名詞性從句講義與真題2012

1、名詞性從句一 概念：在從句中起名詞作用的從句即名詞性從句。它們是：主語從句，賓語從句，同位語從句 和表語從句。二. 引起名詞性從句的詞有三類：從屬連詞；連接代詞；連接副詞 從屬連詞：只起到連接作用，不充當(dāng)成分引起從句的作用，引導(dǎo)賓語從句可省略。That he beat his opp onent in the tennis game en couraged his teammates.He said （that） ano ther child was in fected with bird flu.The fact is that he knows no thi ng about it.Her

2、 dream that she will become a woma n astr on aut is sure to come true.2. whether有語意，“是否”，在從句中不作成分，引導(dǎo)賓語從句可以用if。Whether it is true is not certain.He asked mewhether/if he could ask ano ther questi on.連接代詞：連接名詞性從句；在從句中充當(dāng)成分；主要充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、定語等。1. what有意義，”所的”或隨句子意思而定。在從句中作主語，賓語和表語，也做定語。What makes her diffe

3、re nt from others is her stra nge behavior.This is what I want to say.Please tell mewhat it is.It un certa in what side effect the medic ine will bring about, although about two thousa nd patie nts have take n it.2. who誰”（主語、賓語），whom “誰”（賓語），whose “誰的”（定語）,which（哪一）Who will be chose n is the topic o

4、f con versati on now.I want to know who/whom you really want to see.Whose han dwriti ng is the most beautiful is very clear now.Please tell mewhich book you like best among them.3. 疑問詞+ever也可以引起名詞性從句Whatever was said here must be kept secret.Whoever fails to see this will make a big mistake.I ll giv

5、e it twhoeverlikes it.Parents shouldn t give their chilwreootever he/she wants.連接副詞：在從句中作狀語，分別表時間、地點、方式、原因。1. whe n引起表示時間的名詞性從句，意思是“的時候”或“何時”When we can get rid of the rubbish is still unknown.They didn t kn（when they could meet again.The questi on is when the money can be collected.2. where引起表示地點的名

6、詞性從句，意思是“在的地方”或“到的地方”Where the meeting will be held hasn t been decided.Every one wants to know where the pla nt can be found.3. how引起表示方式的名詞性從句，意思是“的方式”或“如何”The problem is how we can get out of the trouble.How we can get in touch with him is the most important.4. why引起表示原因的名詞性從句，意思是“的原因”或“為什么”Why h

7、e said that rubbish at the meeti ng puzzled me.At last, he told us why he didn t agree with us.三. 名詞性從句的種類：四種一一主語從句，賓語從句，同位語從句和表語從句1. 主語從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語的從句叫主語從句，上述引導(dǎo)詞除if外均可引起主語從句。Who has bee n chose n is still a secret to all.That one believes in on eself in doing everyth ing is very importa nt.注意：主語從句如

8、果偏長，可將其移至謂語動詞之后，前面用it作形式主語。That he is an honest boy is known to all. It is known to all that he is an honest boy.That the Chin ese volleyball team once won six world champi on ships successively is true. It is true that the Chin ese volleyball team once won six world champi on ships.在 It is + insist

9、ed/ordered/commanded/suggested/advised/proposed/demanded/required/requested +that結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動詞常用should+動詞原形。女口： It is suggested thatwe should think twice before we act.It is requested that we should changethe old in strume nt.另外，在 It is necessary/important/strange/surprised that或 It is a pity/shame that也

10、用should +動詞原形如: It is a pity that he should gowithout telling anyone. It is necessary thatyou should tell him the truth.2. 賓語從句：在復(fù)合句中作賓語的從句叫賓語從句，以上連詞都可引導(dǎo)賓語從句。Every one knows that he always gives an swers and n ever ask questi on s,so he is called Mr Kno w-all. It hard to sayhow longthe operati on wi

11、ll last.賓語從句應(yīng)注意的幾個問題： 當(dāng)一個動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，第一個that可以省略，但從第二 個開始不可以省略。He said （that） he would spe nd his win ter holiday in London this year an dthat it would be the first time he would spe nd his holiday alone abroad. 當(dāng)賓語從句有補(bǔ)語時，要用形式賓語it代替，而將賓語從句移至補(bǔ)語后，同時that不可省略。We should make it clear that pro

12、tecti ng the en vir onment is every one s duty.We find it important that one forms a good habit. 在 tell sb. that ;order sb.thatremind; sb.that explain to sb. thatwhjsper to sb.that等結(jié)構(gòu)中that 一般不可省。He told me that he was going abroad n ext mon th.He whispered to methat the man in blue is a policeman. 在

13、be+adj.后的賓語從句中，that可以省略。I m gladhat） I ll see all my fiends soon.I m sureh（at） he will stand on our side. 賓語從句在時態(tài)上要求與主句一致（即時態(tài)呼應(yīng)），也就是說主句為一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可 用任何時態(tài)；如主句為一般過去時，從句應(yīng)應(yīng)為過去時的某種相應(yīng)時態(tài)。當(dāng)然，從句為普 遍真理和自然現(xiàn)象者例外.He says that helives around the corner.He says that he on ceworked as a cook.He said that hewould goab

14、road for further in formatio n.He said that the sunrises in the east. 在某些動詞后的賓語從句中用 虛擬語氣，其結(jié)構(gòu)為should+動詞原形，should可以省略。這些常用動詞是：一個堅決要求 insist ;兩個命令 order,command;四個建 suggest,advise,propose ， recommend 四個要求 ask,demand,request,require注意：insist有兩個意思“堅決要求”和“堅持認(rèn)為”，前者用虛擬語氣，而后者用陳述語 氣（實際時態(tài)）；同樣suggest也有兩個意思“建議”和

15、“表明”或“暗示”，當(dāng)“建議”講 時用虛擬語氣，否則用陳述語氣（實際時態(tài)）。如：He insisted that heshould goto the front.（虛擬語氣）He in sisted that Tom was hon est and hardworki ng.陳述語氣）She suggested that shehould answerthe phone immediately.虛擬語氣）The smile on her face suggested that hwas satisfiecWith the result.(陳述語氣)上述其他動詞后一律用should+動詞原形如

16、They requested that an immediate answeshould begiven.He ordered that the troops(should) start at on ce. 賓語從句種類：a.動詞和非謂語動詞的賓語從句；b.介詞后的賓語從句；c.形容詞后的賓語從 句.介詞后賓語從句特點：As doctors, we must pay atte nti on to what the patie nts compla in of.I am counting on it that you will help me.3. 同位語從句：idea,fact,rumour,

17、message,news,hope,belief,thought,doubt,proof,evid-enc甲romise,probability 等名詞 后出現(xiàn)的that或wh-引導(dǎo)的從句作同位語，人們稱之為同位語從句，同為語從句對所修飾得詞 起解釋說明的作用。They expressed the hopehat they would visit China aga in.There is no doubt that he is not fit for the job.The questi on how they could get the in formati on was brought

18、forward at the meeti ng .The gover nment warned that the rumouithat an earthquake would hit Harbin was not believable 在下列同位語從句中，謂語動詞用should+動詞原形：One s suggesti on /advice/order/requireme nt/request/that如: My suggestion that we should collect money for the poor girl has been taken4. 表語從句：系動詞后的從句為表語從句

19、，除了上述引導(dǎo)此外。連詞as if/as though, because也可以引導(dǎo)表語從句。The man ager s suggesti on tlsat the new products should be put in market as soon as possible.It seems /appearsis if the problem has bee n settled.That what we should do.That where we differ.That was how we were defeated.That was when our football team w

20、as formed.That was why we decided to put off the discussi on.在下列表語從句中，謂語動詞用should+動詞原形：One s suggestion/requirement/orderis that 女口： My suggesti on is that we should givehim ano ther cha nee.Her requireme nt is that sheshould be sento Tibet to work.四. 解題要點：十年高考【2006-2012】英語分類匯編-名詞性從句2012 高考題1.It is

21、by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. which C. thatD. what2.Scientists study human brains work to make computers.A. when B. how C. that D. whether3.Evidence has been found through years of study children s early sleeping problem likely to continue whenthey grow up.A. whyB

22、. howC. whether D. that4.When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen orA. whoever B. wherever C. whatever D. however5.It doesn t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A. howB. whether C. whatD. why6.The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for he c

23、ould find about Mark Twain.A. whereverB. however C. whatever D. whichever7.It doesn t matter you turn right or left at the crossing- both roads lead to the park.A. whetherB. how c. if D. when8.The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but he reached these limits w

24、illdepends on his environment.A. whereB. whether C. thatD. why9.I made a promise to myself this year, my first year in high school, would be different.A. whether B. what C. that D. how10. We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A. who B. whomC. whoeverD. whome

25、ver11. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt he could have expressed it differently.A. whyB. how C. that D. whether12. As many as five curses are provided, and you are free to choose suits you best.A. whateverB. whichever C. wheneverD. wherever13. Everyone in the village is very friendly.

26、 It doesn t matter you have lived there for a short or a long time.A. whyB. how C. whether D. when14.It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.A. whetherB. where C. which D. that15.The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.A. when B. that C. whet

27、her D. how011 北京卷】 A. Which2011 北京卷】 A. what2011 上海卷】A. what2011 上海卷】4.understand. A. why 5.【 2011 山東卷】A. that6.【 2011 山東卷】A. where Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. B. WhatC. ThatD. WhomThe shocking news mad me realize terrible problems we would face.B. howC. thatD.

28、whyThere is clear evidence the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.B. ifC. howD. thatThe message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of B. thatC. whichD. whatI am afraid he s more of a talker than a doer, which is he never finishes anything.B. when C. w

29、here D. whyWeve offered her the job, but I don t knowB. what C. whethershe ll accept it. D. whichothers actually7.【 2011 江西卷】A. this8.【 2011 江蘇卷】A. that9.【 2011 安徽卷】 A. that B. how 10. 【 2011 四川卷】 A. whyB. how11.【2011 遼寧卷】A. what12. 【 2011 遼寧卷】 A. since13. 【 2011 天津卷】 A. what 14.【2011 陜西卷】 A. whyB.

30、when15. 【 2011 重慶卷】 not. A. whether 16. 【 2011 重慶卷 A. whoseThe villagers have already known we ll do is to rebuild the bridge.B. that C. what D. whichIt was never clear the man hadn t reported the accident sooner.B. how C. when D. why His writing is so confusing that it s difficult to make out C. wh

31、o D. whatOur teachers always tell us to believe in C. what D. whichit is he is trying to express.we do and who we are if we want to succeed.Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teachB. who C. how D. why When the news came the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army.B. which

32、C. that D. because Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases.B. which C. that D. whereI d like to start my own bus in ess that s I d do if I had the mon ey.C. which D. whatto read first.It is still under discussion the old bus station should be replaced with a modern

33、hotel orB. whenC. whichD. where34】It is not always easy for the public to see use a new invention can be of to human life.B. whatC. whichD. that17. 【 2011湖南卷】 Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious the problem itself is.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why18. 10 福建 We should respect food and thi

34、nk about the people who don t have we have here and treat foodnicely. A. that B. whichC. whatD. whether19. 10 湖南 Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knewshe was so angry. A. where B. whetherC. thatD. why20. 10 天津 As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start

35、a business here.A. howB. what C. When D. which21. 10 北京 some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. WhetherB. WhatC. ThatD. How22. 10 浙江 How about camping this weekend, just for a change? OK, you want. A. whicheverB. howeverC. whatever D. whoever23. 10 浙江 It is uncertainside

36、 effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients havetaken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether24. 10 上海 One reason for her preference for city life isshe can have easy access to places like shops andrestaurants.A. that B. how C. what D. why25. 10 山東 Before the sales star

37、t, I make a list of my kids will need for the coming season.A. why B. what C. how D. which26. 10 上海 When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he enteri

38、ng27. 10四川 How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely onhe goes with, whether his friends orrelatives. A. what B. who C. how D. why28. 10 全國 I We haven t discussed yetwe are going to place our new furniture.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. where29.10 湖北A. whoI want to be liked and loved forB. wh

39、ereC. whatI am inside. D. how30. 10 全國 n一Have you fini shed the book?-No,I ve read up tothe children discover the secret cave.A.whichB.whatC.hatD.where31. 10 江蘇一 I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.一 That sI don t agree. You should have a more active life.A.whereB.h

40、owC.whenD.what32. 10 北京 Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was it was ratherclosely modeled on his own life.A. whatB. thatC. whyD. whether33. 09 湖南 She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.A. whichever B. however C. whateve

41、r D. whoever34. 09 江西 The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. though35. 09 北京 At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to seeit got any better.A. whenB. howC. whyD. if36. 09 全國 I Could I speak toi

42、s in charge of International Sales please?A. who B. whatC. whoeverD. whatever37. 09 海南 One of the most important questions they had to consider wasof public healthA. whatB. thisC. thatD. which38. 09 陜西A. who39. 09 上海A. what40. 09 四川A. which41.09 天津A. as42.09 浙江No problem.A.WhenB. that43. 09 重慶 We sh

43、ould consider the students request A. thatB. whenC. which44. 09 江蘇 Many young people in the West are expected to leave marriagealmost en tirely up to luck.A. asB. thatThe how to book can be of help towants to do the job.B. whomeverC. no matter whoD. whoeverAs a new diplomat, he often thinks of he ca

44、n react more appropriately on such occasions.B. whichC. thatD. howNews came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.B. whatC. thatD. whereIt is obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future.B. whichC. whetherD. that Is there any possibility yo

45、u could pick me up at the airport?C. whetherD. whatthe school library provide more books on popular science.D. whereC. whichD. whatcould be life s most important decision 45. 09 陜西The how-to book can be of help toA who46. 09山東A. where47. 08北京21st cen tury.48. 08天津A. where49. 08安徽A. how far50. 08湖南A.

46、what51. 08陜西A. what52. 08重慶A.that53. 08浙江speak at home.A. what54.A.It55.A.It56.108福建108山東107全國nwants to do the job.B whomever C no matter who D whoeverThe little girl who got lost decided to rema inshe was and wait for her mother.B. whatC. howD. whoThe compa nies are work ing together to createthey

47、hope will be the best means of tran sport in theA. whichB. thatC. whatD. whoThe last time we had great fun waswe were visit ing the Water Park.B. howC. whe nD. whyStude nts are always in terested in finding outthey can go with a new teacher.B. how soonC. how oftenD. how longWhen askedthey n eeded mo

48、st, the kids said they wan ted to feel importa nt and loved.B.whyC.whomD.whichTomorrow is Tom s birthday. Have you got any ideathe party is to be held?B. whichC. thatD. wherePeople in Chongqing are proud ofthey have achieved in the past ten years.B.whichC.whatD.howSome childre n want to challe nge t

49、hemselves by lear ning a Ian guage differe nt fromtheir pare ntsB. thatC. whichD. oneis known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beiji ng.B.WhatC.AsD.Whichwas most importa nt to her, she told me, was her family.B.ThisC.WhatD.Asmatters most i n lear ning En glish is eno ugh practice.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Whichit is.57. 07 天津 The seaside here draws a lot of tourists ever