初中英語被動語態(tài)講解-練習(xí)及答案

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上被動語態(tài)一、 考點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)回顧【詞匯辨析】1. across, through 穿過 across指從一定范圍的一邊到另一邊。動作是在物體的表面進(jìn)行。常用于橫穿街道、河流，穿過橋梁等。eg: They walk across the bridge. 他們步行走過了這座橋。through 側(cè)重從物體的內(nèi)部空間穿過，動作是在物體內(nèi)部進(jìn)行。常用于門、窗戶、森林等。eg: He walks through the park. 他步行穿過公園。 2. ill，sick“生病的”。ill只在系動詞后作表語 eg: Her mother was ill in bed. si

2、ck 既可作表語 eg: Her mother was sick in bed.    也可作定語 eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother. 若ill作定語，譯為“壞的，惡劣的” eg: an ill person一個壞人sick作表語時也常譯為“惡心的，想吐的“eg: The boy always feels sick when he travels by car.【固定搭配】 動詞+ 名詞/ 代詞/ 副詞+ 介詞make room for給.騰出地方 eg: We can make room for her at

3、this table.play a joke on戲弄人；對人惡作劇 eg: We cant play a joke on law.speak highly of稱贊 eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service.say good bye to告別；告辭 eg: I don't want to say good bye to them.take an active part in積極參加 eg: They take an active part in school activities.take care of照顧；照

4、料；注意 eg: Could you take care of my plants while I'm on vacation?【被動語態(tài)】（一）語態(tài)：英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。例如：Many people speak Chinese. 謂語：speak的動作是由主語many people來執(zhí)行的。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主語English是動詞speak的承受者。（二）被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)由“助動詞

5、be及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。現(xiàn)以speak為例說明被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。一般現(xiàn)在時：amisarespoken一般過去時：waswerespoken一般將來時：willshall bespoken現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：amisare beingspoken過去進(jìn)行時：was/were beingspoken現(xiàn)在完成時：havehas beenspoken過去完成時：had been + spoken（三）被動語態(tài)的用法（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。例如：Some new computers were stolen last night

6、.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。（不知道是誰偷的） This bridge was founded in 1981.這座橋竣工于1981年。（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是邁克打破的。This book was written by him.這本書是他寫的。Your homework must be finished on time.你們的家庭作業(yè)必須及時完成。（四）主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法（1）把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。（2）把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)（be過去分詞） （根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及

7、原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式）。（3）把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。例如：All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree. A tree was cut down by him.（五）含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變成被動句時，由“情態(tài)動詞be過去分詞”構(gòu)成We can

8、repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.It should be done at once.（六）特殊情況1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday. The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.2.Mother never lets me watch TV . I am never let to watch TV by moth

9、er.3.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now. （1）A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now. （2）Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.常見的句型結(jié)構(gòu)：It is(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought.）that.大家同意（相信、決定、希望、認(rèn)為）.It is(was)well known that.眾所周知It is(was)taken for gra

10、nted that.被視為當(dāng)然It must be remembered that.務(wù)必記住.It mustnt be forgotten that.千萬別忘記.It is(was)said(reported，heard，told，suggested)that.據(jù)說(報道、聽說、告知、建議.)二、典型例題 （ ）1The Olympic Games _every four years. A are held B were held Care holding Dwill ho1d（ ）2. In the art show，a lot of enjoyment _ _to foreign frie

11、nds by the Chinese paintings A is giving B is given C will give D has given（ ）3. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It _in. many schools around the world. A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught（ ）4. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _as "People's Writ

12、er". A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards（ ）5. Usually computers _to search the Internet. A. use B. are using C. are used D. used（ ）6. -Do you often clean your classroom? -Yes. Our classroom _every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned（ ）7.一Did you hear that water in Tai La

13、ke smelt terrible? 一YesIn fact，it _.That's all because of the people and the factories around A polluted B was polluted C has polluted Dwas po11ute（ ）8. -Our environment is getting worse than before. -You're right. But thanks to Earth Day_, people have done more and more useful things to pro

14、tect(保護(hù))the earth since Earth Day.A. is started B. was started C. has started（ ）9. -I feel very happy that I _to be the host. -Congratulations!A. choose B. am chosen C. was chosen D. haven chosen（ ）10. Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden Aplan

15、t Bplanted Chave planted Dwere planted（ ）11.Some famous paintings _in the hall next week. A. will show B. were shown C. is shown D. will be shown（ ）12. A talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week . A. given B. will be given C. has been given D. gives（ ）13.-Great cha

16、nges have taken place in this city. -Right. Many modern tall buildings have been _ these days. A. turned upB. put up C. shown up D. fixed up（ ）14.Twelve-year-olds should not to drive in China. A. allow B. be allow C. allowed D. be allowed（ ）15. Do you often clean your classroom?   

17、60; Yes, our classroom _ every day. A. clean         B. cleans    C. is cleaned     D. Cleaned三、課后練習(xí)（ ）1Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.    Im sorry, but I _ when to meet. A. don

18、t tell        B. didnt tell      C. havent told     D. wasnt told（ ）2Many old houses around our school _ next year and a large green area will appear. A. pull down B. will be pulled downC. will pull down D. are

19、 pulled down（ ）3- My watch _. - Dont worry. Lets go to the Lost & Found. A. is lost B. is broken C. has found D. has stopped（ ）4-Did you go to Sams weekend party? -No, I_. A. am not invitedB. wasnt invitedC. havent invitedD. didnt invite（ ）5- How often _ your school sports meeting _? - Once a ye

20、ar.A. does; hold B. was; hold C. is; held D. did; hold（ ）6On May 30th, , one bowl in the Ming dynasty (明朝) _ at the price of 30.36 million Hong Kong dollars. A. sell B. sold C. is sold D. was sold （ ）7The "Thousand- hand Guanyin" _ by many people as the best performance at CCTV's Sprin

21、g Festival Evening. A. has been regarded B. are regarded C. has regarded D. regards（ ）8Those eggs of different colors are very beautiful. Yes, they _ in Hangzhou. A. paintedB. were painting C. were painted D. had painted（ ）9-Dont litter the ground, boy ,Look at the sign: “Rubbish into the dustbin.”

22、-Sorry. A, has throw B, was throw C, must throw D , must be thrown（ ）10The 29th 0lympic Games _in Beijing in 2008Awill hold B will be held Chold（ ）11. The girl was often heard happily in her room.A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sings（ ）12. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _ in our sc

23、hool in the next term. A. will be built B. was built C. has built D. will build（ ）13. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _ in our school in the next term. A. will be built B. was built C. has built D. will build（ ）14. The sick boy _ to hospital by the police yesterday.A. is taken B. was

24、 taken C. takes D. took（ ）15. -Its difficult for the village children to cross the river for school.-I think a bridge _ over the river.A. was built B. is being built C. has been built D. should be built （ ）16. -David, turn off the TV_ no one is watching it. -But it _ off already! The music is from t

25、he radio. A. so that, has been turned     B. when, has turned C. if, has been turned     D. because, has turned（ ）17. Usually John to school in his fathers beautiful car.A. has taken B. is taking C. is taken D. has been taken（ ）18. Dont put off todays work for

26、 tomorrow. I mean, todays work _ today.A. may do B. must do C. may be done D. must be done （ ）19.-Look, what an old palace! It looks so great!-Yeah, it _ nearly 800 years ago.A. was building B. was builtC. has builtD. is built（ ）20. Dont discuss the problems with your partner unless you _ to do so.

27、A. ask B. are asked C. will ask D. will be asked 專心-專注-專業(yè)典型例題一般現(xiàn)在時1A 。解析考查被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)句意，“奧運(yùn)會每四年舉行一次”可見須用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，故排除了B、C、D。2答案B。解析本題考查被動語態(tài)，句中a lot of enjoyment是動作的承受者。“在這次藝術(shù)展中，一些有趣的東西通過中國國畫展示給外國朋友?！?答案D。解析考查被動語態(tài)。物作主語，一般要考慮被動語態(tài)。但如果動詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動語態(tài)。4答案A。解析 選用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，表示人們對這位偉大作家的愛戴。5答案C 。解析從句子看，電腦作主

28、語，是動作的承受者，所以用被動語態(tài)，故選C。6. 答案C。解析考查被動語態(tài)物作主語，一般要考慮被動語態(tài)。但如果動詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動語態(tài)。 一般過去時1答案B?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。物作主語，一般要考慮被動語態(tài)。但如果動詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動語態(tài)。 2答案B。 解析從句意：“自從地球日開始以來，人們已做了一些越來越有用的事保護(hù)環(huán)境?！笨芍?，“地球日”的開始，要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，其構(gòu)成為was started故選B。 3. We _into five groups to go to the old people's home. We did many things to ch

29、eer them up. 太原市A. divided B. are divided C. were divided3答案C。解析本題主要考查被動語態(tài)的用法。根據(jù)句意及語境可推知空格處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)的形式。由后一句"We did many things”可推斷，時態(tài)應(yīng)該是一般過去時。因此選C。4C 5D一般將來過去1答案D。解析 本題綜合考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語為“一些名畫”，在此為動作“展出”的承受者，故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，時間狀語為next week，是表示將來的時間狀語，所以句子時態(tài)是一般將來時，所以D項(xiàng)正確。2B 答案B答案：D。情態(tài)動詞用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞。答案為C。

30、句中有every day，主語為our classroom，故要用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)?！緟⒖即鸢浮?答案D 解析：依據(jù)句意：對不起，但我不知道什么時候見面。強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生在過去，I 和tell之間是被動關(guān)系。2答案B 解析：由題干時間next year 科知識將來時態(tài)，句子主語是old houses ,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故選B。3答案A 解析：由Lets go to the Lost & Found.可知，說明表丟失了。故選4答案B 解析：由Did you go to Sams weekend party?可知陳述過去的動作的發(fā)生，I 和invite之間存在著被動關(guān)系。故選B。5答案C 解

31、析：How often+一般疑問句？此句型用來提問在某一特定時間內(nèi)進(jìn)行某個動作的次數(shù)，表示“多長時間一次”。往往針對頻度副詞如：always, seldom, usually, once a month, sometimes, every five minutes.等提問，常用于現(xiàn)在時或過去時。由題干your school sports meeting 作主語，謂語應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故選C。6答案D 解析：由On May 30th, ,可知動作發(fā)生在過去；其主語是one bowl與sell存在被動關(guān)系。7答案A 解析：依據(jù)題意： “千手觀音” 被許多人認(rèn)為是中央電視臺春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會最好的節(jié)目。表示過

32、去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。其主語是The "Thousand- hand Guanyin"，要用被動語態(tài)。故選A。8答案C 解析：they指代Those eggs of different colors，主語是物，故用被動語態(tài)。依據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)選C.。9答案D 解析：依據(jù)句意：垃圾必須扔進(jìn)垃圾箱里。表示“命令”，句子主語是垃圾，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。10答案B解析：考查一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。由in 2008可知是將來時，運(yùn)動會應(yīng)該是“被舉行”，所以使用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：will +be+過去分詞。11選B。考查使役動詞的被動語態(tài)。在主動語態(tài)

33、中heard后用省略to的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，而在被動語態(tài)中動詞不定式符號to需補(bǔ)上。由關(guān)鍵信息was often heard可直接斷定正確答案為B。12選A。考查一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。由關(guān)鍵信息in the next term可知要用一般將來時，先排除B、C二項(xiàng)；另結(jié)合題意“據(jù)報道我們學(xué)校在下個學(xué)期有更多的教學(xué)樓被建造”可知要用被動語態(tài)，故舍D選A。13選A14選B。由時間狀語yesterday可知本題要用一般過去時，先排除A、C二項(xiàng)；另根據(jù)題意“那個生病的男孩被警察送到了醫(yī)院”可知要用被動語態(tài)，故舍D選B。15選D 16選C?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。結(jié)合題意“如果沒有人看電視就關(guān)掉它

34、”可知第一個空是條件狀語從句；另由關(guān)鍵信息“The music is from the radio.”可知“（電視）已經(jīng)關(guān)掉了”，要用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，故正確答案為C。17選C18選D?？疾楹閼B(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。由題意“今天的工作必須在今天被做完”可知本題要用被動語態(tài)，先排除A、B二項(xiàng)；結(jié)合題意可舍C選D。19選B?？疾橐话氵^去時的被動語態(tài)。由時間狀語nearly 800 years ago可知要用一般過去時，先排除C、D二項(xiàng)；另結(jié)合題意“它（古老的宮殿）在近800年前被建造的”可舍A選B。20選B二、典型例題 （ ）1The Olympic Games _every four years

35、. A are held B were held Care holding Dwill ho1d（ ）2. In the art show，a lot of enjoyment _ _to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings A is giving B is given C will give D has given（ ）3. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It _in. many schools around the world. A. teaches B. is teachin

36、g C. has taught D. is taught（ ）4. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _as "People's Writer". A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards（ ）5. Usually computers _to search the Internet. A. use B. are using C. are used D. used（ ）6. -Do you often clean your classro

37、om? -Yes. Our classroom _every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned（ ）7.一Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible? 一YesIn fact，it _.That's all because of the people and the factories around A polluted B was polluted C has polluted Dwas po11ute（ ）8. -Our environment is getting worse th

38、an before. -You're right. But thanks to Earth Day_, people have done more and more useful things to protect(保護(hù))the earth since Earth Day.A. is started B. was started C. has started（ ）9. -I feel very happy that I _to be the host. -Congratulations!A. choose B. am chosen C. was chosen D. haven chos

39、en（ ）10. Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden Aplant Bplanted Chave planted Dwere planted（ ）11.Some famous paintings _in the hall next week. A. will show B. were shown C. is shown D. will be shown（ ）12. A talk on developments in science and tec

40、hnology in the school hall next week . A. given B. will be given C. has been given D. gives（ ）13.-Great changes have taken place in this city. -Right. Many modern tall buildings have been _ these days. A. turned upB. put up C. shown up D. fixed up（ ）14.Twelve-year-olds should not to drive in China.

41、A. allow B. be allow C. allowed D. be allowed（ ）15. Do you often clean your classroom?     Yes, our classroom _ every day. A. clean         B. cleans    C. is cleaned     D. Cleaned三、課后練習(xí)（ ）1Susan, wh

42、y are you still here? They are all ready to start.    Im sorry, but I _ when to meet. A. dont tell        B. didnt tell      C. havent told     D. wasnt told（ ）2Many old houses around our school _ next yea

43、r and a large green area will appear. A. pull down B. will be pulled downC. will pull down D. are pulled down（ ）3- My watch _. - Dont worry. Lets go to the Lost & Found. A. is lost B. is broken C. has found D. has stopped（ ）4-Did you go to Sams weekend party? -No, I_. A. am not invited

44、B. wasnt invitedC. havent invitedD. didnt invite（ ）5- How often _ your school sports meeting _? - Once a year.A. does; hold B. was; hold C. is; held D. did; hold（ ）6On May 30th, , one bowl in the Ming dynasty (明朝) _ at the price of 30.36 million Hong Kong dollars. A. sell B. sold C. is sold D. was s

45、old （ ）7The "Thousand- hand Guanyin" _ by many people as the best performance at CCTV's Spring Festival Evening. A. has been regarded B. are regarded C. has regarded D. regards（ ）8Those eggs of different colors are very beautiful. Yes, they _ in Hangzhou. A. paintedB. were painting C.

46、were painted D. had painted（ ）9-Dont litter the ground, boy ,Look at the sign: “Rubbish into the dustbin.” -Sorry. A, has throw B, was throw C, must throw D , must be thrown（ ）10The 29th 0lympic Games _in Beijing in 2008Awill hold B will be held Chold（ ）11. The girl was often heard happily in her ro

47、om.A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sings（ ）12. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _ in our school in the next term. A. will be built B. was built C. has built D. will build（ ）13. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _ in our school in the next term. A. will be built B. was b

48、uilt C. has built D. will build（ ）14. The sick boy _ to hospital by the police yesterday.A. is taken B. was taken C. takes D. took（ ）15. -Its difficult for the village children to cross the river for school.-I think a bridge _ over the river.A. was built B. is being built C. has been built D. should

49、 be built （ ）16. -David, turn off the TV_ no one is watching it. -But it _ off already! The music is from the radio. A. so that, has been turned     B. when, has turned C. if, has been turned     D. because, has turned（ ）17. Usually John to school in his fathe

50、rs beautiful car.A. has taken B. is taking C. is taken D. has been taken（ ）18. Dont put off todays work for tomorrow. I mean, todays work _ today.A. may do B. must do C. may be done D. must be done （ ）19.-Look, what an old palace! It looks so great!-Yeah, it _ nearly 800 years ago.A. was building B.

51、 was builtC. has builtD. is built（ ）20. Dont discuss the problems with your partner unless you _ to do so. A. ask B. are asked C. will ask D. will be asked 典型例題一般現(xiàn)在時1A 。解析考查被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)句意，“奧運(yùn)會每四年舉行一次”可見須用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，故排除了B、C、D。2答案B。解析本題考查被動語態(tài)，句中a lot of enjoyment是動作的承受者?！霸谶@次藝術(shù)展中，一些有趣的東西通過中國國畫展示給外國朋友。”3答案D。

52、解析考查被動語態(tài)。物作主語，一般要考慮被動語態(tài)。但如果動詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動語態(tài)。4答案A。解析 選用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，表示人們對這位偉大作家的愛戴。5答案C 。解析從句子看，電腦作主語，是動作的承受者，所以用被動語態(tài)，故選C。6. 答案C。解析考查被動語態(tài)物作主語，一般要考慮被動語態(tài)。但如果動詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動語態(tài)。 一般過去時1答案B。考查被動語態(tài)。物作主語，一般要考慮被動語態(tài)。但如果動詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動語態(tài)。 2答案B。 解析從句意：“自從地球日開始以來，人們已做了一些越來越有用的事保護(hù)環(huán)境?！笨芍?，“地球日”的開始，要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，其構(gòu)成為was started故選B。 3. We _into five groups to go to the old people's home. We did many things to cheer them