中考英語時態(tài)全解之一般過去時附中考真題點撥習題以及答案

1、初中英語中考備考時態(tài)匯總講解與辨析（附習題和答案）一般過去時結構：動詞或者系詞變成過去式助詞：did或系詞was/were本身（常見的不規(guī)則動詞變化：am（是）-was,is（是）-was,are（是）-were,begin（開始）-began,bring（拿來）-brought,can（能）-could,catch（捉?。?caught,come（來）-came,cut（砍,割）-cut,dig（挖，掘）-dug,do（做，干）-did,draw（畫畫，拉）-drew,drink（喝）-drank,drive（駕駛）-drove,eat（吃）-ate,fall（跌倒,落下）-fell,fee

2、l（感覺）-felt,fly（飛）-flew,get（獲得）-got,give（給）-gave,go（去）-went,grow（生長）-grew,have（has）（有）-had,hurt（傷害）-hurt,keep（保持）-kept,know（知道，認識）-knew,learn（學習）-learnt,leave（離開）-left,let（讓）-let,lie（躺,平放）-lay,make（使得,做）-made,may（可以）-might,must（必須）-must,read（讀）-read,ride（騎）-rode,ring（鳴鈴）-rang,run（跑）-ran,say（說）-said,s

3、ee（看見）-saw,sell（賣）-sold,send（送）-sent,set（放）-set,sing（唱歌）-sang,sit（坐）-sat,sleep（睡覺）-slept,smell（聞）-smelt,speak（說話）-spoke,spend（花費）-spent,stand（站立）-stood,swim（游泳）-swam,take（拿至U）-took,teach（教）-taught,tell（告訴）-told,think（認為）-thought,throw（投擲）-threw,understand（懂得）-understood,wake（喚醒）-woke,wear（穿）-wore,wi

4、ll（將要）-would,win（獲勝）-won,write（寫）-wrote）使用系詞時，用系詞本身構成否定疑問等：結構：am和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。助詞：系詞本身肯定何：Hewasathomeyesterday.否定旬：Hewasntathomeyesterday.一般疑問旬：WasheathomeyesterdayYes,heas.No,hewasnt.特殊疑問旬：Wherewasheyesterday選擇疑問旬：WasheathomeoratworkHewasathome.使用動詞時，用助詞did進行否定疑問等，助詞出現(xiàn)，動詞變回原形：結構：動

5、詞變成過去式助詞：did肯定何：IwatchedafilmlastSunday.否定旬：Ididnwatchafilmyesterday.一般疑問句：Didyouwatchafilmyesterday特殊疑問句：Whatdidyoudoyesterday選擇疑問旬：DidyouwatchamovieorgoshoppingyesterdayIwatchedamovie.使用情態(tài)動詞時，用情態(tài)動詞的過去式：can變形could,may變成might,shall變成should,haveto變成hadto,must沒有變形。情態(tài)動詞后加動詞原形。Hecouldplaythepianoattheag

6、eoffour.在他四歲的時候他就會彈鋼琴。Hehadtowalkhomethisevening.他今天傍晚時不得不走回家。定義一、表示過去某時或某段時間發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)時間狀語有：Whattime:ateight,When:yesterdaymorning,tenminutesago,when弓I導的時間狀語從旬，lastyear,in1998,in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,thismorning,attheendoflastterm,theotherday,inthosedays,intheoldda

7、ysHowlong:fortwodaysLittleTombrokethewindowathalfpastninethismorning.小湯姆今天早上九點半把窗子打破了。Whenhewentintotheroom,hesawastrangertalkingwithhisfather.他走進房間時發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生人正和他父親談話）。Ilivedthereforthreeyears.我住在那里三年。注意：1 .說話雙方都明白的過去事件經(jīng)常省略時間狀語。Hownicetoseeyouhere!Ithoughtyouwereout.在這見到你真好啊。我原以為你出去了。-Lookatthesign,“No

8、smoking!”-Sorry,IdidHtseeit.看標牌，“禁止吸煙！”對不起，我（剛才）沒看到。IhappenedtomeetRoseinthestreet.我（剛才/過去某時）正好在街上遇到露西LuXunwasagreatwriter.魯迅是一個偉大的作家。Whatdidyousay你（剛才）說什么2 .表過去是這樣，現(xiàn)在完全改變了Iusedtobeateacher.我過去曾是一名教師。表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不是教師了Iusedtotalkawalkinthepark.我過去常在這個公園散步。言外之意，現(xiàn)在不這樣做了Iwasateacherthreeyearsago.三年前我是一名老師。定義二

9、、表過去經(jīng)常性習慣性動作。時間狀語有：When:last，in，fromto，for(10years)Howoften:often,usually,sometimes,always,never等。Heusuallywenttoeveningschoolswhenhewasyoung.當他小的時候，他通常上夜校。Everydayhewenttotherichmanandborrowedbooksfromhim.他(那時)每天都去那個富人那里并且從他借一些書。定義三、用過去時形式表委婉語氣，沒有過去時的含義。Couldyoulendmeyourpen你能把你的鋼筆借給我嗎Couldyoutellm

10、ewherehelives你能告訴我他住在哪里嗎(委婉形式，無過去時之意，從句不變成過去時。)一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別1. 一般過去時的謂語動詞用過去式，而現(xiàn)在完成時的謂語基本構成是“have/has+過去分詞”。2. 一般過去時通常與表示過去的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday,lastweek,twoyearsago,justnow,in2002等;而現(xiàn)在完成時則常與just,already,ever,never等副詞和thesedays,thisweek,since,for等表示一段時間的狀語連用。試比較以下幾組句子： HaveyouseenthefilmDidyouseethef

11、ilm第一句句強調(diào)的是被問者對劇情是否了解，即現(xiàn)在情況；第二句強調(diào)的是看這部電影的動作是否發(fā)生過，并不強調(diào)是否知道其內(nèi)容。 HowhashedoneitHowdidhedoit第一句強調(diào)的是他做這件事的方式對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了某種影響；第二句單純的詢問做這件事的方式。 HehaslivedinBeijingfor8years.HelivedinBeijingfor8years.第一句講的是到目前為止他在北京住了8年，可能還會繼續(xù)在北京住下去。第二句講的是他在北京住過8年，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在北京了。(2)現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響和結果，而一般過去時與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系，只是說明某個動作發(fā)生的時間是在

12、過去。比：Ihavewashedthecar.我洗過了車。（看上去很漂亮）Iwashedthecaramomentago.我岡U才洗過車了。Shehaswateredtheflowers.她已經(jīng)澆了花。（不需要再澆了）Shewateredtheflowersyesterday.她昨天澆的花。（3）現(xiàn)在完成時表示的動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能延續(xù)下去，而一般過去時則單純表示過去某段時間內(nèi)的經(jīng)歷。比：Ithasrainedforfivehours.雨已經(jīng)下了5個/、時了。Itrainedforfivehoursyesterday.昨天下了5個小時的雨。Hehaswaitedforherfortwoh

13、ours.他等她已經(jīng)兩個小時了。Hewaitedforhertwohoursandthenwenthome.他等她等了兩個小時，然后就回家了。Ihavereviewedtwolessonsthismorning.今天上午我已經(jīng)復習了兩課。（說話時還在上午）Ireviewedtwolessonsthismorning.今天上午我復習了兩課。（說話時已是下午或晚上）一般過去時和過去進行時的區(qū)別Hewaswritingaletterlastnight.(我看見)他昨天晚上正在寫信。(不知道是否寫完了)Hewrotealetterlastnight.他昨天晚上寫了一封信。(結果寫完了)專項檢測：適當形

14、式填空：1. Herfather(read)anewspaperlastnight.2. Wetozooyesterday.(go)you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival4. I(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother.5. Weall(have)agoodtimelastnight.6. He(jump)highonlastSportsDay.7. Shelikesnewspapers,butsheabookyesterday.(read)8. Jimmother(plant)treesjustnow.9. It(b

15、e)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.Mr.White(go)tohisofficebycar.10. GaoShan(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.11. She(be)aprettygirl.Look,she(do)Chinesedances.12. Whyhaveyoukeptmehereforsolongatime(wait)13. ShetotheGreatWallseveraltimes.(goes)14. Inhisletter,hesaidthatheusverymuch.(miss)15. Theyall(go)tothemo

16、untainsyesterdaymorning.16. She(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She(stay)athomeand(do)somecleaning.17. Greatchangesinourcountrysince1978.(takeplace)18. Imydaughtersincelastmonth.(hearfrom)19. Itmetwodaystowritethearticle.花費)20. Wefootballwhenitbegantorain.Wehadtostopandgohome.(play)21. ComradeLiDazhaoin

17、prisonin1927.(put)22. Hetothelibrary.Hellcomebacksoon.(go)23. Wecouldnothelpafterweheardthestory.(laugh)24. WouldyoupleasemeanEnglish-Chinesedictionarywhenyoucome(bring)25. HetoldmethathetheGreatWalltheyearbefore.(visit)26. Imsorryyouvemissedthelastbus.Ittenminutesago.(leave)27. Johnstoppedarest(hav

18、e)becauseheforthreehours.(work)28. Theboysbasketballontheplaygroundaremyclassmates.(play)29. They(be)onthefarmamomentago.30. Jenny(notgo)tobeduntil11:00oclocklastnight.31. WhenIwasyoung,I(play)gameswithmyfriends.32. I(eat)thebread,Imfullnow.33. Thestudentsoften(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.參考答案：,vi

19、sit,readwasplanting,went,isdoinggone15.wenttgotakenfromplaying21.wasputbeen25.hadvisitedhave,workedtgoeaten單項選擇：1 ShelivedtherebeforehetoChina.A.cameB.comesC.comeD.coming2 Ibutnothing.A.waslistened;washearingB.listened;heardC.havelistened;heardD.listened;heardof3 WhendidyouhereA.gottoB.reachedC.arri

20、veinD.reach4 Imyhomeworkat7:00yesterdayevening.A.finishedB.wouldfinishC.wasfinishingD.finish5 -Hedidntgoshoppingwithyouyesterdayafternoon,didhe-.A.No,hedoesntB.Yes,hedidntC.No,hedidD.Yes,hedid.6 -Ihavehadsupper.-WhenyouitA.have;hadB.do,haveC.did,haveD.willhave參考答案：6.()1.Myfatherillyesterday.AisntBar

21、entCwasntDwerent()2.yourparentsathomelastweek?AIsBWasCAreDWere()3.ThetwinsinDalianlastyear.Theyherenow.Aare;wereBwere;areCwas;areDwere;was()4.yourfatheratworkthedayyesterday畫天)？AWas;beforeBIs;beforeCWas;afterDIs;after()5.WhowasondutylastFriday?AIamBIwasCYes,IwasDNo,Iwasnt()6.Icleanedmyclassroom.Awit

22、hthreehoursBthreehoursagoCinthreehoursDthreehoursbefore()7.Icamemyhousetwodaysago.AbackonBbacktoCtobackDback()8.Hedidsomereadingathome.AWhatdoesyourfatherdoyesterdayeveningBWhatdoesyourbrotherdointheschoolCWhatdidyourbrotherdoovertheweekendDWheredidyourbrothergolastSunday）9.WhatdidyoudoIwenttothemov

23、ies.AnextmorningBovertheweekendCintheweekendDnextMonday）10.Thekoalasleeps，_butgetsup.duringtheday;attheeveningBatday;duringnightintheday;duringtheeveningDduringtheday;atnight【中考鏈接】1. -HowmanytimeshaveyoubeentotheGreatWall-Onlyonce.Itherelastyear.A.wentB.havegoneC.havebeen選A解析：一般過去式。后面有過去時間的標志lastyea

24、r。2. WhenJessytoNewYorkYesterday.;got選B解析：本題考查一般過去時態(tài)。由關鍵詞yesterday或者when都可以推出是過去時態(tài)，故選B3. DidyouwashyourclothesNo,IwasgoingtowashmyclothesbutIvisitors.A.havehadB.haveC.hadD.willhave選C解析：整個對話都是在使用過去的時態(tài)，所以通?；卮鹨惨笫褂靡恢碌臅r態(tài)。4. HaveyoureadabookcalledJaneEyreWhoitAwritesBhaswrittenCwaswritingDwrote選D解析：你曾經(jīng)讀過

25、簡愛嗎誰寫的小說是過去寫的，所以使用一般過去時態(tài)。5. Heusedtotoworkbybus，butnowhegoestoworkfoot.A.going；onB.going；byC.go；onD.go；by選C解析：usedtodo表示過去常常做某事，現(xiàn)在不這樣了。走路，onfoot,固定搭配。6. Jack,wheresmysmallroundmirrorSorry,Betty.Iit.A.breakB.brokeC.willbreakD.ambreaking選B解析：句意：JacK我的小圓鏡在哪對不起，Betty,我把它打破了。打破這個動作是個過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的動作，所以使用過去時態(tài)。7

26、. Helen,whereisyourhomeworkSorry,MissRead.Isomeofitlastnight.ButIhaventfinisheddoingityet.A.doB.didC.havedoneD.willdo選B解析：解題的關鍵詞lastnight,是具體的過去時間，應該使用過去時態(tài)。1. Simonhisfingerswhenhewascookingthedinner（.2007年鹽城）A.burntB.wasburningC.hasburntD.hadburnt簡析：A。burn此處為瞬間動詞，表示燙著，當他在做飯的時候，他燙著了手指，一般過去時在此處表示結果。2

27、. Imsorryyouhavemissedthebus.Itfiveminutesago.Whatapity!（2006年徐州）A.wasleavingB.hasleftC.leftD.leaves簡析：C。卞g據(jù)fiveminutesago”可知是指過去的事情，且表示的是結果，用一般過去時。3. Mr.Johnson,wehavefoundyourwatch.Mywatch！Thankyou.Whereit（2006年紹興）A.doyoufindB.haveyoufoundC.didyoufindD.wereyoufinding簡析：C。發(fā)現(xiàn)的動作為過去的事情，表示過去的結果，故用一般過去

28、時。中考真題【2012北京】26.WherewereyoulastSaturdayIintheCapitalMuseum.A.amB.willbeC.wasD.havebeen【2012廣西玉林】38.Lastyear,Shenzhou-8intothespace.Itmadeusproud.A.issentB.wassentC.sendsD.sent【2012貴州安順】oldmaninShanghai,butheinHaikounow.Abeborn;liveBwasborn;liveCisborn;livesDWasborn;lives【2012貴州畢節(jié)】25.Lucyastudentla

29、styear,butnowsheateacher.A.is;isB.was；isC.was；willbeD.is；was【2011湖北恩施】28.Hegooutwithhisparents,butnowhestayingathomealone.A.usedto；isusedtoB.isusedto；usedtoC.useto；isusedto【2011湖北恩施】34.WhendidyoubuythecomputerIhavethiscomputerfor5years,butitstillworkswell.A.boughtB.haveC.had【2012湖北十堰】35.Ilittletimet

30、ogetreadyforthetest,soIwasntconfidentatthattime.A.gaveB.didntgiveC.wasgivenD.wasntgiven【2012湖北隨州】27.IvjustgotanewMP4. Whereyouit Inashoppingmallnearhere.A.have;boughtB.did;buyC.are;boughtD.were;getting【2012湖北隨州】32.Theresomeflowersontheteachersdeskjustnow,butnowtherenothingonit.A.have;has;wasC.were;i

31、s;has【2012湖北武漢】31.IdontrememberwhenandwhereIthisumbrella.boughtbuy【2012湖北咸寧】33.JackdisliketheweatherinBeijinginspring,becausethereissomuchwindandsand.Butnowheit.A.isusedto;usedtoB.usedto;isusedtoC.wasusedto;isusedtoD.usedto;usesto【2012湖北孝感】30.TonytotakepartinthetalkshowonCCTV-3thedaybeforeyesterday.

32、A.invitesB.invitedC.isinvitedD.wasinvited【2012湖南懷化】telephonebyawell-knownscientist,Edison.A.inventedB.inventingC.wasinvented【2011湖南株洲】30.HaveyoueverbeentoShanghaiYes.Itherewithmyfatherlastyear.A. wentB.havebeenC.havegone【2012江蘇淮安】someadviceonhowtoimproveherlisteningskills,andshegladlyacceptedMissGre

33、ens.A.gaveB.wasgivenC.gives【2012江蘇連云港】9.JeremyLinD.isgivenanunknownbasketballplayerinNewYorkKnicks尼克斯隊）D.wasusedtobeSlowCity”inNdforquitealongtime.A.usedtobeB.usedtobeingC.isusedtobe【2012江蘇南京】,aquietvillageinGaochun,ChinasfirstA.namesB. namedC.isnamedD.was2012江蘇蘇州】15.ThefilmmadebyWal

34、tDisneyallovertheworld.A.isusedtoshowB.isusedtoshowingC.usedtoshowD.usedtobeshown【2012江蘇徐州】9.IknowalittleaboutThailand,asItherethreeyearsago.A.havebeenB.havegoneC.willgoD.went【2012江蘇鹽城】12.HaveyoueverbeentoSingaporeYes.Itherelastyearwithmyparents.A.goB.wentC.havebeenD.wasgoing【2012江西】38.Hello,mum.Are

35、youstillonLushanMountainOh,no.wearebackhome.Weareallygoodjourney.A.haveB.hadC.arehavingD.willhave【2012江西】39.Oh,myGod!Icantfindmykeytotheoffice.Dontworry.Perhapsitatyourhome.A.leftB.hasleftC.wasleftD.hadleft【2012內(nèi)蒙古包頭】30.HaventItoldyouthatyoushouldbehomeearlierYes,butIhomeearlierthanIusuallydo.A.wasc

36、omingB.willcomeC.cameD.hadcome【2012廣東省梅州市】33.HersonCoke,butnowhemilk.todrink;isusedtodrinkingB.usedtodrinking;drinksusedtodrinking;usedtodrinkD.isusedtodrink;isdrinking【2012廣東省梅州市】42.Intheolddays,theyinthefactoryfrommorningtoevening.A.weremadetoworkB.askedtoworkC.madetoworkD.wereaskedforwork【2012湖北黃

37、岡】34.Hey,Molly.Youonthephonejustnow.Butyouwerenthereandthemanleftaphonenumber.OhIwasinthelibrary.A.wantedB.arewantedC.werewantedD.havewanted【2012湖北黃岡】37.WhatwouldyoudoifyouthetrafficaccidentIwould.A.see;domyhouseworkfirstB.saw;buysomefruitrightawayC.see;callatI10atonceD.sa；wcallthepolicerightaway【2012山東泰安】31.IhearMr.ZhanghasgonetoBeijingforameeting.ReallyDoyouknowwhenheA.leavesB.wasleavingC.hasleftD.left【2012煙臺中考】24.ThesmileonMothersfacesuggestedshe.A.wasgladB.wassurprisedC.ispleasedD.wasannoyed【2012陜西】29.Anewclubinourschoolatthebeginningofthisyearandnowithasmanymembers.A.startsB.iss