高考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題之過(guò)去分詞

1、.過(guò)去分詞語(yǔ)法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)At work, it is IQ that gets you hired But it is EQ that gets youpromoted.Supported By his academic research, Professor Salovey suggests that .People are often mistaken in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well.Professor Mayer, recognised by many as a leading expe

2、rt in .They also showed a better understanding of the disabledstudents' feelings compared to students who .Accused of stealing money, the man was brought to court.You pretend to be interested.Seen at a distance, the picture looks more beautiful.When askedwhy he was late, he went red.我的發(fā)現(xiàn)1以上句子中的過(guò)

3、去分詞或過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)在句中分別作：句：_；句、句：_；句、句：_；句、句、句、句：_。2句中hired, promoted與賓語(yǔ)you之間為邏輯上的_。3句、句中mistaken和interested為形容化的過(guò)去分詞，表示主語(yǔ)所處的_。4在過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的句子中，過(guò)去分詞分別作：句：_；句：_；句：_。一、過(guò)去分詞的定義及根本形式1過(guò)去分詞是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種形式，它兼有動(dòng)詞、副詞和形容詞的特征，表示完成或被動(dòng)意義。2過(guò)去分詞的根本形式：動(dòng)詞原形­ed，但也有不規(guī)那么形式。否認(rèn)形式：not/never動(dòng)詞­ed形式。二、過(guò)去分詞的句法功能過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)在句中可以作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、

4、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。1過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是它所修飾的名詞。及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，既表被動(dòng)又表完成；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，僅表完成。1單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在被修飾詞的前面；過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，那么放在被修飾詞的后面。表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或已完成的動(dòng)作。The excited people rushed into the building.沖動(dòng)的人們沖進(jìn)了大樓。Do you like to read the novels written by Guo Jingming?你喜歡讀郭敬明寫(xiě)的小說(shuō)嗎？課堂點(diǎn)津有些單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞，像left剩余的, giv

5、en所給的, concerned有關(guān)的等，習(xí)慣上用作后置定語(yǔ)。He saved every penny, often eating food left.他節(jié)省每一分錢(qián)，常吃剩飯。2過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，與所修飾的名詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，一般置于其所修飾的名詞之后，其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其“被動(dòng)與“完成的含義可以在從句中表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。The computer bought last week doesn't work now.The computer that was bought last week doesn't work now.上周買(mǎi)的那臺(tái)電腦如今出故障了。Those cho

6、sen as team members must be here at 7 am tomorrow.Those who have been chosen as team members must be here at 7 am tomorrow.被挑選為隊(duì)員的人必須明天早晨7點(diǎn)到這兒。即時(shí)演練11 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空重慶高考改編The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras _ return to our shop for quality problems.陜西高考改編The witnesses _ question by the p

7、olice just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. 2句型轉(zhuǎn)換A letter that was posted yesterday will reach her next week.A letter _ will reach her next week.The book given to him is an English novel.The book _is an English novel.The frightened horse ran away from the fire.The horse _ ran away

8、from the fire.2過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)1過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，除了可以用在系動(dòng)詞be之后，還可用于get, become等系動(dòng)詞后面，表示動(dòng)作，一般不延續(xù)。Mary got divorced in 2019, and she had been married to Tom for 8 years by then.瑪麗在2019年離婚，那時(shí)她嫁給湯姆已有8年的時(shí)間了。2這種系表構(gòu)造和被動(dòng)構(gòu)造一樣。但過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，主要是表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)那么表示主語(yǔ)所承受的動(dòng)作。The school gate is shut by an old man at 6 pm every day.每天下午6點(diǎn)由

9、一位老人來(lái)關(guān)學(xué)校大門(mén)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示動(dòng)作He feels relaxed as everything is settled.他感到很輕松因?yàn)橐磺卸及才藕昧?。系表?gòu)造，過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示狀態(tài)課堂點(diǎn)津過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于形容詞，常見(jiàn)的有：delighted, disappointed, discouraged, amused, astonished, interested, crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, puzzled等。即時(shí)演練21用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空福建高考改編For

10、those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying _ connectThe nurse has been _ marry to Li Qian for two years.The news is interesting and I'm _ excite about it.福建高考改編In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ stick abroad due to the volcanic a

11、sh cloud.2完成句子我們是如此無(wú)聊以致于禁不住打起了哈欠。We _ we couldn't help yawning.吉姆為對(duì)老師所說(shuō)的話(huà)感到慚愧。Jim _ what he said to his teacher.3過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)既可表示被動(dòng)，又可表示完成；賓語(yǔ)通常是過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者。When we got to school, we saw the door locked.當(dāng)我們到學(xué)校時(shí)，我們看到門(mén)被鎖上了。2常見(jiàn)的過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的情況：過(guò)去分詞用于feel, hear, notice, see, smell, observe等

12、感官動(dòng)詞后作賓補(bǔ)。He didn't notice his wallet stolen.他沒(méi)有注意到他的錢(qián)包被偷了。過(guò)去分詞用于get, have, make, keep, leave等使役動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.他們準(zhǔn)備讓人把門(mén)廳粉刷成白色的。過(guò)去分詞用于with復(fù)合構(gòu)造作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。With the task finished, he went home happily.任務(wù)完成后，他快樂(lè)地回家了。即時(shí)演練31用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空陜西高考改編Back from his two

13、­year medical service in Africa, Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother _ take good care of at home.The outside sight looks beautiful with everything _ cover with snow.I had/got my bike _ steal last night.四川高考改編The manager was satisfied to see many new products _ developafter great effort.2單句改

14、錯(cuò)The old man had his foot injuring in the fall._The boy was crying with the toy break._On the way home I found my wallet missed._We covered him with only his face exposing._4過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)1過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，用來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的情況或背景。該分詞短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句；過(guò)去分詞可用來(lái)作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)。United, we stand; divided,we fall.作條件狀語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)團(tuán)結(jié)那么存

15、，分裂那么亡。Seriously injured, the soldier was taken to the hospital immediately.作原因狀語(yǔ)由于傷勢(shì)嚴(yán)重，這名戰(zhàn)士被立即送往醫(yī)院。The professor went into the lab, followed by his students.作伴隨狀語(yǔ)教授走進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，后面跟著他的學(xué)生。When heated, water can change into steam.作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)當(dāng)加熱時(shí)，水能變成蒸汽。Although exhausted after a long journey, she continued to work

16、.作讓步狀語(yǔ)雖然長(zhǎng)途旅行后很疲憊，她仍舊繼續(xù)工作。課堂點(diǎn)津狀語(yǔ)從句改成過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)還可保存連詞，構(gòu)成“連詞過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)造作狀語(yǔ)。2過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)與如今分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)同如今分詞作狀語(yǔ)一樣，其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是主句的主語(yǔ)，但不同的是，過(guò)去分詞與主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而如今分詞與主語(yǔ)之間那么是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。Greatly frightened, the man ran into a back room.那人大吃一驚，跑進(jìn)后面的一個(gè)房間里去了。Turning around, she saw her husband and calmed down.轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，她看到了丈夫，才鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái)。即時(shí)演

17、練4 1用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空江蘇高考改編Much time _ spend sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.天津高考改編_ absorb in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.四川高考改編Little Tom sat _ amaze watching the monkey dancing in front of him.重慶高考改編_ raise in the poorest area of Glas

18、gow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.2句型轉(zhuǎn)換When the park is seen from the hill, the park looks more beautiful._,_the park looks more beautiful.Though they were beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practised even harder._,_the players were not discoura

19、ged and practised even harder.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1_ shock at the terrible working conditions, we decided to quit the job.2Have you noticed classical music usually _ play by TV commercials for luxury cars?3The buildings _ destroy in the earthquake are being rebuilt now.4The old man looked very pleased to see his apartment beautifully _ decorate5The car turned away, _ head for the countryside.6_ recognize as a man of many talents, the young man has a promising future.7Ways must be found to deal with the constant noise _ cause serious health problems.8We must have our windows _ repair before winter come