第四節(jié)第四次課隨堂筆記VIP

1、課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供第四次課 隨堂筆記今天依然來(lái)講中心思想題為什么“中心思想題”講了四節(jié)課之久？中心思想這個(gè)話題展開來(lái)講有很多，四節(jié)課已經(jīng)很濃縮了希望你能讀懂文章來(lái)做對(duì)題目，怎么樣才叫讀懂文章？理解了中心思想就是讀懂了文章。細(xì)節(jié)題不單獨(dú)拿出來(lái)講，細(xì)節(jié)題在全文講解的過(guò)程當(dāng)中已經(jīng)有所涉及。細(xì)節(jié)題不推理。中心思想題選項(xiàng)中不同類型詞匯的做題意義：順序不要亂1.名詞關(guān)注范圍2.形容詞（及還有感彩的動(dòng)詞和名詞）縮小范圍的基礎(chǔ)上，來(lái)確定方向3.副詞精確的校驗(yàn)我們的第 12 節(jié)課我們從文章的角度來(lái)考慮如何做中心思想題第 3 節(jié)課我們從題目的角度來(lái)考慮如何做中心思想題第二遍、第三遍做的時(shí)候要把思路整理出

2、來(lái)?！咀⒁狻恐行脑~同義替換1.選項(xiàng)中2.文章中例如：2011 年text2 滿篇文章都有CEO 這個(gè)概念，特別顯眼。但是不能因?yàn)榭吹?CEO課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供就貿(mào)然排除 30 題中的 C 和D 選項(xiàng)。因?yàn)镃 和D 中有CEO 的同義改寫。中心思想題的方法：1.串線：將各段首末句串成一個(gè)整體，注意轉(zhuǎn)折處【已講】2.中心詞：文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的高頻詞【已講】3.中心句的方法：文章開頭提問(wèn)的回答對(duì)該問(wèn)題的回答，與中心思想密切相關(guān)。獨(dú)句段獨(dú)句段為什么成為了獨(dú)句段？是因?yàn)樗匾?，其他句子沒有資格和他成為一段。所以他可能成為中心思想。但是能成為獨(dú)句段的句子一定是長(zhǎng)難句。文章不可能全篇都是長(zhǎng)難句，一

3、定是長(zhǎng)短結(jié)合的。文章中的長(zhǎng)難句，不可能讓你一遍讀懂，肯定要讀 23 遍。當(dāng)長(zhǎng)短句結(jié)合的時(shí)候，一篇文章 20 分鐘是很合適的。拿著筆在卷子上一定要對(duì)長(zhǎng)難句進(jìn)行分析，甚至 23 遍。不能因?yàn)樗y，就把長(zhǎng)難句給略過(guò)了。2010 年英語(yǔ)（一）text1這篇文章是英語(yǔ)的一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，它難就難在了長(zhǎng)難句，長(zhǎng)難句的數(shù)量增加。第一段：報(bào)紙中藝術(shù)在Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching

4、has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage【. 獨(dú)句段】讀長(zhǎng)難句抓住干，但是抓主干沒有那么容易。所以我們反其道而行，我們?nèi)サ舴侵髡n程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供干。介詞引導(dǎo)的一定是非主干。第二段：It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism

5、（=coverage） could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number ofthe most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed

6、 suitable forpublication in general-circulation dailies.第三段：We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews（ =criticism=coverage ） published in England between the turn of the 20thcentury and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism

7、 was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the eventsthey covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers whowore their learning ligh

8、tly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest,could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “Sofew authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own endup in journalism,”wrote, “that I am

9、 tempted to define journalism as a課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are .”第四段：Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, whowrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in1975, is now known solel

10、y as aDuringhislifetime,though, classical-music critics, a stylistwriter of essays on the game of cricket.hewasalsooneofEnglandsforemost so widely admired that his Autobiography(1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is

11、 now in print, and his vast bodyof writings on music is unknown save to specialists.第五段：Is there any chance that Carduss criticism will enjoy a revival? Theprospect seems remote（ =decline ） . Journalistites had changed longbefore his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richlyuphols

12、teredVicwardianproseinwhichhespecialized.Moreover,the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat. (428 words)25.What would be the best title for the text?Aof the Good Old Days范圍太大，這篇文章翻來(lái)覆去都在講報(bào)紙中的一個(gè)版塊藝術(shù)評(píng)論的。B The Lost Horizon in Newspapers【】Lost Horizon 這是一個(gè)修辭，查過(guò)文章的出處之后，文章的標(biāo)題就是這

13、個(gè)。題目都Newspapers課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供就自帶著標(biāo)題的。Lost Horizon 消失是出題人出的，除了中心思想題。因?yàn)榱说牡仄骄€，比喻的就是文中的藝術(shù)評(píng)論。C Mournful Decline of范圍太大了，比newspaper 的范圍還大。D Prominentin Memorycritic 是指一個(gè)“人”，而不是指“藝術(shù)評(píng)論”。criticcriticism 這是一個(gè)很大的干擾選項(xiàng)。2010 年2016 年的出題套路變了，我們要摸清楚 2010 年2016 年的出題套路?！鞠旅媾e例說(shuō)明中心思想題愛走文藝英語(yǔ)（一）2007 年text1】中心思想題愛走文藝25.Whic

14、h of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text tries toconvey?ABCD“Faith will move mountains.” “One reaps what one sows.” “Practice makes perfect.”“Like father, like son.”英語(yǔ)（一）2007 年text335.Which of the following is the best title for this text?A The Middle Class on the AlertB The Mi

15、ddle Class on the CliffC The Middle Class inCriticsJournalism課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供D The Middle Class in Ruins英語(yǔ)（一）2011 年text230.Which of the following is the best title for the text?A CEOs: Where to Go?B CEOs: All the Way Up?C Top Managers Jump without a NetD The Only Way Out for Top Performers英語(yǔ)（二）2011 年t

16、ext230. The most appropriate title for this text would be.AAmerican Newspapers：Struggling for SurvivalBAmerican Newspapers：Gone with the WindCAmerican Newspapers：A Thriving BusinessDAmerican Newspapers：A Hopeless Story專題：串聯(lián)題干推測(cè)中心先題后文對(duì)于做題而言更有效率英語(yǔ)（二）2011 年text226. By saying “ Newspapers like their own

17、 doom”(Para. 1)， the authorindicates that newspapers.27. Somenewspapersrefuseddeliverytodistantsuburbsprobably課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供because.28. Compared with their American counterparts（對(duì)應(yīng)物，翻譯成：Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they.），29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph aboutnews

18、paper business？thecurrent30. The most appropriate title for this text would be.AAmerican Newspapers：Struggling for SurvivalBAmerican Newspapers：Gone with the WindCAmerican Newspapers：A Thriving BusinessDAmerican Newspapers：A Hopeless Story報(bào)紙還是不錯(cuò)的，所以排除B 和D 選項(xiàng)這種表達(dá)大的方向，評(píng)價(jià)的選項(xiàng)。題干僅僅是給一些提示，不是說(shuō)看了題干就直接做題了。原文

19、：第一段：Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemednear. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San FranciscoChroniclewerechroniclingtheirowndoom.America'sFederalTradeCommission launche

20、d a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them? It willhold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供第二段：In much of the world there is little sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers

21、have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled corner of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few yearsago, but profit all the same.第三段：It has not been much fun. Many paper

22、s stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13, 500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved

23、 the right ones and，sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.第四段：Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came fro

24、m advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.第五段：The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much ofthe damage has been concentra

25、ted in areas where newspapers are least課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in thenewspaper business.文章

26、雖然提出了報(bào)紙業(yè)的一些問(wèn)題，但是并沒有說(shuō)它會(huì)。英語(yǔ)（一）2008 年text121. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?A Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.B Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.C Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.D Men and women show di

27、fferent inclinations when faced with stress.22.Dr. Yehudas research suggests that womenA need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress.B have limited capacity for tolerating stress.C are more capable of avoiding stress.D are exposed to more stress.23.According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confr

28、ont tends to be24.The sentence “I lived from paycheck to paycheck.” (Line 6, Para. 5) showsthat課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A Strain of Stress: No Way Out?B Responses to Stress: Gender DifferenceC Stress Analysis: What Chemicals SayD Gender Inequality:

29、 Wonder Stress【】確認(rèn)一下英語(yǔ)（一）2009 年text226. In paragraphs 1 and 2 , the text shows PTKs.27. PTK is used to.28. Skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to.29. In the last paragraph, a problem commercial genetic testing faces .is30. An appropriate title for the text is most likely to be.A

30、Fors and Againsts of DNA TestingB DNA Testing and Its Problems 【】C DNA Testing Outside the LabD Lies behind DNA Testing的時(shí)候不能夠直接看完題干和選項(xiàng)就做題目，先題后文是一個(gè)“助攻”，它可以課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供幫你預(yù)判文章。最后還是要通過(guò)“串線”來(lái)確認(rèn)你的預(yù)判是否正確。英語(yǔ)（一）2013 年text331. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by.32.The IUCNs “Red List” suggest th

31、at human being are.33.Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?34.To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to.35.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A Uncertainty about Our Future【】B Evolution of the Human SpeciesC The Ever-bright Prospects of MankindD Sc

32、ience, Technology and Huma英語(yǔ)（一）2014 年text226.Alot of students take up law as their profession due to.27.Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in mostAmerican states?28.Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from.課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供29.The guild-like ownership structur

33、e is considered “ restrictive ”because it.partly30.In this text, the author mainly discusses. Aflawed ownership of Americas law firms and its causes Bthe factors that help make a successful lawyer in AmericaCa problem in Americas legal profession and solutions to it【】Dthe role of undergraduate studi

34、es in Americas legal education咱們?cè)诘臅r(shí)候能夠看到題干中有重復(fù)的內(nèi)容，能夠有所察覺即可。2012 年英語(yǔ)（二）Text 1先看題干：21. It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework.22. L.A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly becausepoorstudents.同義改寫23. According to Paragraph 3, one problem with the policy is that it may.24. As men

35、tioned in Paragraph 4, a key question unanswered about homeworkis whether.25. A suitable title for this text could be.這篇文章我們串聯(lián)完題干之后第一段：課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提供Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents, but （遞進(jìn)）in recent years it has been particularly scorned. School district

36、s across the country, most recently Los Angeles Unified, are revisingtheir thinking on his educational ritual.（傳統(tǒng)） Unfortunately【】,L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible【】 policy which mandatesthat with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a stud

37、ents academic grade.讀文章讀的就是形容詞，因?yàn)樾稳菰~富含感彩，富含感彩那么就意味著出現(xiàn)了作者的觀點(diǎn)。如何區(qū)分觀點(diǎn)和例子？通過(guò) believe 這些單詞來(lái)已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了。當(dāng)出現(xiàn)感彩十分詞匯表著作者的觀點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)了。inflexible【】（ADJ-GRADED）不可改變的；不容變更的Something that is inflexible cannot be altered in any way , even if the situation.（ADJ-GRADED）頑固的，的If you say that someone is inflexible ,you are critici

38、zing them because theyrefuse to change their mind or alter their way doing things.21. It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework.【細(xì)節(jié)題】Ais receiving more criticism【】Bis no longer an educational ritual【與原文意思相反】文中只說(shuō)對(duì)“傳統(tǒng)”的一個(gè)反思，但沒有說(shuō)“傳統(tǒng)”丟失Cis not required for advanced courses【細(xì)節(jié)信息干擾】課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)網(wǎng)友情提

39、供Dis gaining more preferences 【與原文意思相反】第二段：This rule is meant to address （ 處理） the difficulty that students from impoverished （ =poor ） or chaotic homes might have in completing their homework. But the policy is unclear and contradictory. Certainly, no homeworkshould be assigned that students cannot

40、 complete on their own or that they cannot do without expensive equipment. But if the district is essentially giving a pass to students who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, it is going riskily close to the implication that standards need to belowered for poor children.細(xì)節(jié)

41、題，好的句子就是你的解題依據(jù)。22. L.A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly because poor students.Atend to have moderate expectations for their educationBhave asked for a different educational standardCmay have problems finishing their homework【】Dhave voiced their complaints about homework第三段：District ad

42、ministrators say that homework will still be a pat of schooling; teachers are allowed to assign as much of it as they want. But with homework counting for no more than 10% of their grades, students can easily skip halftheir homework and see very little difference on their report cards. Some課程更新務(wù)必加酷學(xué)

43、網(wǎng)友情提供students might do well on state tests without completing their homework, but what about the students who performed well on the tests and did their homework? It is quite possible that the homework helped. Yet rather thanempowering teachers to find what works best for their students, the policyim

44、poses a flat, across-thrule.詞（little）往往也是出題的重點(diǎn)。23. According to Paragraph 3, one problem with the policy is that may.Aresult in students' indifference to their report cards（成績(jī)單）【×】Bundermine the authority of state tests【×】（沒有談及）Crestrict teachers' power in education【×】it整個(gè)第三段，都不是主體。Ddiscourage students