人教版小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)與練習(xí)

1、1. 一般情況，直接加一般情況，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats2. 以以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches(手表)3. 以以“輔音字母輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變結(jié)尾，變y為為i, 再加再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 但boy-boys4. 以以“f或或fe”結(jié)尾，變結(jié)尾，變f或或fe為為v, 再加再加-es，如：knife-knives leaf-leaves5. 以o結(jié)尾 有生命的加es 無生命的加

2、s，如：potato-potatoes tomatoes photo-photos piano-pianos不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, goose-geese不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式： paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea 在具體句子中

3、我們應(yīng)該把不可數(shù)名詞當(dāng)成單數(shù)看待 寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù) I _him _this _ her _ child _photo _ diary_day_ foot_book_dress_tooth_ sheep _box_peach_ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_wethemthesetheirchildrenphotoesfeetbooksdressesdiariesdayssheepboxespeachesmenwomenjuicepapermilkwaterteeth一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀

4、態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞標(biāo)志詞：often, usually, sometimes, every等一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形。 如： We study English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she, it，my father等)時(shí) 主語(yǔ)(三單)+動(dòng)詞的三單形式（要在動(dòng)詞后加-s或-es） 如：M

5、ary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化 否定句：主語(yǔ)+ dont( doesnt ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。 如： I dont like bread. He doesnt like bread, too. 一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。 如： Do you go to school by bike? Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。 如： Does she go to school by bike? Yes, she does. / No, she d

6、oesnt. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How dou you go to school? How does your father go to work? 動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則 1一般情況下，直接加一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, make-makes 2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如： wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 但play-plays 不規(guī)則變化 have-has 一、一、 寫

7、出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù) drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ do_ teach _ play _二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Mondays.4. Tom _(not go) to the zoo on Sundays.5. _ they _(like)

8、apples?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your father _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. There _(be) some water in the bottle(瓶子).10. Mike _(like) cooking.11. You always _(do) your homework well.12. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.13. Liu Yu

9、n _(do) not like PE.14. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.hasaredont watchdoesnt goDolikesdodolikereadDoeswatchesisteachesgoesdodoes三、按照要求改寫句子1. Jack watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)_ 4. Amy likes playing comput

10、er games.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)_Jack doesnt watch TV every evening.不管是否定句還是疑問句，用上了助動(dòng)詞以后，不管是否定句還是疑問句，用上了助動(dòng)詞以后，后面的行為動(dòng)詞都要使用動(dòng)詞原形。后面的行為動(dòng)詞都要使用動(dòng)詞原形。Do you do your homework every day? No, I dont.Does she like milk? Yes, she does.Does Amy like playing computer games? No, she

11、 doesnt.We dont go to school every morning.1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句肯定句 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be+ 動(dòng)詞ing. 如： I am eating.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句否定句 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be not + 動(dòng)詞ing. 如： I am not eating. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句一般疑問句 基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞ing. 如： Are you eating？現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問句特殊疑問句 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問詞+ be +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ing? 如：What are you eating? 動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞的

12、ing形式（形式（動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞）的變化規(guī)則的變化規(guī)則1 一般情況下直接在動(dòng)詞后面加ing read-reading sleep-sleeping study-studying clean-cleaning play-playing 2 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,去掉字母e，再加ing come-coming make-making ride-riding have-having take-taking write-writing dance-dancing 3 以重讀閉音節(jié)（重讀閉音節(jié)即兩個(gè)輔音中間夾一個(gè)元音并且重讀的音節(jié)）結(jié)尾，呈現(xiàn) “輔，元，輔”結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加in

13、g stop-stopping停 sit-sitting坐 run-running跑 beginbeginning開始 cut-cutting切 get-getting得到 swim-swimming游 dig-digging挖 一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞（即ing形式）：play_ run_swim_ make_go_like_ write_ ski_ read_ have_sing_ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _

14、 ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing) in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook ) the meals now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance ) in the classroom .8.What is your grandmother doing? Sh

15、e _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have) dinner now.10._Helen_(wash ) clothes? Yes ,she is . areis dwawingare singingis cookingwashingdoingare havingarent wateringare dancingis listeningare havingIs三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classr

16、oom . ( 改成一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)_4Tom is reading books in his study . (對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)_ Where is Tom reading books?Are they doing housework?They arent doing housework.Are the students cleaning the classroom?Yes, they are. No, they arent.What are you doing

17、in the playground?一、概念：一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作以及打算或者準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, this weekeng, next day(week, month, year),等。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)： 主 + be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形； 主 +will+ 動(dòng)詞原形. I am going to play football tomorrow（明天）. = I will play football tomorrow. 三、否定句：三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）后加not，主 + be not going to

18、 + 動(dòng)詞原形。 例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句：四、一般疑問句： 把be提到句首，some改為any, 第一二人稱互換。 Be + 主+ going to +動(dòng)詞原形?例如：We are going to swim this weekend. Are you going to swim this weekend? 填空填空1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I

19、 _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時(shí)候見面。 What time _ you _ _ meet? 改句

20、子改句子1. Lucy is going to go hiking.（改否定） Lucy _ _ going to go hiking.2. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑問句） _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?3. She is going to listen to music after school.（對(duì)劃線部分提問） _ _ she _ _ _ after school?4. My father and mother are going to see a film tomorrow.(同上) _ _

21、going to see a film tomorrow?1一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2一般過去時(shí)Be動(dòng)詞的變化： am 和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasnt） are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=werent） 帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí) 肯定句： 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去式？ 如： Jim went home yes

22、terday.否定句： 主語(yǔ)+didnt +動(dòng)詞原形？ 如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑問句： Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？ 如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？ 如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑問詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? 動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則： 1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：clean-cleaned, cook-cooked 2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的在詞尾加d，如：like-liked l

23、ive-lived 3末尾有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 但play-played 5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：am, is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, fly-fle

24、w, , swim-swam 一寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _swim_ kick_ pass_ do _ 二、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last weekend.4. Lucy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm l

25、ast week.5. I _ (make) a snowman with Mike yesterday.6. They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party. 9. She _ (be) happy yesterday.10. Yang Ling _ (be) eleven years old last year. 11. Ther

26、e _ (be) an apple on the plate yesterday. 三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. All the students were very excited. 否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_2. We sang some English songs. 否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_ 3. They played football in the playground.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_ 1、比較級(jí)在句子中的運(yùn)用：兩個(gè)事物或人的比較用比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)后面一般帶有單詞than。一般句式的構(gòu)成： A + is / are+ 形容詞比較級(jí)+ than

27、 + B A 是主格 B 是賓格 如： She is taller than me. 2形容詞加er的規(guī)則： 一般在詞尾加er 如：small-smaller clean-cleaner ； 以字母e 結(jié)尾，加r 如：fine-finer nice-nicer；閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，須先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-er 如：big-bigger hot-hotter ； 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，先把y變i，再加er 如：heavy-haevier easy-easier。3不規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí)： good-better, 一、從方框中選出合適的單詞完成句子 heavy tall lo

28、ng much many big (1) How is the Yellow River? (2) How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm. (3) How are your feet? I wear size 18. (4) How is the white T-shirt? Its 100 yuan. (5) How apples are there in the bag? There are 5. (6) How is the fish? Its 2kg. 二、根據(jù)句意寫出所缺的單詞 (1) Im 12 years old. Youre 14. Im than you. (

29、2) A rabbits tail is than a monkeys tail. (3) An elephant is than a pig. (4) A lake is than a sea. (5) A basketball is than a football. (5) This bag is (beautiful) of the three. 三、根據(jù)中文完成句子. (1) 我比我的弟弟大三歲. Im than my brother. (2) 這棵樹要比那棵樹高. This tree than that one. (3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he. (4) 誰

30、比你重? than you. (5) 他比你更強(qiáng)壯. He is than you. 四、根據(jù)答句寫出問句 (1) Im 160 cm. (2) Im 12 years old. (3) My shoes are 80 yuan. (4) Amys hair is 30 cm long. (5) I have three English books. 1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人） 2、在there be 句型中，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，be 動(dòng)詞用is ; 主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，be 動(dòng)詞用are ; 如有幾件物品，be 動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最接近be 動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定。 3、there be 句型的

31、否定句在be 動(dòng)詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。 4、there be句型與have (has) 的區(qū)別：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have (has) 表示某人擁有某物。 5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運(yùn)用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑問句。 6、針對(duì)數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 地點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)？ 選詞填空 “have, has” or “there is , there are” “is there, are there”1. I _a good fath

32、er and a good mother. 2. _a book on the desk. 3. He _a car. 4. _a basketball in the playground. 5. She _some dresses. 6. They _ a nice garden. 7. What do you_? 8. _many children on the mountain.9. What does Mike_? 10. _any books in thedesk? 11. My father _a story-book. 12. _a story-book on the table. 13. _any flowers in theforest? 14. How many students _in the classroom? 15. My parents _some nice pictu