedbyhisemployer. Iwouldappreciateitifyouwouldturnthemusicdown. Toshowourappreciationforyourwork,wedliketogiveyouabonus. Immostappreciativeofyourgenerosity.8. letoff:vt.(1)寬恕，不懲罰(2)放(槍等)，使爆炸 T

41、heyletusoff. Theboyswerelettingofffireworks.9. publictransport:公共交通10. (Page39,Line20)Youshouldfindwaystousethemagainwithoutthrowingthemaway.without=insteadof11. absorb:vt.吸收，理解，使全神貫注beabsorbedinsth:專心于 Plantsabsorbnutrientsfromsoil. Cleverchildrenabsorbknowledgeeasily. Absorbedinhisstudy,hedidntnot

42、iceIcamein.12. doonespart:盡的職責Everyoneshoulddohisparttomakecontributionsforhismotherland.Unit3Scienceandnature一、Reading1. (Page42,Line3)pointoutthatifyoucloneanembryo,youcanproduce當賓語從句是主從復合句，而且從句在前時，that不可以省略；當賓語從句后的主從復合句中的從句在后時，that可以省略。例如：FatherpromisedthatifIstudiedharderhewouldtakemetoBeijing.F

43、atherpromised(that)hetakemetoBeijingifIstudiedharder.2. beononeswaytodoingsth:就快Heiswellonhiswaytobecominganofficerofthecompany.他就快當上公司的高官了。3. intention:n.意圖，目的，打算withtheintentionofsth:懷著的意圖有意做havetheintentionofdoingsth:Lhavetheintentiontodosth: Hewenttothelibrarywiththeintentionoffindingsomevaluabl

44、ebooks. Wehavenointentionofdesertingthelandwehaveoccupied.4. adopt:vt.領養(yǎng)，收養(yǎng)采用，采納adopted:adj.領養(yǎng)的，過繼的adoption:n.領養(yǎng)，收養(yǎng)采用，采納Havingnochildrenoftheirown,theydecidedtoadoptanorphan(孤JL). adoptedson:養(yǎng)子 adoptonesadvice.5. (Page42,Line24)IfIhadthechance,Iwouldhave虛擬條件句:從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反If+主語+過去式主語+would/should/coul

45、d/might+do與過去事實相反If+主語+haddone主語+would/should/could/might+havedone與將來事實相反If+主語+過去式If+主語+should(萬一)doIf+主語+weretodo主語+would/should/could/might+do IfIwereyou,Ishouldtellhimthetruth. IfIhadmoneylasttime,Iwould/should/could/mighthaveboughtacar. Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved. Ifheweretoleavetoday,h

46、eshouldgettherebyFriday.6. pushaheadwithsth:努力推進Aftercarefulconsideration,theydecidedtopushaheadwiththeconstructionofthetrainstation.7. consequence:n.后果Casaconsequenceofsth:由于Thesealevelhasrisenalotasaconsequenceofglobalwarming.8. beinagreementwithsb:同意Areweinagreementwiththeprice?9. onapersonalnote

47、:個人認為-ona+adj+note:以的語氣/論調 Heendedhisspeechtohisemployeesonahumorousnote. Onamoreserousnote,themanagermentionedtheaccidentlastmonth.二、Grammar1. makeabreakthrough:取得突破Theyhavemadeagreatbreakthroughinscientificresearch.2. burnout:(1)vt.燒光，燒壞；使累垮 Thehotelwascompletelyburntout. Ifhedoesnstopworkingsohar

48、d,hellburnhimselfout.(2)vi.燃盡,燒壞 Thefireburntoutbeforethefiremenarrived. Theclutch(離合器)hasburntoutduetoexcessiveheat.離合器因為過熱而失靈。三、Task1. withreferencetosth:關于Withreferencetoyourrecentadvertisement,Imwritingtorequestfurtherdetails.關于貴方最近的廣告，現(xiàn)特函查詢詳情。2. inreplytosth:答復ImwritinginreplytoyourletterofJuly

49、,1.如果你能，我方感激不盡3. _TIwouldbegratefulifyoucouldLIwouldappreciateitifyoucouldWewouldbemostgratefulifyoucouldconfirmthesearrangementsimmediately.如果貴方能立即確認這些安排，我方將感激不盡。4. followinonesfootsteps:效仿某人Myfatherwasajazzplayer,andIwantedtofollowinhisfootsteps.5. conduct:vt.（1）進行（2）指揮（3）傳導（4）行為表現(xiàn)conductoneselfwe

50、ll/badly:行為表現(xiàn)好/壞conductor:n.樂隊指揮；售票員；列車長；導體 asurveyconductedbyProfessorJohnson:由約翰遜教授進行的調查 conductaband:指揮一個樂隊 Copperconductselectricitybetterthanothermaterialsdo. Heconductedhimselffarbetterthanexpected.6. majority:n.多數(shù)，大多數(shù)amajorityof+n（復數(shù)）:大多數(shù)（作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式）Aclearmajorityofvoterswereinfavorofthemo

51、tion（動議）.絕大多數(shù)選民都贊成這一動議。themajority:大多數(shù)。它作主語時，如果強調整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；如果強調個體其中成員，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。Themajorityagree（s）withme.Themajorityof+nC/U:大多數(shù)。作主語時，謂語動詞根據(jù)該結構中的名詞形式變化。 Themajorityofpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceoflimitingpopulationgrowth. Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.Themajorityof+集合名詞：大多數(shù)。它作主語時，如果強調整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；如果強調個體/其中成員，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 Themajorityofthepopulationlive（s）inthecity. Themajorityofthecommitteehave/hasarrived.beinthemajority:占多數(shù)Menareinthemajor