最新譯林版七年級英語下冊Unit1-4期中復(fù)習(xí)語法梳理

1、七年級下冊7BUnit1-Unit4 期中復(fù)習(xí)語法梳理【知識梳理】一、基本結(jié)構(gòu)一般將來時有兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to do / will do.We will have a picnic in the park this weekend.=We are going to have a picnic in the park this weekend.如果主語是第一人稱，句子是表示征求別人意見的一般疑問句時，用shall， will 用于第二人稱 you, 而 be going to 則不能表示征求別人的意見。例如：Shall we go climbing tomorrow? 我們明天去爬山

2、好嗎？Will you go shopping with me soon? 過會你要不要和我一起去逛街呀？（1）用will構(gòu)成的將來時，表示動作與人的主觀愿望無關(guān)。"shall用于第一人稱，“will ”用于所有人稱。如： I will graduate from this school soon.（ 我很快就要從這所中學(xué)畢業(yè)了）/ Youwill stay alone after I leave.（ 我走了之后你就要一個人過了）（2）“am/is/are going to副詞原形”表示打算或準(zhǔn)備要做的事情，或者主觀判斷即將要發(fā)生的事情,而 “ am/is/are to +動詞原形”

3、表示安排或計劃中的動作。如：A man told them that thewoman was to give birth to the special baby.（ 有一個人告訴他們那個婦女就會生下那個特別的男孩）/ It ' s going to rain soon帙要下雨了）二 、用法詳解1）將來要發(fā)生的動作。We will have a writing competition next Sunday.My mother will buy a coat for me.2）將來一段時間內(nèi)的狀態(tài)。I will work in the shop during this summer h

4、oliday.3）一般將來時的時間標(biāo)志有：tomorrow, soon, this evening, tonight, this weekend, in two days,in 2020, next week 等。常用的時間狀語A. 由 tomorrow 組成的，如： tomorrow morning/evening 明天早晨、晚上the day after tomorrow 后天B.由 next 組成的，如：next Tuesday/Sunday 下周二/日C.由this組成的，如：this afternoon/evening 今天下午/晚上D.由coming組成的，如：the coming

5、 Sunday下個星期天這些表時間的單詞或短語的前面都不能加介詞E.由in組成的，如：in two hours 在2小時內(nèi)，in a few days在幾天內(nèi)in the future 在未來I will finish my work in two days 。We will take par t in Mary ' s birthday party tonight三、句式變化1) 一般將來時的否定句：在be動詞或者will后面直接加not.He won ' t go out because it is raining.He isn ' t going to play

6、the piano this evening.2) 一般將來時的一般疑問句：直接將 be動詞或will提前放到句首。Will you have a test next week?Are you going to join us?3) 一般將來時的特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞開頭，后面加一般疑問句。When will you finish your homework?四、特殊注意點1)主將從現(xiàn)：if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來動作，主句用將來時 If you work hard, you will get better grades.If you eat too much, you will

7、become e, go, arrive, leave, end,2) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來：如果該動作時計劃安排好了的，且動詞是start, end 等表示動向的動詞時，可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來。Christmas is coming.Mr. Smith is leaving for Beijing this evening.3)一般現(xiàn)在時表將來：第一種就是出現(xiàn)在主將從現(xiàn)原則中，其次考查較多的是時刻表。The train leaves at three o clock.數(shù)詞一、數(shù)詞的基本分類1) 基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞，如one, five, ten, thirty, six

8、ty-five 等。2) 序數(shù)詞表示順序先后的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞，如first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。二、數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1、基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1)1-20 表達(dá)英語中有相對應(yīng)的單詞，兩位數(shù)的表達(dá)方法為整數(shù)加個位數(shù)組成，如twenty-one;三位數(shù)如 one hundred and twenty-one,百位和十位之間加 and,后面兩位數(shù)要加 連字符，四位以上只有在百位和十位之間加and,如1134 one thousand, one hundred andthirty-four 。英語中沒有萬，千萬，億等單位，如果需要表示萬的話用thousand 計算 , 如 1,4

9、283fourteen thousand two hundred and eighty-three ；如果需要表示千萬和億的話用million 計算，如 2,1824,5200 two hundred and eighteen million two hundred and forty-five thousand and two hundred 。2)用作基數(shù)詞單位的hundred, thousand, million, billion 不帶復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s,但若用于表示數(shù)百、數(shù)千、數(shù)百萬這樣的泛指，則用復(fù)數(shù)。如：About two thousand people died in the eart

10、hquake. 大約有兩千人在地震中喪生。Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上萬的人到海濱去。3） 表示整十的基數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示人的大約歲數(shù)或年代。如：He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出頭。This took place in the 1930s. 這事發(fā)生在20 世紀(jì) 30 年代。數(shù)詞和名詞，形容詞連用時有連字符和沒有連字符在句中的位置是有區(qū)別的，例如five-year-old 和 five years old. 有連字符的在句中做定語，修飾后面的名詞；無連字符的在句中做表語，放

11、在系動詞后面。The five-year-old boy can dress himself. 那個 5 歲的孩子自己能穿衣服了。My son is a five-year-old boy.我的兒子是一個五歲的男孩。2、序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成許多序數(shù)詞是由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞后加詞尾-th 構(gòu)成的，如four / fourth ， sixteen / sixteenth； twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth等表示整十的序數(shù)詞，由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞將詞尾y改為ie,再加-th構(gòu)成。一二三，特殊記，加 th 從四起；八少t,九少e;逢五與十二，f替ve ;二十到九十，y 變 ie；（ first

12、 ， second， third ）（ 從四開始所有的序數(shù)詞都是以th 結(jié)尾的。）（eight去t加th變成eighth, nine去e加上th變成ninth）（five , twelve 中 ve 變?yōu)?f 再加 th,就成為 fifth , twelfth）（ 2090 等十位整數(shù)的基數(shù)詞都是以y 結(jié)尾的，變成序 數(shù)詞時要變 y為ie,再加th。例如：twentieth, thirtieth等。）若是幾十幾，前基后序要牢記。（這些詞的序數(shù)詞寫法是：十位數(shù)保持基數(shù)詞不變，個位數(shù)改成序數(shù)詞，如：twenty-first, ninety-fifth. ）百位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞：百位數(shù)用基數(shù)詞后面十位數(shù)或

13、個位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞，如：序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式由阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加序數(shù)詞的最后兩個字母構(gòu)成，如：第二百二十two hundred and twentieth第二百零三two hundred and thirdtwo hundred and twentieth - 220thtwo hundred and third - 203rd第九 ninth十九 nineteen第十九nineteenth九十 ninety第九十ninetieth第四 fourth 十四 fourteen 第十四fourteenth 四十 forty 第四十fortieth三、數(shù)詞的用法：1) 序數(shù)詞前通常要用定冠詞，但當(dāng)序數(shù)詞前有形容詞

14、性物主代詞時，通常省略其前的定冠詞。如：Today is my father fosrtieth birthday.有時序數(shù)詞前不用定冠詞，而用不定冠詞，表示次第在原有基礎(chǔ)上的增加。如：We ll have to do it a second time. 我們得再做一次。2)時刻的表示：小時，分鐘，秒鐘都用基數(shù)詞表示，例如：five o'clock, seven thirty, two to eight 等。3) 年，月，日的表示：年份用基數(shù)詞，日用序數(shù)詞。例如：in 1999，五月八號寫作 Maytheeighth表示在幾世紀(jì)這個概念時，用序數(shù)詞。例如：在21 世紀(jì) 寫作 in th

15、e twenty-first century.4) 在分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)，分子須用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞。分子如是1 以上的基數(shù)詞,分母須用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如 1/3 寫作 a/one third ， 3/4 寫作 three fourths。5) 編號的表示：基數(shù)詞放到名詞的后面，前面的名詞要大寫；序數(shù)詞放在名詞的前面，要加定冠詞。例如：Lesson 1， the first lesson.冠詞的用法冠詞分為不定冠詞和定冠詞，不定冠詞a/an 常用來泛指某個人或物，定冠詞 the 常用來指特定的某個人或物。1、不定冠詞a/ana/an 用在表示“一 ”的概念，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目概念。我們在第一次提到某人或某物時，

16、如果是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，常在其前加不定冠詞a/an。"a/an +單數(shù)名詞”表示個”或 某一”。(1)表示個"，相當(dāng)于one,指某人或某物I have a new computer.我有一臺新電腦。(2) 代表一類人或物A knife is a tool for cutting with.刀是切東西的工具。(3) 用于一些習(xí)慣用語中。如a lot of 許多； a little 少量； a kind of 一類。I want a pear. I don t want an apple. 我想要一個梨。我不想要一個蘋果。2、定冠詞the(1) 定冠詞 the 用在談到之前提過的某

17、人或某物前，或特指某(些 )人或物，使其區(qū)別于同類的其他人或事物，相當(dāng)于 this, that, these, those,可以與可數(shù)名詞連用，也可與不可數(shù)名 詞連用。(2) 用于表示上文已提及的人或事物。I have a new bike. The bike is a birthday present from my uncle.我有一輛新自行車。這輛車是我叔叔送給我的生日禮物。(3) 用于表示談話雙方都知道的人或事物。He is waiting for me at the school gate. 他在學(xué)校門口等我。(4) 用于序數(shù)詞和最高級前。This is the first time

18、 for me to visit Beijing. 這是我第一次去北京旅行。Eddie wants to live next to the biggest restaurant in Beijing. 埃迪想住在北京最大的參觀旁邊。(5) 用于世界上獨一無二的事物前。The Earth moves around the sun.地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。(6) 用于方位名詞前。Jiangsu is in the east of China.江蘇位于中國東部。(7) 用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。我們打算去游覽長城。We are going to visit the Great Wall.(8) 用于樂

19、器名詞前。He can t play football, but he can play the violin. 他不會踢足球，但是他會拉小提琴。(9) 與一些形容詞連用，表示一類人，是復(fù)數(shù)概念。In China, the old live a happy life.在中國，老人們過著幸福的生活。(10) 用于姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)前，表示一家人，是復(fù)數(shù)概念。The Greens are having afternoon tea at present. 此刻，格林一家正在喝下午茶。(11) 用于一些習(xí)慣用語中，如：In the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上In th

20、e middle of.在的中間3、零冠詞(1) 專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、人名、地名等名詞前，一般不加冠詞。如：China , America, Smith中國、美國、史密斯(2)可數(shù)名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等限制時，不加冠詞。如：This dictionary is mine.這個字典是我的(3)季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、假日、一日三餐名稱前一般不加冠詞。如：March, May Day, National Day三月、五一勞動節(jié)、國慶節(jié)Did you have supper?你吃午飯了嗎？Spring is the best season of the year.春天是一

21、年中最好的季節(jié)。(4)學(xué)科名稱、球類、棋類名稱前不加冠詞。如：Do you study physics?你學(xué)習(xí)物理嗎？He likes playing football/chess.他喜歡踢足球/下象棋。(5)復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指一類人或事物時前不用冠詞。如：They are workers.他們是工人。(6)在與by 連用的交通工具名稱前不加冠詞。如：They often go to school by bus.他們經(jīng)常坐公交車上學(xué)。批注： in a car, on the bike, take a bus, on the train/ bus 需注意。(7)某些固定詞組中不用冠詞。名詞詞組中：

22、husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night, knife and fork介詞詞組中：to(at, from) school, in (to)class, in (to, at, from)university ( college) ,to( in, into,from ) church, to(in, into, out of)prison(hospital, bed), to(at, from, out of)work, to(in, from) town, at (from)home, to(at)

23、sea, at night(noon, midnight), by car (bus, bicycle, plane), on foot【例題精講】例 1. -Is he going to see you tomorrow?A. Yes, he doesB. No, he doesn ' t C. Yes, he willD. No, he isn例 2. It is too hot today, Simon is going to with his family .A. swimB. swimsC. swimmingD. swimmer例 3. -we go shopping tog

24、ether now?-OK, But you wait for a moment ?A. Shall; shallB. Will; willC. Shall; willD. Will; shall例 4 .visitors come to Changzhou during May Day holidays every year.A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousand例 5 . How was your weekend?Great! It was my grandfather's birthday. We e

25、njoyed ourselves.A. seventyB. seventiethC. the seventieth D. Seventeenth例 6. May is the month of a year.A. fiftyB. fifteenC. fifthD. five例 7. How was dinner at Sandy' shouse?It was great. Sandy' mum is excellent cook.A. a, theB. the, anC. the, theD. a, an例 8.What do you think of idea of taki

26、ng part in ' EarthHour' ?-Wonderful! I ' veever heard of one! We can reduce pollution in this way.A. an; the betterB. the; a betterC. an; a betterD. the; the best例 9. -Who'swoman in blue, do you know?-Oh, she's friend of Anna's.A. the; aB. an; theC. a; theD. the; anDAC ABC BB

27、A【課堂練習(xí)】1. 用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. There(be) a great concert tonight, isn t there?2. -“ I need some paper. “ ”I (bring) some for you.3. I am afraid there (be) a meeting tomorrow. I can t join you.4. your father (go) to work every day last year?5. If she isn t free tomorrow, she (not take) pthaert pinarty.6. I (

28、be) tired. I (go) to bed early tonight.7. We all think their team (win).答案： 1. is going to be2. will bring 3. will be /is going to be4. Did , go5. won t take 6. am , will go7. will win2 .用數(shù)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Even a child knows September is the month of a year. ( nine)2. Three (hundred)of the students are da

29、ncing at the square after supper.3. My family live on the five ) floor of the tall building.4. I ve bought a present for my father s(forty)birthday.5. December is the(twelve) month of it.6. Chinese people plant several (million) trees every year.7. Now (thousand) of people around the world can t get

30、 clean water.8. The doctor advised him to take the medicine (two) a day.Keys ： 1. ninth 2. hundred 3. fifth 4. fortieth 5. twelfth 6. million 7. thousands 8.Twice3 . 單選題1. Shanghai is attractive city. It's such nice place that many tourists come here every summer.A. a; aB. the; /C. an; /D. an; a

31、2. - My son seldom has breakfast.-It is unhealthy habit. You must ask him to change it.A. /; anB. the; anC. /; aD. the; a3. Lady Gaga is very popular singer. She has lots of fans.A. aB. anC. theD. /4. This summer, I'm going to visit Great Wall.A. aB. anC. theD. /5. Every day, Cathy eats apple to

32、 keep fit.A. aB. anC. theD. /Keys : DAACB課堂檢測單選題一：1. Can you show me pen? This one is too expensive.A. other B. others C. another D. the other2. I ' m afraid riding to school less time than taking the bus.A. spends B. takes C. costs D. pays3. We ' ll have a walk.A. ten minutes B. ten-minutes

33、 ' C. ten-minuteD. ten minute ' s4. -Whatyour cat like?-It ' s friendly and cute.A. doesB. is C. areD. do5. -Do you know old woman in front of the South Gate?-Of course. She is our neighbor,80-year-old woman.A. an ; anB. the; an C. an; theD. the; the6. These are cards. They are.A. ours,

34、theirB. our, his C. ours, theirsD. our, your7. difficult work the engineer is busy doing! What can we do to help him?A. WhatB. What a C. HowD. How a8. Tom spends on English. Now he is at it.A. enough time, enough goodB. enough of time, enough goodC. enough of time, good enough D. enough time, good e

35、nough9. -What about going rowing this weekend? -That great.A. hearsB. is sounds C. soundsD. sounds like10. - Can you write the number-“fiveeitghhotusand six hundred and twenty- six ”.-Yes. It s.A. 8500060026B. 8560026C. 85626D. 8506002611. Our teachers often say three years really short. They hope e

36、verybody canstudy hard.A. beB. isC. areD. to be12. -How soon shall we start the bicycle trip?A. In three days B. In three days timeC. Three days ago D. Thr ee days later13. The teacher tells us .A. don t play on the roadB. not be late againC. come to school on footD. not to go to school late14. Jim,

37、 with his parents, back to London next week.A. is goingB. are goingC. will goesD. goesThe nurse says to15. Take this medicine and it will make you better soon.the boy.A. to feel, sickB. feel, sickC. feeling, ill D. feels, ill答案： CBCBB BADCC BBBAB單選題二1. It s unusual thing for e-igyhetar-old girl to f

38、ind UFO.A. a; a; aB. an; an; aC. an; a; anD. a; an; an2. How much does it to fly from Nantong to Beijing?A. costB. payC. spendD. take3. You afraid of doing homework. You know, it' s easy. Just be careful.A. don ' t have to B. have to beC. don ' t have D. don ' t have to be4. Do you s

39、hare the room your brother or have bedroom?A. and; your own B. with; yourself C. with; your own D. and; yourself 5.the road, then the fruit shop and you' ll see the hospital.A. Walk. cross; walk passB. Across; pastC. Walk across; passD. Cross; past6. Tim stopped and lay on the ground, so we all

40、stopped what happened to him.A. to run, to seeB. running, to see C. to run, seeing D. running, seeing7. Who are you waiting the school gate, Millie?A.不填B. forC. for atD. at8. Mr Li doesn ' t have a good.asetoh do much every day.A. work; jobB. job; workC. job; jobD. work; work9. -Why are you in a

41、 hurry, Jack?-There a basketball game in ten minutes.A. are going to beB. will haveC. is going to have D. will be10. The birds flies the window quickly when Jack tries to catch it.A. acrossB. crossC. throughD. along1-5 BADCC 6-10 BCBDC課后練習(xí)詞匯A.根基中文，英文釋義或句意，寫出所缺單詞。1. Which one would you like to choose

42、 among these （工作）？2. Gong Li is a（well-known） film star.3. Your mother looks（ 擔(dān)心）about your poor eyesight.4. I think you are clever enough to work put this Maths problem on your.5. She often misses P.E. lessons because of her 廨）.6. Someone is sleeping. Please open the door（悄悄地）7. -Can you tell me th

43、e（游客）names?-Sorry, I don t know them, either.8. A （a man who works in the police station） stops Mr. White s car on hhisway to work.8. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。luck hear it work sixtyhour9. We are looking forward to from your soon.10. , they couldn t find their way home .11. Her flat is four floor below .12. What

44、 a lovely dog! Do you know name?13. We will have an rest after finishing the work.14. I was born in the .15. The story comes from one of Mo Yan s .C.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空be sing look not play rain16. -Let us go out playing, will you?-Can t you see it ? Just stay at home and do some reading.17. Will you please

45、 compu ter so long? It s unhealthy.18. It s so wonderful a place. We can smell flowers and hear birds every day.19. There a sports meeting in our school tomorrow, isn t there?20. Don t worry. The police after your lost dog now.三句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. If you study hard, you will be good at all the subjects. （同義句） ha

46、rd, you will be good at all the subjects.2. You will have a two-day holiday, right? （ 同義句）You will have a holiday, right?3. She will come back in two hours.（對劃線部分提問） will she come back?4. Sometimes she goes to work by car.（同義句） Sometimes she work.5. It takes Mum lots of time to do housework every da

47、y.（ 同義句） Mum lots of time every day.四、根據(jù)所給首字母短文填空We have been in Australia for three days. We're having a w 1 time here. Australia is the sixth largest country in the world. There is so much to see that it is impossible for me to tell you everything. Sydney is a beautiful city. There are many bi

48、g trees and colorful flowers a 2 the houses and they l 3 really beautiful. There arealso some s 4 animals in Australia, such as kangaroos and koalas. They are really lovely.During the past three days we've visited many p 5 of interest aroundSydney. I'd like to s 6 more time here. But we s 7

49、fly to anothercity, Cairns, to see coral beds（珊瑚礁）tomorrow. It is said that words cannot describe the beauty of the colorful corals. Many f 8 cartoon films were made there. We canenjoy o 9 in Cairns this time tomorrow. I' m looking forward to gthere !..9.10.五、任務(wù)型閱讀These days, a new kind of restaurant is becoming popular. People who go there can not only enjoy their meals, also can enjoy playing computer games and have fun with their family and friends on line. Sailor is the restaura