with+復合賓語的用法doc

1、with+ 復合賓語的用法一、二、三、四、with 的復合結構的構成所謂“ with 的復合結構”即是“with+ 復合賓語”也即“with + 賓語 +賓語補足語”的結構。其中的賓語一般由名詞充當(有時也可由代詞充當)；而賓語補足語則是根據具體的需要由形容詞，副詞、介詞短語，分詞短語(包括現在分詞和過去分詞)及不定式短語充當。下面結合例句就這一結構加以具體的說明。1、 with + 賓語+形容詞作賓補He slept well with all the windows open.(82年高考題 )上面句子中形容詞open 作 with 的賓詞 all the windows 的補足語， It

2、 s impolite to talk with your mouth full of food.形容詞短語full of food作賓補。Don't sleep with the window open in winter2、 with+ 賓語 +副詞作賓補with John away, we have got more room.He was lying in bed with all his clothes on. Her baby is used to sleeping with the light on. 句中的 on 是副詞， 作賓語 the light 的補足語。 The

3、 boy cant play with his father in. 句中的副詞in 作賓補。3、 with+ 賓語 +介詞短語。we sat on the grass with our backs to the wall.his wife came down the stairs,with her baby in her arms.They stood with their arms round each other. She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides.句中介詞短語on both sides作賓語re

4、d flowersandgreen grass 的賓補， There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.，介詞短語補。in front of them 作賓4、 with+ 賓詞 +分詞 (短語這一結構中作賓補用的分詞有兩種，一是現在分詞，二是過去分詞，一般來說，當分詞所表示的動作跟其前面的賓語之間存在主動關系則用現在分詞，若是被動關系， 則用過去分詞。 In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.(高一第十課 )

5、 ，句中用現在分詞pointing at 作賓語 your feet 的補足語，是因它們之間存在主動關系，這一動作是your feet 發(fā)出的。All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.She sat with her head bent.She did not answer, with her eyes still fixed on the wall.The day was bright,with a fresh breeze( 微風） blowing.I won't be able to go on holiday with

6、my mother being ill.With winter coming on,it is time to buy warm clothes.He soon fell asleep with the light still burning.或者說point From space the earth looks like ahuge water covered globe,with a few patches of land stuking out above the water 而在下面句子中因 with 的賓語跟其賓補之間存在被動關系，故用過去分詞作賓補： The murderer wa

7、s brought in ,with his hands tied back.(91年高考題 )。但當 with 的復合結構中語是表示人體部位名稱的名詞時，作賓補用的分詞是現在分詞是過去分詞，則應視這一動詞而定。一般來說，若此動詞是及物動詞則用其過去分詞形式，若是不及物動詞，則用其現在分詞形式。 An old man was lying there with his eyes shut.此句中 shut 是及物動詞，故用其過去分詞He lay on his back with his eyes looking straight up wards.look 為不及物動詞，故用現在分詞。5、 wi

8、th+ 賓語 +不定式短語。 I can't go out with you, with much homework to be done. 句中的賓補由 to be done 這一不定式的被動結構充當， 表示 do 這一動作的將來含義或未完成之意，用其被動態(tài)則說明其與賓語之間存在被動關系。With five minutes to go before the last train left,we arrived.I can't go out with all these dishes to wash.So in the afternoon, with nothing to do

9、, I went around the school.With such an experienced teacher to teach us English,we are very happy.6,with+ 賓語 +名詞He died in the battle with his son only a ten-month-old baby.二、 with 的復合結構的用法1，在句子中with 結構多數充當狀語，表示行為方式，伴隨情況、時間、原因或條件She came into the room ，with her nose red because of cold.（ with+ 名詞 +形

10、容詞， 作伴隨狀語）With the meal over， we all went home. （with+ 名詞 +副詞，作時間狀語）The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm 。（ with+ 名詞 +介詞短語，作伴隨狀語。）The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.He lay in the dark empty house ，with not a man， woman or child to say he was kind to

11、me.（ with+ 名詞 +不定式，作伴隨狀語）He couldfinish it with me to help him.（ with+ 代詞+不定式，作條件狀語）She fell asleep with the light burning. （ with+ 名詞 +現在分詞，作伴隨狀語）With nothing left in the cupboard ， she went out to get something to eat. （ with+ 代詞 +過去分詞，作為原因狀語）2， With 結構在句中也可以作定語。例如：From space the earth looks like

12、a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.Do you know the woman with a gold necklace around her neck?三，幾點說明。1， without + 賓語 +賓語補足語是with + 賓語 +賓語補足語結構的另一表現形式。He could not finish it without me

13、to help him. （without+ 代詞 +不定式，作條件狀語） Without anything left in the cupboard ， she went out to get something to eat. （ without+ 代詞 +過去分詞，作為原因狀語）Possibly this person died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.( 高二 22 課）（ without+ 代詞 +現在分詞，作為伴隨狀語）Without anyone noticing， I slipped out of t

14、he room. （ without+ 代詞 +現在分詞，作為伴隨狀語）Without a word more spoken ， he went back home2, with 的復合結構與獨立主格結構的關系：把 with 的復合結構中的介詞 with 去掉，即構成獨立主格結構。其結構為名詞（代詞） +現在分詞、過去分詞；例如 ;The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday.考試結束了，我們開始放假。The president assassinated,

15、the whole country was in deep sorrow.= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.總統(tǒng)被謀殺了，舉國上下沉浸在悲哀之中。Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.=If weather permits,we are going to visit you tomorrow.天氣允許，我們明天去看你。This done, we went home.工作完成后，我們才回家。The door

16、 of the room being open ， we looked in It being Sunday （ As it's Sunday）， we had no class由于是星期天，我們沒有課The duty completed ， he had three days leaveThe manager sat quietly in the office, (his ) eyes closed 。經理靜靜地坐在辦公室里，雙目緊閉。There being nothing else to do, we left 。由于沒有其它事情可做，我們離開了He guiding her, th

17、ey went across the street 。他引著他，兩個人穿過那條街。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home 。=Because the last bus had gone, we had to walk home。由于末班車已開走，我們只得步行回家All things considered, the price would be reasonable 。 If all things considered, the price would be reasonable 。通盤考慮的話，價格是合理的。More time given,

18、we could have done it better 。= If more time had been given to us, we could have done it better 。假如給我們更多時間的話，我們可能做的更好The clock having struck ten ， they said good night and parted 已經十點鐘了，他們互道晚安分手了。名詞（代詞） +形容詞；The largest collection even found in England was one of about 200,000 silver pennies ，all of

19、them over 600 years old （ 英格蘭發(fā)現的最大一堆硬幣是20 萬枚銀制的便士， 它們全都是600年前制作的。）句中“ all of them over 600 years old ”是獨立主格結構，可改為：and allof them were over600 years old 并列分句；或all of which were over 600 years old非限制性定語從句。(高二22課）He came into the room, his ears red with cold. 他回到了房子里，耳朵凍得紅通通的 The boy ， his face red， sa

20、id nothing 名詞（代詞） +副詞；The class over， the students left the class room in twos and threesBreakfast over， he went to the classroom When breakfast was over， he went to the classroomHe put on his socks wrong, side out 。他穿上襪子，反面朝上。名詞（代詞） +不定式；A number of officials followed the emperor, some to hold his robe, others to adjust