2011年4月電大英語網(wǎng)考閱讀理解整理

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)閱讀理解Test（一）Passage 1The French Revolution broke out in 1789.At the time France was in a crisis.The government was badly run and peoples lives were miserable. King Louis XIV tried to control the national parliament and raise more taxes. But his effort failed. He ordered his troop

2、s to Versailles. The people thought that Louis intended to put down the Revolution by force. On July 14,1789, they stormed and took the Bastille, where political prisoners were kept. Ever since that day, July 14 has been the French National Day.Louis tried to flee the country in 1792, to get support

3、 from Austria and Prussia. However, he was caught and put in prison. In September 1792, the monarchy was abolished. In the same year, Louis was executed. A few months later his wife, Marie also had her head cut off. The Revolution of France had frightened the other kings of Europe. Armies from Austr

4、ia and Prussia began to march against France. The French raised republican armies to defend the nation.The revolution went through a period of terror. Thousands of people lost their lives. In the end, power passed to Napoleon Bonaparte. (190 words)法國大革命在 1789 年爆發(fā)。那段時期，法國陷入了危機(jī)。政府管理的很差，人民的生活非常悲慘。國王路易

5、4 世試圖控制國會并提高稅收。但是他的努力失敗了。他命令他的軍隊(duì)去凡爾塞。人們以為路易打算用武力鎮(zhèn)壓革命。在 1789 年 7 月 14 日，他們暴怒下攻占了巴士底獄。巴士底獄里關(guān)的都是些政治囚犯。自從那天起，7 月 14 日就成了法國的國慶日。路易 1792 年想從法國潛逃，想去得到奧地利和普魯士的支持。但是他被抓住了并被送進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。1792 年 9 月，君主制被廢除了。同年，路易被處死。幾個月后，他的其次瑪利 也被砍頭。法國大革命是歐洲的其他國王也受到驚嚇。奧地利和普魯士的絕對開始想法國進(jìn)軍。法國建立了共和黨軍隊(duì)來保衛(wèi)國家。這場革命經(jīng)歷了一段恐怖時期。成千上完的人丟了命。最后，權(quán)利移交給了

6、拿破倫 波拿巴C11. Whats this passage about?這篇文章是關(guān)于什么的？ A. France. B. King Louis. C. The French Revolution. 法國大革命 D. Europe.B12. Which did not happen in 1789? 1789 年什么事情沒有發(fā)生？ A. The French Revolution broke out.B. The national economy was developing rapidly. 國家經(jīng)濟(jì)快速增長C. The government wasnt well run.D. King

7、Louis XIV was in power.D13. Where were the political prisoners kept? 政治囚犯們被關(guān)在哪里？A. In Versailles.B. In Austria.C. In Prussia.D. In Bastille.巴士底獄D14.What does the underlined word “abolished” mean ? 被劃線的詞是什么意思A. Put off.B. Established.C. United.D. Ended. 廢除，結(jié)束D15. What was NOT the effect of the Revolu

8、tion? 那點(diǎn)不是法國大革命的影響？ A. July 14 has become the French National Day. B. It brought some impact on the other European kings. C. Louiss wife, Marie was killed. D. The king tried to control the national parliament. 國王試圖想控制國會。 Passage 2In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very ea

9、rly in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. If someone receives a call during s

10、leeping hours, he assumes its a matter of life or death. The time chosen for the 精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)call communicates its importance. In social life, time plays a very important part. In the U.S.A. guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended onl

11、y three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in diff

12、erent parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U.S. no one would think of keeping

13、a business associate waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence. (260 words)在美國，人們不習(xí)慣很早打電話給別人。如果你很早打電話給別人，而此時他正在刮胡子或者是吃早餐，這表明了這件事肯定是很重要，需要立即的注意。晚上 11 點(diǎn)以后的電話也意味真同樣的意思。如果友人在睡覺的時

14、候接到一個電話，他可能會設(shè)想這是有關(guān)于升死的。選擇打電話的時間表達(dá)了電話的重要性。在社會生活里，時間起著一個很重要的作用。在美國，如果客人收到晚宴的邀請只比宴會時間早了三，四天，他們往往回覺得他們沒有被尊重。但是不是所有的國家都是這樣的。在世界的其他地區(qū)，如果提前很多天預(yù)約的話，也許會被認(rèn)為是愚蠢的，因?yàn)槌^一個星期的提前預(yù)約很容易被忘掉。所以在世界不同的地區(qū)，時間的意義也是不同的。因此，不同文化的人對待時間的不同很容易產(chǎn)生誤會。準(zhǔn)時在美國生活中色被高度尊重的。比如說，如果人們不準(zhǔn)時，他們就被認(rèn)為是不禮貌或者不負(fù)責(zé)任。在美國，每人回想讓生意合作者等上一個小時，那太不禮貌了。如果一個人遲到了 5

15、 分鐘，他就會稍微解釋一下，盡管可能連一句完整的句子都不到。B16. What is the main idea of this passage? _這篇文章主要講什么的A. It is not customary to telephone someone in the morning and in sleeping hours in the U.S.B. The role of time in social life over the world. 時間在世界上各個社會生活的作用C. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impo

16、lite or not fully responsible in the U.S.D. Not every country treats the concept of time as the same.B17. What does it mean in the passage if you call someone during his or her sleeping hours? _如果在別人睡覺時間打電話給他，那意味著什么？A. A matter of work.B. A matter of life or death. 有關(guān)于生死的事情C. You want to see him or

17、her.D. You want to make an appointment with him or her.B18. Which of the following time is proper if you want to make an appointment with your friend?如果你想跟你的朋友預(yù)約，下列哪個時間比較合適A. at 7:00 am. B. at 4:00 pm.下午 4 點(diǎn) C. at the midnight. D. at 4:00 am.D19. Which of the following statements is true according t

18、o the passage?下列哪句話是正確的_A.In the U.S.A guests tend to feel they are highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.B.There is no misunderstanding arising between people from different cultures about the concept of time.C.It may be consid

19、ered foolish to make an appointment well in advance in the U.S.A.D.Promptness is valued highly in American life.準(zhǔn)時在美國生活里被高度尊重B20. From the passage we can safely infer that_.從本文我們可以得知A. its a matter of life or death if you call someone in day timeB. the meaning of time differs in different parts of t

20、he world 在世界不同的地區(qū)，時間的意義也是不同的C. it makes no difference in the U.S. whether you are early or late for a business party精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)D. if a person is late for a date, he neednt make some explanationPassage 3A foreigners first impression to the U.S is likely to be that everyone is in a rushoften

21、 under pressure. City people appear always to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store, elbowing others as they try to complete their errands. Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country.美國給外國人的第一個印象就是匆忙。通常是帶著壓力的。城市的人似乎總是趕往他們要去的地方，

22、慌慌張張的在商店里尋求關(guān)注，用肘推別人因?yàn)樗麄兿肟禳c(diǎn)完成任務(wù)。在吃飯時間競賽是這個國家人生活節(jié)奏的一部分Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating places are waiting for you to finish so they too can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. Each person hurries to make room for the next person. If you dont, waiters wil

23、l hurry you.工作時間被看作是非常寶貴的。其他人在 公共吃飯的地方都著你吃完，以便他們可以在允許的時間內(nèi)坐下吃然后吃完回去工作。每個人都干凈讓出地方讓下一個人吃。如果你不這樣做，服務(wù)員也會催你的。 You also find drivers will be abrupt and that people will push past you. You will miss smiles, brief conversations, small contacts with strangers. Dont take it personally. This is because people v

24、alue time highly, and they resent someone else wasting it beyond a certain courtesy point.你會發(fā)現(xiàn)司機(jī)也非常的生硬，人們會推開你從你身邊過。你將錯過與陌生人之間的微笑，簡短的談話以及接觸。不要認(rèn)為這是自我的。這是因?yàn)槿藗儼褧r間看得很中，他們憎恨別人浪費(fèi)那些禮節(jié)性以外的時間 This view of time affects the importance we attach to patience. In the American system of values, patience is not a hi

25、gh priority. Many of us have what might be called a short fuse. We begin to move restlessly about if we feel time is slipping away without some returnbe this in terms of pleasure, work value, or rest. Those coming from lands where time is looked upon differently may find this matter of pace to be on

26、e of their most difficult adjustments in both business and daily life.這個時間觀影響著我們耐性的重要性。在美國的價值體系了，耐性沒有很高的優(yōu)越性。我們很多人把這個稱做“一個短暫的熔合”我們?nèi)绻杏X到時間在流失而沒有得到回報(bào)，我們就會感到不安鑒于這些詞：愉快，工作價值或休息。那些來自那些用不同的觀點(diǎn)看待時間的那些地方的人也許會發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣的節(jié)奏是他們在商業(yè)和日常生活做最難調(diào)節(jié)的。 Many newcomers to the states will miss the opening courtesy of a business ca

27、ll, for example. They will miss the ritual socializing that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be traditional in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a cafe or coffee house. Normally, Americans dont assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over prol

28、onged small talks. We seek out evidence of past performance rather than evaluate a business colleagues through social courtesies. Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly. (348 words)很多剛到美國的人會想念在商務(wù)拜訪里的那些禮節(jié)。比如，他們會想念那些例如送上一杯茶或一杯咖啡的

29、理解，而這些在他們自己國家都是有慣例的。他們將會想念在咖啡屋里愜意的聊著生意，通常，美國人不會在這樣一種放松的壞竟通過延長一段小小的談話來評定來訪者。我們尋求的是對于我們過去表現(xiàn)的證明，而不是通過社會理解來評價我們的商業(yè)伙伴。因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)大致上都是專業(yè)化的評定和探究，而不是社會化的，所以我們很快就可以開始談生意了D21. Which of the following statements is wrong? _下列哪句話是錯了A. Americans seem to be always under pressure.B. Americans attach less importance to

30、patience.C. Americans dont care much about ritual socializing.D. Americans are impolite to their business colleagues. 美國人對他們的生意伙伴不禮貌B22. In the fourth paragraph, “a high priority” means_.第四的段“a high priority”是什么意思精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)A. a less important thing B. a first concern 被首先考慮C. a good busine

31、ss D. an attractive giftD23. Americans evaluate a business colleague_.美國人怎么評定他們的生意伙伴A. through social courtesyB. through prolonged business talksC. by establishing business relationsD. by learning about their past performance 通過了解他們過去的表現(xiàn)A24. This passage mainly talks about_.這片文章主要關(guān)于什么A. how American

32、s treasure their time 美國人是怎樣珍愛時間的B. how busy Americans are every dayC. how Americans do business with foreignersD. what American way of life is likeC25. We can infer from the passage that the authors tone in writing is_.我們可以從文中得知作業(yè)的態(tài)度是怎樣的A. critical B. ironical C. appreciate 欣賞的 D. objectiveTest（二）P

33、assage 1Sixteen-year-old Maria was waiting in line at the airport in Santo Domingo. She was leaving her native country to be with her sister in the United States. She spoke English very well. Though she was very happy she could go abroad, she was feeling sad at leaving her family and friends. As she

34、 was thinking about this, she suddenly heard the airline employee asking her to pick up her luggage and put it on the scales（稱）. Maria pulled and pulled. The suitcase was too heavy and she just couldnt lift it up. The man behind her got very impatient. He, too, was waiting to check in his luggage. 1

35、6 歲的瑪麗在圣多明各的機(jī)場排隊(duì)等候。她即將離開他的作國，去美國跟她姐妹在一起。她的英語說的非常好。盡管她很高興能去外國，但是要離開她的家人和朋友，她還是感到有點(diǎn)難過。當(dāng)她正在想這些的時候，突然聽見機(jī)場工作人員讓他把行李拿起來放到稱上?，旣惱±渥訉?shí)在是太重了，她沒辦法抬起來。她后面的那個男的變得很不耐煩，因?yàn)樗舱戎z查他的行李“Whats wrong with this girl?” He said, “Why doesnt she hurry up?” He moved forward and placed his bag on the counter, hoping to c

36、heck in first. He was in a hurry to get a good seat.“這個女孩怎么了？”他說， “為什么她不能快點(diǎn)呢？”他超前走，把他的胸里放在了柜臺上，希望讓他先驗(yàn)。他要趕著去找個好位置Maria was very angry, but she was very polite. And in her best English she said, “Why are you so upset? There are enough seats for everyone on the plane. If you are in such a hurry, why ca

37、nt you give me a hand with my luggage?”瑪麗很生氣，但是她還是很禮貌的。她用最流利的英語說道：“為什么你要這么不安呢？”飛機(jī)上有足夠的位置提供給每個人啊。如果你真的很趕，為什么你不幫我抬一下行李呢？The man was surprised to hear Maria speak English. He quickly picked up her luggage and stepped back. Everyone was looking at him with disapproval. (224 words)那個男的聽到瑪麗說的英語感到很驚訝。他馬上拿起

38、他的行李并往后退。每個人都在用譴責(zé)的目光看著他D11. Marias story happened _.瑪麗的故事發(fā)生在 A. when she was leaving AmericaB. on her way back to Santo Domingo C. before she left the USAD. when she arrived at the airport 當(dāng)她到達(dá)機(jī)場的時候C12. you believe that the work of the airline employee mentioned in the story is to _ at the airport.你

39、認(rèn)為文中提到的機(jī)場工作人員應(yīng)該是做什么工作的 A. help carry peoples luggageB. ask people to pick up the luggage C. check peoples luggage檢查人們的行李D. take care of peoples luggageC13. “Why are you so upset” Maria said to the man. She wanted to tell him that he should not be _.“你為這么這么不安”瑪麗對那個難的說。她想告訴那個男的他不應(yīng)該 A. surprisedB. sadC

40、. unhappy 不高興D. sorryD14. “Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.” This sentence means that the people around felt _.每個人都用譴責(zé)的目光看著他，這句話的意思是周圍的人感到 A. worried about MariaB. worried about the man精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè) C. sorry for Marias mannersD. sorry for the mans manners 對那個男的行為感到抱歉A15. The aut

41、hor mentioned Marias age at the beginning of the story in order to show that _.作者在文中提到了瑪麗的年齡是為了表明A. she was young but behaved properly她雖然很小，但是表現(xiàn)的很合適 B. she would not have left home aloneC. everyone around her was wrongD. it was not good that nobody offered to help her.Passage 2There are three kinds

42、of goals: short-term, medium-range and long-term goals.有三種類型的目標(biāo)：短期的，中等長度的，和長期的目標(biāo)。Short-term goals are those that usually deal with current activities, which we can apply on a daily basis. Such goals can be achieved in a week or less, or two weeks, or possibly months. It should be remembered that jus

43、t as a building is no stronger than its foundation, our long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing our short-term goals, we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.

44、短期目標(biāo)指一般是來處理當(dāng)前的活動的，是可以被我們應(yīng)用到日常原則中的。這樣的目標(biāo)可以在一個星期或者不到一個星期內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)，或者也有可能用幾個月來實(shí)現(xiàn)。應(yīng)該記住的是如果沒有很好的根基，那么這坐建筑物也不會堅(jiān)固的，同樣如果沒有我們結(jié)實(shí)的短期目標(biāo)，那么我們也不可能達(dá)到很多的長期目標(biāo)。在完成我們短期目標(biāo)之后，我們應(yīng)該把用日期記下這件事，然后增加新的短期目標(biāo)，而這些新目標(biāo)是建立在已完成的那些目標(biāo)的基礎(chǔ)上The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals. They might deal with just one ter

45、m of school or the entire school year, or they could even extend for several years. Any time you move a step at a time, you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step, you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeed. And as your list o

46、f completion dates grow, your motivation and desire will increase.中等長度的目標(biāo)是建立在短期目標(biāo)的基礎(chǔ)上的，他們可能是在學(xué)校里的一學(xué)期，或者一整個學(xué)年，又或者是延續(xù)好幾年。每當(dāng)你一次完一步的時候，你千萬不要覺得氣餒或者受打擊。因?yàn)槟忝孔咄暌徊?，你就會加?qiáng)你對有能力成長和成功的信念。當(dāng)你一系列完成的日期增多的時候，你的動力也欲望都會增加。Long-term goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. L

47、ife is not a static thing. We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. (221 words)長期目標(biāo)與我們未來的夢想有關(guān)。這些目標(biāo)也許是 5 年或者更長，生命不是一個靜止的過程，我們不應(yīng)該讓長期目標(biāo)來限制我們或者限制我們的行為B16. Our long-term goals mean a lot _.我們的長期目標(biāo)在什么時候在有意義？A. if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsB. if we complete th

48、e short-term goals 在我們完成短期目標(biāo)之后C. if we have dreams of the futureD. if we put forward some plansD17. New short-term goals are built upon_.新的短期目標(biāo)是建立在什么基礎(chǔ)上的？A. a daily basisB. your achievement in a weekC. current activitiesD. the goals that have been completed 那些已經(jīng)完成的目標(biāo)C18. When we complete each step o

49、f our goals, _.當(dāng)我們每完成一個目標(biāo)A. we will win final successB. we are overwhelmedC. we should build up confidence of success我們應(yīng)該建立起成功的信心D. we should have strong desire for setting new goalsC19. What is the main idea of this passage? _這篇文章的大意是什么？A. Life is dynamic thing.B. We should set up long-term goals.C

50、. Different kinds of goals in life.生活中不同的目標(biāo)類型D. The limitation of long-term goals.C20. Which of the following statements is wrong according to the passage? _根據(jù)文章，一下哪句話是不正確的？A. The long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals.B. The intermediate goals b

51、uild on the foundation of the short-term goals.C. Life is a static thing, thus we should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.生命是一個靜止的過程，因此我們永遠(yuǎn)不能讓長期目標(biāo)去限制我們或者限制我們的行為D. We should often add new short-term goals to those which have been completed.Passage 3Britain and France a

52、re separated by the English Channel, a body of water that can be crossed in as few as 20 minutes. But the cultures of the two countries sometimes seem to be miles apart. 英國和法國被英吉利海峽隔開，跨越次海峽本身還用不了 20 分鐘，但是兩國的文化卻似乎有有很大的距離 Last Thursday Britain and France celebrated the 100th anniversary of the signing

53、 of a friendship agreement 精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)called the Entente Cordiale. The agreement signed in London on April 8, 1904 marked a new beginning for the countries following centuries of wars and love-hate partnership. 上個星期四，英法兩個慶祝他們簽署了 100 周年的友誼協(xié)定，這個協(xié)定叫做政府間友誼協(xié)定。這個 4月 8 號在倫敦簽署的協(xié)定標(biāo)志著兩國在世紀(jì)之戰(zhàn)和愛憎關(guān)系后的一

54、個新開始 But their relationship has seen ups and downs over the past century. Just last year, there were fierce disagreements over the Iraq warwhich British Prime Minister Tony Blair supported despite French President Jacques Chirac speaking out against it. This discomfort is expressed in Blair and Chir

55、acs body language at international meetings. While the French leader often greets German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder with a hug, Blair just receives a handshake. However, some political experts say the war in Iraq could in fact have helped ties. 但是在過去的一個世紀(jì)里，兩國的關(guān)系起起伏伏。就在去年，兩國還以為伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭為體有過強(qiáng)烈的爭執(zhí)。英國首相布萊

56、爾不顧法國總統(tǒng)希拉克的公然反對。這種不安在一次國際會議上，從布萊爾和希拉克的身體語言上就可以表現(xiàn)出來。當(dāng)法國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人擁抱德國總理施羅德時，布萊爾只是握了握手。然后，政治家們說伊拉克站長事實(shí)上有助于兩個的聯(lián)系 The history of divisions may well be because of the very different ways in which the two sides see the world. The French think Britain is not doing its best to become part of Europe by not introduc

57、ing the single European currency, said Geoff Hare, a former lecturer in French politics and language at Newcastle University in Britain. France has spent the past 15 to 20 years making itself seen as part of the European Union. But this doesnt stop 12 million Britons taking holidays in France each y

58、ear. However, only 3 million French come in the opposite direction. Surveys show that most French people feel closer to the Germans than they do the British. And the research carried out in Britain has found that only a third of the population believes the French can be trusted. Perhaps this bad fee

59、ling comes because the British dislike Frances close relationship with Germany. Or because the French are not happy with Britains close links with the U.S. 歷史上的分歧可能是因?yàn)殡p方看待世界的方式不同。 “法國因?yàn)橛鴽]有引入他的貨幣這件事而認(rèn)為英國沒有竭盡全力融入到歐洲。 ”一位以前在英國紐卡斯兒大學(xué)教法國政治的講師海爾說， “法國在過去整整花了 10 到 20 年來使自己融入歐盟。 ”但這也也阻止不了每年 1 千 2 百萬的英國游客在法

60、國渡假。相反，每年卻只有 300 萬法國人去英國渡假。調(diào)查顯示大多數(shù)的法國人覺得去德國渡假比去英國近點(diǎn)。在英國的調(diào)查也發(fā)現(xiàn)只有三分之一的人口相信法國人是值得信賴的。也許這種不好的感覺是因?yàn)橛擞憛挿▏聡g的親密關(guān)系，又或者是因?yàn)榉▏瞬幌矚g英國跟美國之間的緊密聯(lián)系 Whatever the answer, as both sides celebrate 100 years of doubtful friendship, they are at least able to make jokes about each other. Heres one: Whats the best thin