基于matlab和simulink的系統(tǒng)仿真

1、基于matlab/simulink的QPSK通信系統(tǒng)仿真課程設(shè)計(jì)目的: 本課程設(shè)計(jì)主要是學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用MATLAB中的Simulink來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)字基帶信號(hào)的模擬傳輸。在知道其傳輸原理的情況下，將仿真電路到Simulink之中。并且對(duì)正交振幅調(diào)制、解調(diào)過(guò)程的頻譜和波形的分析，同時(shí)在無(wú)噪聲和有噪聲的進(jìn)行分析，加入高斯白噪聲，瑞利噪聲，萊斯噪聲分析調(diào)制解調(diào)后的頻譜、波形，觀察其誤碼率。（1） 鞏固和加深學(xué)生對(duì)QPSK調(diào)制解調(diào)技術(shù)的基本知識(shí)的理解和掌握；（2）掌握編程和程序調(diào)試的基本技能； （3）利用MATLAB進(jìn)行基本的軟件設(shè)計(jì)，掌握軟件設(shè)計(jì)一般方法，了解軟件設(shè)計(jì)的思路；（4）掌握書寫程序設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告的能力；（

2、5）提高運(yùn)用MATLAB解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力；課程設(shè)計(jì)儀器:(1) MATLAB7.0 （2）simulink MATLAB是由美國(guó)mathworks公司發(fā)布的主要面對(duì)科學(xué)計(jì)算、可視化以及交互式程序設(shè)計(jì)的高科技計(jì)算環(huán)境。它將數(shù)值分析、矩陣計(jì)算、科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)可視化以及非線性動(dòng)態(tài)系統(tǒng)的建模和仿真等諸多強(qiáng)大功能集成在一個(gè)易于使用的視窗環(huán)境中，為科學(xué)研究、工程設(shè)計(jì)以及必須進(jìn)行有效數(shù)值計(jì)算的眾多科學(xué)領(lǐng)域提供了一種全面的解決方案。相關(guān)原理：4PSK常稱為正交相移鍵控(QPSK)。4PSK信號(hào)每個(gè)碼元含有2 比特的信息，現(xiàn)用ab代表這兩個(gè)比特。兩個(gè)比特有4種組合，即00、01、10和11。它們和相位qk之間的關(guān)系

3、通常都按格雷碼的規(guī)律安排，如下表所示。 QPSK信號(hào)的編碼 QPSK信號(hào)矢量圖格雷碼的好處在于相鄰相位所代表的兩個(gè)比特只有一位不同。由于因相位誤差造成錯(cuò)判至相鄰相位上的概率最大，故這樣編碼使之僅造成一個(gè)比特誤碼的概率最大2、QPSK調(diào)制兩種產(chǎn)生方法:相乘電路法 二進(jìn)制信號(hào)碼元“0”和“1在相乘電路中與不歸零雙極性矩形脈沖振幅的關(guān)系如下：二進(jìn)制碼元“1” ® 雙極性脈沖“+1”；二進(jìn)制碼元“0” ® 雙極性脈沖“-1”。符合上述關(guān)系才能得到第6章中的B方式編碼規(guī)則。 3、QPSK解調(diào)原理方框圖仿真結(jié)果：QPSK原理框圖調(diào)制端的眼圖解調(diào)端眼圖星座圖基帶信號(hào)與調(diào)制信號(hào)的波形比較無(wú)

4、噪聲的誤碼率設(shè)計(jì)體會(huì):這次的課程設(shè)計(jì)是在MATLAB的SIMULINK環(huán)境下仿真實(shí)現(xiàn)QPSK的調(diào)試與解調(diào)，剛開(kāi)始是沒(méi)有完全理解QPSK的的原理，以至于多走了很多的彎路，后來(lái)又因?yàn)闆](méi)能正確的使用示波器而導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)了很多的錯(cuò)誤，后來(lái)加如噪聲后，更是有很多的錯(cuò)誤出現(xiàn)了，誤碼率也很大，星座圖也跳躍不停。通過(guò)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題，我看到了自己的不足，也學(xué)會(huì)了SIMULINK模塊的運(yùn)用，更重要的是了解了多進(jìn)制的調(diào)制與解調(diào)原理，通過(guò)課程設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)鞏固本學(xué)期的通信原理與數(shù)字信號(hào)的專業(yè)知識(shí)內(nèi)容，同時(shí)也運(yùn)用理論知識(shí)與實(shí)際電路的設(shè)計(jì)相結(jié)合了起來(lái)，通過(guò)綜合分析，找出了自己學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的不足，為今后的學(xué)習(xí)提供實(shí)踐依據(jù)，打下了基礎(chǔ)。這次實(shí)

5、習(xí)是運(yùn)用MATLAB中的SIMULINK仿真出8PSK的調(diào)制與解調(diào)，這是多進(jìn)制的調(diào)制與解調(diào)，我開(kāi)始沒(méi)能完全理解多進(jìn)制的調(diào)制與解調(diào)，錯(cuò)誤的使用了二進(jìn)制的方式去調(diào)制與解調(diào)，輸入了二進(jìn)制的正弦波，也使用了只能顯示二進(jìn)制的示波器，導(dǎo)致實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中一直都有錯(cuò)，沒(méi)能正確的運(yùn)行，再一次次的失敗后，仍然找不到出錯(cuò)點(diǎn)在哪。后來(lái)老師來(lái)給我講解了多進(jìn)制的原理后，我明白了原來(lái)自己的專業(yè)知識(shí)不夠扎實(shí)，原理沒(méi)有理解透再接下來(lái)就是如何正確的調(diào)制了，由于沒(méi)有波形，我一直沒(méi)能正確的算出延時(shí)，導(dǎo)致誤碼率的居高不下，后來(lái)經(jīng)老師提點(diǎn)，知道了，其實(shí)可以將多進(jìn)制進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)換為二進(jìn)制的方式在示波器上顯示，于是，我使用了一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)換器，成功的顯

6、示了多進(jìn)制的波形。在此次課程設(shè)計(jì)中，我掌握了SIMULINK軟件的使用，雖然不是很熟悉，但是，以后我將會(huì)更加努力的學(xué)習(xí)，還有專業(yè)知識(shí)的加強(qiáng)，在這次課程設(shè)計(jì)中，問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)的如此多，主要在于專業(yè)知識(shí)的不夠完善，幸虧老師一次次的細(xì)心指導(dǎo)，才能完成此次設(shè)計(jì)，今后一定加強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)。參考文獻(xiàn)【1】 張 琨，高思超，畢靖，MATLAB 2010 從入門到精通，電子工業(yè)出版社，2011【2】 趙景波，逢錦梅，MATLAB控制系統(tǒng)仿真與設(shè)計(jì)，機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2010【3】 孫屹,Simulink通信仿真開(kāi)發(fā)手冊(cè),國(guó)防工業(yè)出版社,2004【4】 樊昌信，曹麗娜，通信原理，國(guó)防工業(yè)出版社，2006【5】 鐘麟,MATLA

7、B仿真技術(shù)與應(yīng)用教程,國(guó)防工業(yè)出版社,2003 附錄:代碼: Model Name "fengzhiyue" Version 6.0 GraphicalInterface NumRootInports 0 NumRootOutports 0 ParameterArgumentNames "" ComputedModelVersion "1.4" NumModelReferences 0 NumTestPointedSignals 0 SavedCharacterEncoding "ibm-1386_P100-2002&quo

8、t; SaveDefaultBlockParams on SampleTimeColors off LibraryLinkDisplay "none" WideLines off ShowLineDimensions off ShowPortDataTypes off ShowLoopsOnError on IgnoreBidirectionalLines off ShowStorageClass off ShowTestPointIcons on ShowViewerIcons on SortedOrder off ExecutionContextIcon off Sho

9、wLinearizationAnnotations on RecordCoverage off CovPath "/" CovSaveName "covdata" CovMetricSettings "dw" CovNameIncrementing off CovHtmlReporting on covSaveCumulativeToWorkspaceVar on CovSaveSingleToWorkspaceVar on CovCumulativeVarName "covCumulativeData" CovC

10、umulativeReport off CovReportOnPause on ScopeRefreshTime 0.035000 OverrideScopeRefreshTime on DisableAllScopes off DataTypeOverride "UseLocalSettings" MinMaxOverflowLogging "UseLocalSettings" MinMaxOverflowArchiveMode "Overwrite" BlockNameDataTip off BlockParametersData

11、Tip off BlockDescriptionStringDataTipoff ToolBar on StatusBar on BrowserShowLibraryLinks off BrowserLookUnderMasks off Created "Thu Dec 27 15:37:29 2012" UpdateHistory "UpdateHistoryNever" ModifiedByFormat "%<Auto>" LastModifiedBy "lenovo" ModifiedDateFo

12、rmat "%<Auto>" LastModifiedDate "Wed Jan 02 14:47:54 2013" ModelVersionFormat "1.%<AutoIncrement:4>" ConfigurationManager "None" LinearizationMsg "none" Profile off ParamWorkspaceSource "MATLABWorkspace" AccelSystemTargetFile &q

13、uot;accel.tlc" AccelTemplateMakefile "accel_default_tmf" AccelMakeCommand "make_rtw" TryForcingSFcnDF off ExtModeBatchMode off ExtModeEnableFloating on ExtModeTrigType "manual" ExtModeTrigMode "normal" ExtModeTrigPort "1" ExtModeTrigElement &quo

14、t;any" ExtModeTrigDuration 1000 ExtModeTrigDurationFloating "auto" ExtModeTrigHoldOff 0 ExtModeTrigDelay 0 ExtModeTrigDirection "rising" ExtModeTrigLevel 0 ExtModeArchiveMode "off" ExtModeAutoIncOneShot off ExtModeIncDirWhenArm off ExtModeAddSuffixToVar off ExtMode

15、WriteAllDataToWs off ExtModeArmWhenConnect on ExtModeSkipDownloadWhenConnect off ExtModeLogAll on ExtModeAutoUpdateStatusClock on BufferReuse on ProdHWDeviceType "32-bit Generic" ShowModelReferenceBlockVersion off ShowModelReferenceBlockIO off Array Type "Handle" Dimension 1 Simu

16、link.ConfigSet $ObjectID 1 Version "1.0.4" Array Type"Handle"Dimension7Simulink.SolverCC $ObjectID 2 Version "1.0.4" StartTime "0.0" StopTime "10.0" AbsTol "auto" FixedStep "auto" InitialStep "auto" MaxNumMinSteps "

17、-1" MaxOrder 5 ExtrapolationOrder 4 NumberNewtonIterations 1 MaxStep "auto" MinStep "auto" RelTol "1e-3" SolverMode "Auto" Solver "ode45" ZeroCrossControl "UseLocalSettings" PositivePriorityOrder off AutoInsertRateTranBlk off SampleTim

18、eConstraint "Unconstrained" RateTranMode "Deterministic"Simulink.DataIOCC $ObjectID 3 Version "1.0.4" Decimation "1" ExternalInput "t, u" FinalStateName "xFinal" InitialState "xInitial" LimitDataPoints on MaxDataPoints "1000&

19、quot; LoadExternalInput off LoadInitialState off SaveFinalState off SaveFormat "Array" SaveOutput on SaveState off SaveTime on StateSaveName "xout" TimeSaveName "tout" OutputSaveName "yout" SignalLoggingName "logsout" OutputOption "RefineOutputT

20、imes" OutputTimes "" Refine "1"Simulink.OptimizationCC $ObjectID 4 Array Type "Cell" Dimension 5 Cell "ZeroExternalMemoryAtStartup" Cell "ZeroInternalMemoryAtStartup" Cell "InitFltsAndDblsToZero" Cell "OptimizeModelRefInitCode&quo

21、t; Cell "NoFixptDivByZeroProtection" PropName "DisabledProps" Version "1.0.4" BlockReduction on BooleanDataType on ConditionallyExecuteInputs on ConditionalExecOptimization "on_for_testing" InlineParams off InlineInvariantSignals on OptimizeBlockIOStorage on B

22、ufferReuse on EnforceIntegerDowncast on ExpressionFolding on FoldNonRolledExpr on LocalBlockOutputs on ParameterPooling on RollThreshold 5 SystemCodeInlineAuto off StateBitsets off DataBitsets off UseTempVars off ZeroExternalMemoryAtStartup on ZeroInternalMemoryAtStartup on InitFltsAndDblsToZero on

23、NoFixptDivByZeroProtection off OptimizeModelRefInitCode off LifeSpan "inf"Simulink.DebuggingCC $ObjectID 5 Version "1.0.4" ConsistencyChecking "none" ArrayBoundsChecking "none" AlgebraicLoopMsg "warning" ArtificialAlgebraicLoopMsg "warning"

24、 CheckSSInitialOutputMsg on CheckExecutionContextPreStartOutputMsg off CheckExecutionContextRuntimeOutputMsgoff SignalResolutionControl "TryResolveAllWithWarning" BlockPriorityViolationMsg "warning" MinStepSizeMsg "warning" SolverPrmCheckMsg "warning" Inherite

25、dTsInSrcMsg "warning" DiscreteInheritContinuousMsg "warning" MultiTaskRateTransMsg "error" SingleTaskRateTransMsg "none" TasksWithSamePriorityMsg "warning" CheckMatrixSingularityMsg "none" IntegerOverflowMsg "warning" Int32ToFloat

26、ConvMsg "warning" ParameterDowncastMsg "error" ParameterOverflowMsg "error" ParameterPrecisionLossMsg "warning" UnderSpecifiedDataTypeMsg "none" UnnecessaryDatatypeConvMsg "none" VectorMatrixConversionMsg "none" InvalidFcnCallConn

27、Msg "error" SignalLabelMismatchMsg "none" UnconnectedInputMsg "warning" UnconnectedOutputMsg "warning" UnconnectedLineMsg "warning" SFcnCompatibilityMsg "none" UniqueDataStoreMsg "none" RootOutportRequireBusObject "warning&qu

28、ot; AssertControl "UseLocalSettings" EnableOverflowDetection off ModelReferenceIOMsg "none" ModelReferenceVersionMismatchMessage "none" ModelReferenceIOMismatchMessage "none" ModelReferenceCSMismatchMessage "none" ModelReferenceSimTargetVerbose off U

29、nknownTsInhSupMsg "warning" ModelReferenceDataLoggingMessage "warning" ModelReferenceSymbolNameMessage "warning"Simulink.HardwareCC $ObjectID 6 Version "1.0.4" ProdBitPerChar 8 ProdBitPerShort 16 ProdBitPerInt 32 ProdBitPerLong 32 ProdIntDivRoundTo "Undef

30、ined" ProdEndianess "Unspecified" ProdWordSize 32 ProdShiftRightIntArith on ProdHWDeviceType "32-bit Generic" TargetBitPerChar 8 TargetBitPerShort 16 TargetBitPerInt 32 TargetBitPerLong 32 TargetShiftRightIntArith on TargetIntDivRoundTo "Undefined" TargetEndianess

31、"Unspecified" TargetWordSize 32 TargetTypeEmulationWarnSuppressLevel 0 TargetPreprocMaxBitsSint 32 TargetPreprocMaxBitsUint 32 TargetHWDeviceType "Specified" TargetUnknown off ProdEqTarget onSimulink.ModelReferenceCC $ObjectID 7 Version "1.0.4" UpdateModelReferenceTarge

32、ts "IfOutOfDateOrStructuralChange" CheckModelReferenceTargetMessage "error" ModelReferenceNumInstancesAllowed "Multi" ModelReferencePassRootInputsByReference on ModelReferenceMinAlgLoopOccurrences offSimulink.RTWCC $BackupClass "Simulink.RTWCC" $ObjectID 8 Arr

33、ay Type "Cell" Dimension 1 Cell "IncludeHyperlinkInReport" PropName "DisabledProps" Version "1.0.4" SystemTargetFile "grt.tlc" GenCodeOnly off MakeCommand "make_rtw" TemplateMakefile "grt_default_tmf" GenerateReport off SaveLog of

34、f RTWVerbose on RetainRTWFile off ProfileTLC off TLCDebug off TLCCoverage off TLCAssert off ProcessScriptMode "Default" ConfigurationMode "Optimized" ConfigAtBuild off IncludeHyperlinkInReport off LaunchReport off Array Type "Handle" Dimension 2 Simulink.CodeAppCC $Obje

35、ctID 9 Array Type"Cell"Dimension9Cell"IgnoreCustomStorageClasses"Cell"InsertBlockDesc"Cell"SFDataObjDesc"Cell"SimulinkDataObjDesc"Cell"DefineNamingRule"Cell"SignalNamingRule"Cell"ParamNamingRule"Cell"InlinedPrmAcces

36、s"Cell"CustomSymbolStr"PropName"DisabledProps" Version "1.0.4" ForceParamTrailComments off GenerateComments on IgnoreCustomStorageClasses on IncHierarchyInIds off MaxIdLength 31 PreserveName off PreserveNameWithParent off ShowEliminatedStatement off IncAutoGenComme

37、nts off SimulinkDataObjDesc off SFDataObjDesc off IncDataTypeInIds off PrefixModelToSubsysFcnNames on CustomSymbolStr "$R$N$M" MangleLength 1 DefineNamingRule "None" ParamNamingRule "None" SignalNamingRule "None" InsertBlockDesc off SimulinkBlockComments on En

38、ableCustomComments off InlinedPrmAccess "Literals" ReqsInCode off Simulink.GRTTargetCC $BackupClass "Simulink.TargetCC" $ObjectID 10 Array Type"Cell"Dimension12Cell"IncludeMdlTerminateFcn"Cell"CombineOutputUpdateFcns"Cell"SuppressErrorStatus&quo

39、t;Cell"ERTCustomFileBanners"Cell"GenerateSampleERTMain"Cell"MultiInstanceERTCode"Cell"PurelyIntegerCode"Cell"SupportNonFinite"Cell"SupportComplex"Cell"SupportAbsoluteTime"Cell"SupportContinuousTime"Cell"SupportNonIn

40、linedSFcns"PropName"DisabledProps" Version "1.0.4" TargetFcnLib "ansi_tfl_tmw.mat" GenFloatMathFcnCalls "ANSI_C" UtilityFuncGeneration "Auto" GenerateFullHeader on GenerateSampleERTMain off IsPILTarget off ModelReferenceCompliant on IncludeMdlTe

41、rminateFcn on CombineOutputUpdateFcns off SuppressErrorStatus off IncludeFileDelimiter "Auto" ERTCustomFileBanners off SupportAbsoluteTime on LogVarNameModifier "rt_" MatFileLogging on MultiInstanceERTCode off SupportNonFinite on SupportComplex on PurelyIntegerCode off SupportCon

42、tinuousTime on SupportNonInlinedSFcns on ExtMode off ExtModeStaticAlloc off ExtModeTesting off ExtModeStaticAllocSize 1000000 ExtModeTransport 0 ExtModeMexFile "ext_comm" RTWCAPISignals off RTWCAPIParams off RTWCAPIStates off GenerateASAP2 off PropName "Components" PropName"Components" Name "Configuration" SimulationMode "normal" Curren