一般過去時(shí)”教案

1、語法講解教案 一般過去時(shí)(Simple Past Tense) 備課人：宋 亞 萍 單 位：周至縣第七中學(xué) 時(shí) 間：2015.9 語法講解 一般過去時(shí)(Simple Past Tense) 周至縣第七中學(xué) 宋亞萍一 教學(xué)目標(biāo)：一般過去時(shí)二 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)：1、一般過去時(shí)（用法、動(dòng)詞過去式的變化規(guī)則等）2、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do一般過去時(shí)的講解三 教學(xué)步驟：【時(shí)態(tài)介紹】1、定義： 一般過去時(shí)態(tài)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用表示過去的時(shí)間狀語：如：yesterday、last night 、in 1990、two days ago 等例如: I got up at 7:00

2、yesterday. 我昨天七點(diǎn)鐘起床。 My father was at work yesterday afternoon. 我爸爸昨天下午在上班。也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,常和表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。如頻度副詞：often，always 等例如: He always went to work by bus last year. 他去年一直坐公交車上班。2、用于一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語（1）與ago 連用： a momenttwo minutesfive days agofour yearsa week(2)與last 連用TimeMonthLast yeartermnight(3)與ye

3、sterday 連用： yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, the day before yesterday (4)其他表示過去的時(shí)間狀語：just now, in the old days, in those days, in 1980, the other day at that time, once upon a time【一般過去時(shí)的構(gòu)成】1、含動(dòng)詞be的一般過去時(shí)am/is-was are-were1)肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/were+其他成分例：I was at home last night. 我

4、昨晚在家。 You were in Class 1 last year. 你們?nèi)ツ暝谝话唷?They were early this afternoon. 他們今天下午不遲2)否定句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+wasnt/werent+其他成分(was not=wasnt were not=werent)例：I was not at home last night. 我昨晚不在家。You were not in Class 1 last year. 你們?nèi)ゲ荒暝谝话?。They were not early this afternoon. 他們今天下午不早。3)一般疑問句及其回答： Was/Were+主語+其他

5、成分？ Yes,主語+was/were.(肯定回答) No,主語+wasnt/werent.（否定回答）例：1、Was I at home last night？ 我昨晚在家嗎？ Yes,I was./No,I wasnt. 是，我在。/不，我不在。2、Were you in Class 1 last year? 你們?nèi)ツ暝谝话鄦?？Yes,I was./No,I wasnt. 是，我們?cè)凇?不，我們不在。3、 Were they early this afternoon? 他們今天下午早嗎？ Yes,they were./No,they werent. 是，他們?cè)纭?不，他們不早。2、含行為動(dòng)

6、詞的一般過去時(shí)1)肯定句：主語+行為動(dòng)詞過去式+其他成分。v I had a bowl of rice for lunch. 我上午吃了一碗米飯。v You spent weekend with me last time. 你上次和我一起過周末。v They went to Xian a week ago. 他們一周前去的西安。2)否定句：主語+didnt+ 行為動(dòng)詞原形+其他。（did not=didnt）v I didnt have a bowl of rice for lunch. 我上午沒吃一碗米飯。v You didnt spend weekend with me last time

7、. 你上次沒和我一起過周末。v They didnt go to Xian a week ago. 他們一周前沒去的西安。3)疑問句及其回答： Did + 主語 +行為動(dòng)詞原形+其他？ Yes, 主語+ did./No, 主語+didnt.v Did you spend weekend with me last time? 你上次和我一起過周末的嗎？ Yes, I did./No, I didnt. 是，我是。/不，我沒有。v Did they go to Xian a week ago? 他們一周前去的西安嗎？ Yes, they did./No, they didnt. 是，他們是。/不，

8、他們沒有。3、There be句型的一般過去時(shí)1)肯定句： There+was/were+其他成分.v There was a bird in the room just now. 剛才這個(gè)房子里有只鳥。v There were many boys in our class last term. 上學(xué)期我們班有許多男生。2)否定句： There+was/were+not+其他成分.v There was not a bird in the room just now. 剛才這個(gè)房子里沒有鳥。v There were not many boys in our class last term. 上

9、學(xué)期我們班沒有很多男生。3)疑問句及其回答： Was/Were+there+其他成分？ Yes,there+was/were. No,there+wasnt/werent.v Was there a bird in the room just now? 剛才這個(gè)房子里有只鳥嗎？ Yes,there was./No,there wasnt 是的，有/不，沒有。v Were there many boys in our class last term? 上學(xué)期我們班有許多男生嗎？ Yes,there were./No,there werent。 是的，有/不，沒有?！緞?dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成】1、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞

10、的過去式1）、一般詞尾加-ed。 playplayed work worked ask - asked cleancleaned 2）、e結(jié)尾的只加-d。livelived decide decided dance - danced livelived 3） 一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾，重讀閉音節(jié)先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，然后加-ed。stopstopped planplanned drop-dropped beg-begged4）“輔音字母+y”尾，y改為i, 再加 edcarry-carried study-studied2、不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式1）.中間去e，末尾加t   

11、如： keepkept， feelfelt， sleepslept，sweepswept2）.結(jié)尾d變t    如： buildbuilt，lendlent， sendsent，spendspent3）.遇見i改為a   如： ringrang， sitsat， drinkdrank singsang， swimswam， givegave4）.“騎(馬)”“開(車)”“寫(字)”把i變o如：riderode， drivedrove， writewrote5）.“想”“買”“帶來”“打仗”ought換上    th

12、inkthought， buybought， bringbrought， fightfought6）.“教書”“抓住”aught切莫忘 如：    teachtaught， catchcaught7）.ow/aw改為ew是新時(shí)尚 如：    knowknew， growgrew， throwthrew， drawdrew8）.“放”“讓”“讀”過去式與原形一樣 如：  putput，letlet，readread/red/【一般過去時(shí)用法】1.在過去某一時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：He got to school at ten ocl

13、ock last Friday. 他上周五10點(diǎn)到學(xué)校。2.表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,常與often，always等表示頻度的 間狀語連用：I often got up very early at that time. 那時(shí)我經(jīng)很早常起床。3.表示已故人所做的事情。 Comrade Lei Feng did good deeds in his life. 雷鋒同志做了一生的好事。4. 表示過去所發(fā)生的一系列的動(dòng)作,而這一系列的動(dòng)作是從現(xiàn)在的角度來考慮的,不是從動(dòng)作相互之間的關(guān)系這一角度來考慮的。Miss Liu got up at seven oclock this morning, dr

14、essed, had breakfast, and went to work.5、一些句子雖沒有明確的時(shí)間狀語，但表示的意思是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，且與現(xiàn)在毫無牽連，也會(huì)用一般過去時(shí) 如：v What did you say?v What did you think of the film? 【練 習(xí)】I 用括號(hào)里動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. They _ (not watch) TV just now. 2. They _ (carry) water for Grandpa Liu three days ago. 3. Mike and Jack _ (make) the model plane las

15、t month. 4. _ your friends _ (have) a good time in the park that day? 5. My father _ (go) to Beijing a week ago. 6. _ Mary _ (study) at the No. 1 Middle School the year before last? 7. His parents _ (not go) out for a walk after supper yesterday. 8. Where _ (be) Mei Fang last night?II.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1、 They came to China in 1990.(變一般疑問句)2、 _ they _ to China in 1990?3、 2.I was ill for two days last week? (同上)4、 _ yo