國際音標(biāo)元音

1、 夢想從這里起航禾沐教育七年級暑期一對一英語講義（一）音 標(biāo)【No.1】英語共有48個音素，其中元音音素20個，輔音音素28個。英語輔音和元音在語言中的作用相當(dāng)于漢語中的生母和韻母。記錄英語音素的符號叫做音標(biāo)。音標(biāo)放在兩條斜線（/），以免和字母混淆。 一單元音音標(biāo)：前元音1.單元音 /i:/舌尖抵下齒，舌前部向硬腭抬起，嘴角向兩邊張開，流露出微笑的表情，適當(dāng)拉長發(fā)音。與字母 E 發(fā)音相同。例詞：he sea tree teahave a sweet dream. 做個好夢.Its a deal. 一言為定。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。2.單元音 /I/舌尖抵下齒，舌前部

2、向硬腭抬起，比/i:/低，嘴型扁平。注意嘴巴比/i:/大，發(fā)音比/i:/短。例詞：big ship hill chicksa film ticket 一張電影票 a little bit difficult 有點兒難Business is business. 公事公辦。Dont cry over spilt milk. 覆水難收。Lily lives in a very big city. 莉莉住在一個大城市里。3.單元音/ e /舌尖抵下齒，舌前部稍抬起，比/1/低。牙床開的比/1/寬。例詞：pen bed leg wellbest friend 最好的朋友 a red letter day

3、. 大喜的日子East or west, home is best. 金窩銀窩，不如自己的草窩。This is their red letter day. 今天是他們大喜的日子。4. 單元音/ æ /舌尖抵下齒，嘴角盡量拉向兩邊，成扁平形。是所有音標(biāo)里面嘴巴咧的最寬的一個，同時嘴巴也要張大，上下齒之間可容納食指和中指。例詞：am apple that handas soon as 即刻 as a matter of fact 事實上 hand in hand 手拉手地A man without money is no man at all. 一分錢難倒英雄漢。Let the cat

4、out of the bag. 泄露消息。普通話中沒有和相似的音，有人往往將發(fā)成/e/或者，這點要注意。讀出下列單詞并且區(qū)分/e/和。二單元音音標(biāo)：中元音：/:/ / /1.單元音 /:/舌中部稍抬起，舌尖微抵下齒，雙唇扁平，發(fā)音較長。例詞：girl bird work turnher third birthday 她的第三個生日Early bird gets the worm. 捷足先登。He learned the first English word at school. 他在學(xué)校學(xué)到第一個英語單詞。The girl gave her a purse. 女孩給了她一個錢包。2.單元音 /

5、雙唇扁平，舌尖微抵下齒，口張開比/:/略大。例詞：teacher visitor breakfast welcomebrothers and sisters 兄弟姐妹a doctors teacher 一位醫(yī)生的老師I leant to love rough seas in summer. 我開始愛夏日波濤洶涌的大海了。The teachers will get together tomorrow. 老師們明天會集合。3.單元音/舌頭后部的靠前部分稍微抬起，舌尖和舌端兩側(cè)觸及下齒。雙唇向兩旁平伸。例詞：cup run jump floodmuch money 很多的錢Well begun, h

6、alf done. 良好的開端是成功的一半。She loves nothing but money. 她就愛錢。Dont trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻煩。It is fun to run and jump in the sun. 在陽光下跑和跳很好玩。When your work is done. 如果你的功課已做完。Lets play in the sun. 讓我們在陽光下玩。Singing one by one. 一個一個接著唱。Weve a lot of fun. 我們玩得多歡暢。和的發(fā)音區(qū)別：和是兩個不同的音素，發(fā)音

7、的口腔部位不同，牙床、長度等也有所不同。讀出下列單詞并且區(qū)分和。三單元音音標(biāo)：后元音/u:/ / /: / / /:/1.元音/u:/長元音，嘴形小而圓，微微外突，舌頭盡量后縮。舌后部向上抬起，嘴巴要收的又小又圓，并且向外突出。喉嚨稍有緊張感，與漢語中的“嗚”音很像。例詞：zoo who food bluebring food to school. 帶食物去學(xué)校.prove it to be true. 證明它是真的remove the rule. 廢除這項規(guī)定see a movie at noon. 在中午看場電影One is never too old to learn. 活到老，學(xué)到老。

8、I choose blue shoes to take to school to you. 我?guī)湍銕{色的鞋到學(xué)校。Drink fruit juice when you have the flu. 當(dāng)你感冒的時候喝點果汁就會好些。Do not move during June and July. 六七月間不要太運動。I have just bought a new blue suit. 我剛買了一套藍色新西裝。You should choose between the two. 你得在兩個中間挑一個。2.單元音/短元音。嘴唇張開略向前突出，嘴形稍收圓并放松些。注意嘴巴的形狀，嘴巴張開略向前突出

9、，舌頭后部略向上抬起，發(fā)短促音即可。例詞：foot wood book pusha good book 一本好書by hook or by crook 不擇手段A good wife makes a good husband. 成功的男人背后必定有位好妻子。Books and friends should be few but good. 讀書如交友，應(yīng)求少而精。At noon, I took a good book and sat by the pool in the wood. 中午我?guī)弦槐竞脮?，坐在林子里的池塘邊?.元音/: /舌頭置于口腔底部，口腔完全張開，但是不成圓形。然后將舌身

10、再稍稍向后縮.雙唇也收的更圓更小。例詞：fork ball morning airportall thoughts 所有的想法from door to door 挨家挨戶地on the fourth floor 在第四層Look before you leap. 三思而后行。Four eyes see more than two. 集思廣益。He was born on August the fourth. 他生于八月四日。He is only four, but he can walk and talk. 他只有四歲，但能走會說。4.元音/舌頭置于口腔底部，口腔完全張開，但是不成圓形。然后將

11、舌身再稍稍向后縮。例詞：cock shop job box a popular shop 一家受歡迎的商店lost the job 丟掉了工作knock down a robber 擊倒一個強盜Barking dogs do not bite. 吠犬不咬人。My boss has got a pot of hot water. 我老板有了一壺?zé)崴he dog is standing in the shop. 狗站在商店里。Look at the frog on the log. 看那圓木上的青蛙。The coffee is of top quality. 這咖啡的質(zhì)量極高。5.單元音/:/

12、長元音?？谇淮蜷_，嘴張大，舌身平放后縮，舌尖離開下齒，下巴收低一點，輕松發(fā)音。與“啊”發(fā)音有點像。例詞：car garden star guitarstart the bargain 開始議價do harm to the heart 對心臟有害He laughs best who laughs last. 誰笑到最后，誰笑得最好。Work hard and play hard. 工作的時候要拼命干，而娛樂的時候要盡情玩。The park is far from the farm. 公園離農(nóng)場很遠。Its hard to start the car. 這輛車很難發(fā)動。Last week, I w

13、ent to see my father after the party. 上周晚會后我去見了父親。I like to pass through the garden park. 我喜歡穿過公園的園林。區(qū)別和比較：（1） 的發(fā)音區(qū)別：這兩個發(fā)音有相同的地方，都與中文的“啊”有一定的聯(lián)系，但是發(fā)音較長，發(fā)音較短促有力，所以在讀音中要注意。讀下列單詞，并注意和的區(qū)別：（2）和的發(fā)音區(qū)別： 和的發(fā)音部位不同，所以不是單純地由加長而成。讀下列單詞，并且區(qū)分和。（3）的發(fā)音區(qū)別：是兩個不同的音素，不是單純地由加長而成。普通話中沒有和相同的音，不要將誤發(fā)成。讀下列單詞并且區(qū)分和。 你還記得前面出現(xiàn)過那些單

14、元音嗎?單元音 vowels (12個)：/i:/, /I/, /e/, /æ/ /:/, /, / /u:/, /, /:/, /, /:/四雙元音1.雙元音/eI/e/重讀，/ I /輕讀，口形由半開到合，與字母 A發(fā)音相同。例詞：face rain cake wait2.雙元音 /aI/口形由開到合，牙齒由全開過度到全閉。例詞：my kite write bicycle3.雙元音/I/前元音重讀，后元音輕讀，雙唇從圓到扁，口形從開到合，牙齒從全開到逐漸閉合，注意連貫性。例詞：boy boil noise coin4.雙元音/I/前元音重讀，后元音輕讀，雙唇始終半開。例詞：ear

15、 here zero beard5.雙元音/e/前重后輕，舌端抵下齒，雙唇半開.例詞：hair bare pear chair6.雙元音/前重后輕，嘴唇由收圓到半開，口形由合到開，雙唇由圓到扁平。例詞：tour poor sure gourd7.雙元音/a/a/重讀，/u/輕讀，口形由大到小。例詞：how house mouth trousers8.雙元音/口形由半開到小，與字母 O的發(fā)音相同。前面的音清楚而較長，后面的音圓唇，發(fā)音模糊而較短。例詞：coat throw boat toe那么你能說出所有的雙元音嗎?雙元音 vowels (8個)：/eI/, /aI/, /I/, /I/, /e

16、/, / /a/, /,【No.2】音標(biāo)a: æ e專練：一抄寫音標(biāo)，一個抄寫5遍。a:： ： æ： e： 二選出下列沒有相同發(fā)音的詞。( ) 1. car arm food garden( ) 2. true jump bus cut ( ) 3. bag short map flag( ) 4. egg pen head small( ) 5. got clock bell dog( ) 6. rabbit book wood foot( ) 7. rat bat apple ten( ) 8. gun star duck money三寫出單詞或音標(biāo)。 pa:st ru

17、:m swet sit fæt gt cp sh:t bag car bus bread star head 四. 選出下列每題中元音有幾種讀音，有一種讀音的在（ ）里畫,有兩種讀音的畫,有三種的畫。( ) 1. hat fast cook last ( ) 2. jeep door sun gum( ) 3. dad cap hand map( ) 4. star car cut from( ) 5. skirt sheep bird her 五. 改變下列單詞的一個字母,使它變成另一個單詞。like_(交通工具) hat _(動物)lake _(食品) nice _(數(shù)字)hot

18、 _(用品) well _(用品)音標(biāo)ei ai i au專練：一抄寫音標(biāo)，一個抄寫5遍。 ei： ai： i： au： 二選出下列沒有發(fā)相同發(fā)音的詞。( ) 1. cake egg rain May( ) 2. kite cry broom fly( ) 3. boy joy cat noise( ) 4. blouse sun cow house( ) 5. tower flower mouth arm三讀音標(biāo),將下列單詞補充完整或?qū)懗鲎帜?，單詞的音標(biāo)。 klaud set kin kr:s c_ _ _d s_ _ c_ _n cr_ _s flæg trein desk sm

19、ail f_ _g tr_ _n d_ _ _ s_ _leAa Kk Ii Yy hi boy cow now toy bike house my cake face how nice 四把下列單詞下正確的音標(biāo)連接起來。 bow bau gate pai tray geit pie trei poison pizn音標(biāo)u i e u專練：一抄寫音標(biāo)，一個抄寫5遍。 u： i： e： u： 二選出下列沒有相同發(fā)音的詞。 ( ) 1. mouth coat goat window ( ) 2. dear beer cake teacher ( ) 3. pair boy air hare ( )

20、 4. poor tour Europe cry ( ) 5. boat bike side fly三寫出單詞或音標(biāo)。 nuz said i kau pe pu bæt wu:d go ear photo deer near nose hear 四把下列單詞與音標(biāo)用線連起來。 ruz theater 'it rose skwe tour tu square pleisiz places【No.3】完型+閱讀專練：一完形填空。先通讀下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小題的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。 I got out of the train station with

21、 my father. A woman came to him and said that her money had been stolen(偷). She asked if he could 31 her some money to go back home. My father gave her what she asked for and told her not to worry about paying it back. I was 32 . How could my father be so silly? Anyone could see that she was telling

22、 a lie(謊言), staying at the station all day long 33 for money. "She was lying!" I said." 34 did you give her the money?" My father looked at me. He was a bit angry. "And what would you like me to do?" he said. "Should I tell her that I am a college professor and I c

23、an see through her scam(騙局）？" I did not 35 his meaning at all, and then he told me something that I have 36 forgotten. "First, she would not do this 37 she didn't need the money. Second, I made her day, because now she thinks that she's 38 than me. It is more important to 39 than t

24、he money. but I don't mind this." A week later, we were at the same station, and the same woman came to my father with the same story. "Not this time," my father told her. "In your business, you should learn to recognize(認出) people. Try another 40 on me next week."31. A.

25、 borrow B. keep C. lend D. pay32.A. excited B. angry C. sad D. surprised33. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. going34.A. Where B. When C. Why D. How35. A. find B. know C. hear D. believe36.A. never . B. sometimesC. always D. usually37. A. because B. until C. as D. if38.A. smarter B. younger C. taller D. better39. A. them B. her C. you D. me40. A. coat B. story C. station D. Man二閱讀。My Favorite Sweaterby Bonnie Highsmith TaylorMy favor