九上語法提綱及答案

1、初三上英語期末復習提綱一語法部分班級姓名號數(shù)一、現(xiàn)在完成時。1. 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的構成 ：2. 現(xiàn)在完成時常與下列詞或短語連用：3. for 與 since:fo葉一段時間，for two hours/days/years.Since: 1） si nce+ 表示過去的一個時間點 ，si nee 2003, si nee last year.2）sin ce+ 一段時 iMI+ago, since two hours/days/years ago3）si nce+ 從句（用一般過去時態(tài) ）.I have lived here si nee I came to Chi na.4. have/has

2、 been to, have/has gone to 禾口 have/has been in:1）have/has been to:去過某地，已回（表示某人的一種經(jīng)歷 ），可以和 once, twice, ever, never ,before連用.e.g. I have ever bee n to Beiji ng. He has n ever bee n to Hong Kong.2）have/has gone to:到某地去了（說話時已經(jīng)離開此地，在去某地的路上或已經(jīng)在某地，一般說來此句型只用 于第三人稱，不能與上面的時間狀語連用e.g. 一 Where is your father?

3、一 He has gone to England.3）have/has been in+地點.表示在某地待了多長時間，常與表示時間的狀語連用，如 for./since.e.g. Andy has been in China for 2 years.（立匕處不用 come to）5. 短暫性（終止性）動詞的完成時態(tài)不能和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用，如果它需要與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用，要發(fā)生下列變化：buy borrow die leave begi nclose oin ope n get to know marry end fall ill ope n come become 相關練習:

4、(%1)單項選擇。()1. -Is Jim in the office? -No, he to the dining hall.A. goes B. would go C. has gone D. had gone()2. -Where is your father? He Beiji ng.A. has bee n toB. has gone toC. has bee nD. has gone()3. Not only Jane but also Maria the movie already.A. has see nB. have see nC. sawD. see n()4. Don&#

5、39;t retur n the video to Peter. I it.A. don't watch B. won't watch C. have n't watchedD. was n't watch ing)5. -Have you improved your spoke n En glish? - Yes, I have. Fve improved a lot.A. already; already B, already; yetC. yet; alreadyD. yet; yet)6. -Have you see n the film? -Yes.

6、I saw it three years.A. ago; beforeB.ago; agoC.before; agoD.before; before)7. -How long have you your watch? It looks new. -Only about three weeks.A. hadB. boughtC. receivedD.borrowed)8.1 my lunch already. I it at school half an hour ago.A. have had; hadB. had; havehad C. have had; have had D. had;

7、had)9. Tim was so tired yesterday that he slept 14 hours.A. atB. fromC. forD. sin ce)10. Mrs. King has America since 1999.C. gone inD. bee n inA. gone toB. bee n to（二） 用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. The city (change) greatly in recent years.2.1 (be) to Beijing many times.3. So far, no one ( break) his record.4. Gre

8、at changes (take) place in my hometown in the past few years.5. Since the program (start) , it (help) hundreds of people.6. Jack (shut) the door a few minutes ago.7. The door (close) since a few minutes ago.8. In the past, people often ( keep) in touch with their friends by letter.9. He often (jump)

9、 rope in his free time.10.1 ( buy) my new dress when it was on sale.(三)句型轉換。1. The movie began at 7:00 p.m.(改為同義句)The movie 7:00 p.m.2. They borrowed my books two days ago,(改為同義句)They my books two days.3. The Gree ns came to Chi na in 2008.(改為同義句)The Gree ns Chi na 2008.4. Peter has read the story a

10、lready,(改為否定句)Peter the story.5. He5s never been to America, ?(反意疑問句)6. He joined the club a few mon ths ago.(改為同義句)He the club a few mon ths.二、被動語態(tài)。1. 概念：英語語法有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)兩種。主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，叫做主動語態(tài)；主語是動作的承 者，叫做被動語態(tài)。e.g. We clean the classroom every day.我們每天打掃教室。(主動語態(tài))The_classroom_is_cleanMby us ） every day.

11、教至每天被（我們）打掃。（被動語態(tài)）2. 被動語態(tài)的基本構成是“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”。助動詞有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，其變化則與其作為系動詞時的變化完全一樣。一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)構成為：主語+am/is/are+及物動詞的過去分詞。_般過去時的被動語態(tài)構成為：_般將來時的被動語態(tài)構成為： 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)構成為： 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)構成為： 3. 主、被動語態(tài)的轉換 主動語態(tài)：主語+及物動詞+賓語（+其它）被動語態(tài)：主語 +be+及物動詞過去分詞 +by+賓語（+其它）by的賓語時,要用注意：主動、被動互轉時，時態(tài)不變。主動句的主語是代詞的主格形式，變成被動句 賓格形式。e.

12、g. People grow rice in the south. 一 .zR 稻被南方的人們種植She takes care of the baby.這個嬰 J L ill 她照顧。to注意： make sb. do sth., see/hear sb. do sth. 這樣的詞組變成被動語態(tài)時要添加 如： The boss made the workers work for a long time.The workers were made to work for a long time by the boss.4.沒有被動語態(tài)的詞：不及物動詞是沒有被動語態(tài)的。常見的詞有：happen （

13、發(fā)生），take place （發(fā)生），rise （上升，上漲）,grow （生長）等。注：grow當"種植"講 被動語態(tài)。一部分表狀態(tài)的及物動詞也沒有被動語態(tài)，e.g. have （有），fit （適合），一般系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，e.g. feel （感覺），turn （變成），taste （嘗起來），cost （值錢），weigh （重）等。 sou nd （聽起來），smell （聞起來）,時有get （變得）等。相關練習:（一）單項選擇。)1. 一 What a nice classroom! 一 It every day.A. clea nsB, has clea

14、 nedC. is clea nedD. must clea n)2. He is made fourtee n hours a day.A. workB. to workC. worked)3. Don't throw about your n ewspaper!D. work ingSorry, I'm busy now. They will later.A. collectB. be collectC. be collected D. collected)4.I won't have a trip to Mou nt Hua ng unl ess Amy, eit

15、her. You mea n you'll go if Amy goes?A. will in vite B. i nvitesC. is in vitedD. will be in vited)5. Who broke the wi ndow? ItA. is broke nB. was broke n C. has broke nby the boy who lives the n ext door.D. breaks一 A lot of new roads, I think.)6.一 What should we do first if we want to develop ou

16、r village?A. have to build B. must build C. have built ( D. must ItlWthere are ma ny treasures in the pyramids.A.saysB,said)8. We to close the windows before we left the lab.A. tellB. toldC.is saidC. are told(%1)9. The book I bought yesterday well now.A. soldB. sells)10. Childre n a good en viro nme

17、nt to live in.A. should giveB, should be givenC. is soldC. give用所給詞的適當形式填空。D.is say ing D. were toldD. was soldD. be give n1. The grass( cut) once a week.2. All my letters( write ) on black paper with a green pen in the past.3. So far, many manned spaceships(send) up into space by China.4. Mr. Lee t

18、old him how computers(use) during space travel.5. The windows of our classroom(clean) once a week.6.1 thought the cake(taste) delicious.7. Do you know who(i nvent) the laptop?I don't kno w. I only know it(i nvent) in Japa n.8. Many trees and flowers(plant) in our school next year.9. My watch(ste

19、al) when I was on the bus.10. The film(show) tomorrow.(%1)句型轉換。1. We speak English as a second language.(改為被動語態(tài) )En glish as a sec ond lan guageTom athome?computer games every day?2. Does Tom often do the housework at home?(改為被動語態(tài))the housework ofte n3. Are computer games played by you every day? (改

20、為主動語態(tài) )4.1 saw the teacher leave the classroom with a book in his hand.(改為被動語態(tài) )The teacher was the classroom with a book in his hand.5. They gave the children many old books.(改為被動語態(tài) )Many old books the childre n.三、定語從句。1. 在復合句中作定語，修飾主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句，叫做定語從句。被定語從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞，通常位于定語從句之前。2. 引導定語從句的關系代詞有o3.

21、在下面的幾種情況下，只能使用that引導一個定語從 句，不能使用which。女口：(1)當先衍調(diào)被序數(shù)詞修飾斌，關系代詞用洗血，不用which o女口：This is the first trip that I have made in my life.這是我有生以來的第一次岀行。當先行詞 被形容詞最高級以及l(fā)ast, any, only, few, much, very, no等修幼時，關系代詞用that ,不用which o如：The most difficult problem that I met with is how to get en ough money to buy thes

22、e books.(3)當先行詞桐介或盼以上時(既有人又有物)，關系代詞用that,不用which o如：Please write down the things(4)(5) (and the persons that we talked about last Friday.當先行詞是 much, little, everything, anything, none, no 以及由 no 構成的復合詞睫 , 關系代詞 which 。如：All the pears that fell down are eaten by the pigs. 掉下來的梨全被豬吃光了。She took away eve

23、rything that belonged to her. 她拿走了屬于她的所有的東西。當主句是用who 提問的問句時，用 that。Who is the man that is reading a book over there?)1. That is the most beautiful mountain I have visited.A. which, ever B. that, never C. which, never D. that, ever用 that, 不用相關練習：)2. The radio last week has been out of order, ( 壞 了 ).

24、A. I bought B. I bought it C. which I bought it D. what I bought )3.1 like movies scary monsters.( 怪獸 ).A. who has B. that have C. which has D. that is)4. The house is very old.( 選出錯誤的一項 )A. which we live in B. in that we live C. where we live D. that we live in)5. The two high school students fough

25、t bravely against bad persons on the bus in Jiangxi were highly praised.A. whoB, whom)6. The coat of cotton is mine.A. madeB, is madeC. whichD. whoseC. which madeD. that made)7. The house door is broken has been destroyed in the fire.A. whoB, whomC. which)8.1 still remember the college and the teachers I visited in London years ago. C. thatA. whatB. whoD. whoseD. which)9. The home of tea,has more than 4000 years of history, is China.A. thatB, whichC. whoC. what10.11.The doctor is very famous. She went to the United States with the doctor. ( 將兩個句子合并為一句The doctor sh