動(dòng)詞表示人或事物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

1、動(dòng)詞表示人或事物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。根據(jù)其在句中的功能，動(dòng)詞可分為四類，分別是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（指某個(gè)具體的靜態(tài)如：think, love 等或動(dòng)態(tài)如：run, walk 等）、系動(dòng)詞（常用的是be, feel, get, look, taste等）、助動(dòng)詞（常用的是do, does, did等用來構(gòu)成否定句及疑問句）、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（常用的有can, may, must, shall, should等，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后一定要跟動(dòng)詞原形）。1) 動(dòng)詞的基本形式絕大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞都有五種基本形式：動(dòng)詞原形、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去式和過去分詞。A. 第三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞后

2、要加s或es，其變化規(guī)則與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的方法大體相同：1. 一般情況下只在動(dòng)詞后加s，如work-works, write-writes.2. 以o,s, x, sh, ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，后加es，如guess-guesses, mix-mixes,finish-finishes, catch-catches.3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，改y為i加es，如study-studies.注：不規(guī)則變化的有have-hasB. 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成1. 一般情況下在動(dòng)詞后加ing，如study-studying, work-working.2. 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e再加ing，如write

3、-writing,move-moving.3. 以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要雙寫末尾一個(gè)輔音字母，再加ing，如get-getting, begin-beginning.4. 以ie結(jié)尾的名詞，一般將ie改為y，再加ing，如lie-lying, die-dying, tie-tying.C. 過去式和過去分詞的構(gòu)成1. 一般情況直接加ed，如ask-asked, work-worked.2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，只加d，如love-loved, dance-danced.3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y變?yōu)閕加ed，如try-tried, study-studied.4.

4、 以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫末尾一個(gè)字母，再加ed，如stop-stopped.練習(xí)：I. 用be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. _ your father a worker Yes, he _.2.They _ in the classroom3.Where _ my books4.These _her pears.5.How much _the T-shirt?6.How much _ the socks?7.Our mother _forty last year.8.You can _ in our school music club.9.Let's _f

5、riends.10.He and I _friends.11.Someone _ in the room.12. There _ some apples on the table yesterday.II劃出每句中正確的詞1.(Is/Are)his eraser on the sofa?2.(Where/What)are your baseball?3.(Do/Does)Mary have a clock?4.(Are/Do)they want to see a movie?5. .(Is/Can)she play the violin?6.I (don't/ doesn't)

6、like hamburgers.7.Why does Alice (likes/like)music?8.Who (am/is) your father?9.(What/What's) her favorite subject?10.How much (are/is) her socks?11. I (am, is, was, were) busy last week.12. Tom and I (am, are, was, were) late for school yesterday.13. I (walk, walks, walked, walking) to school la

7、st Saturday.14. Rose (does not, did not, ) visit her uncle last month.15. There (is, was, are, were) a lot of people over there ten years ago.III寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去式。如：look - looks - looking- lookeddrink_ _ _go _ _ _stay _ _ _make _ _ _teach_ _ _ride _ _ _have_ _ _pass_ _ _carry _ _ _come_ _ _watc

8、h_ _ _plant_ _ _fly_ _ _study_ _ _brush_ _ _read_ _ _run _ _ _write_ _ _swim_ _ _get_ _ _say_ _ _take _ _ _see_ _ _begin_ _ _dance_ _ _IV.用所給詞的正確形式填空。1. Let me _ (help) you find your purse.2. Would you like_(buy) things for New Year's Day?3. I like _( make) kites.4. He can_ (skate) better than M

9、E.5. You must _( listen) to your teacher in class.6. They enjoy_(play) basketball.7. She wants_(watch) cartoons.8. It's time for us _( read) books.知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2). 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around th

10、e sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。4. 有時(shí)這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（句中都帶有時(shí)間狀語），但限于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。 如：The meeting begins at seven.會(huì)議7點(diǎn)開始。5.在時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。如：If you come this afternoon, we'll have a meeting.如果你今天下午來，我們將開會(huì)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):1. be動(dòng)詞：主語+be(am ,is, are)+其

11、它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she, it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用的時(shí)間詞：often, usually, sometimes, every day(week, year.)等。練習(xí)：I.用括號內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be)

12、 in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10.

13、 There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. I'm staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18.

14、The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be) it today?It's SaturdayII. 改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.

15、 _5. She don't do her homework on Sundays. _知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3). 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)： be+動(dòng)詞ing.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常見的標(biāo)志詞：now, Look! Listen!現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)還可以表示將來.如:He is flying to Beijing tomorrow.他明天將乘飛機(jī)去北京。練習(xí)：I.用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen ! Some girls

16、_ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look! They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. It's 5 o'c

17、lock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .11.It's ten o'clock. My mother _(lie)in bed.12. What _he _(mend)?13. We _(play)games now.14.What _you_(do) these days?15. _he _(clean) the classroom?16. Who_(sing)in the next room?17. The girl_(like)wearing a sweater. Look!

18、 She _(wear)a red sweater today.II.單項(xiàng)選擇( )1.Look! He _their mother do the housework.A. is helping B. are help C. is help D .is helpping( )2 ._are theboys doing ? They are singing in the room.A .Who B .How C. What D.Where( )3. Don't talk here. My mother _.A. is sleeping B .are sleeping C. sleepin

19、g D .sleep( )4. Danny _. Don't call him.A. is writeing B .is writing C. writing D .writes( )5.-When_ he_ back? - Sorry, I don't know.A. does, come B. are ,coming C. is ,come D. is ,coming( )6. The children _ football.A. is playing B. are playing C. play the D. play a( )7. Listen! She_ in the

20、 classroom.A. is singingB. sing C .to sing D. is sing( )8. It's six in the afternoon. The Greens_ lunch together.A. has B. are having C. have hadD. had had( )9. Some Germans _(visit) our school.A. is visiting B. are visiting C. visit D visiting( )10. I want to know when he _ for New York tomorro

21、w.A. has left B. is leaving C. had left D. has been leavingA. is visiting B. are visiting C. visit D visiting( )15.Some Germans _(visit) our school.知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4). 一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)的用法：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。一般將來時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do；will+ do.一般將來時(shí)常用的時(shí)間詞：tomorrow, next week (month, year),soon, the day after

22、 tomorrow，in+一段時(shí)間等。練習(xí)：I. 填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我將去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3.你們打算什么時(shí)候見面。What time _ you _ _ meet?II. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Today is

23、a sunny day. We_ (have) a picnic this afternoon.2. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.3.Tom often_(go) to school on foot.But today is rainy. He _ (go) to school by bike.4.What do you usually do on weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?5.It's Friday today. What _she_ (do) thi

24、s weekend?She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.6. What _ you_ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.7. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.8. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.9. I _ (plan) for my study now知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5). 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)的用法：間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。1.過去某個(gè)時(shí)間所發(fā)生

25、的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g. I bought a new shirt yesterday.He was a worker two years ago.2.過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。e.g. When I was a child,I often played with fire. Li Lei always walked to school last term.3.談到已故人的情況時(shí)多用過去時(shí)。e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用的時(shí)間詞：yesterday或由其構(gòu)成的短語,yesterday morning由"last "構(gòu)成的短語last year由"時(shí)間段+ago"構(gòu)成的短語, e.g. three days ago; 另外在賓語從句中主句為過去時(shí),一般從句也用過去時(shí).練習(xí)：I. 單項(xiàng)選擇。( ).1 She lived there bef