2015年人教版九年級英語第13單元課件一

1、Unit13 Were trying to save the earth!Section A 1a -2d（第1課時(shí)） 1. We should put up notice to stop from _ （亂扔）（亂扔）.2. The teacher asked us to find a way to pick up the coins at the _（底部）（底部）of the bottle.3. There are no more fish for _ （漁夫）（漁夫）to catch in the river.4. We should take the paper bags to go

2、 shopping instead of the _（塑料）（塑料）ones.5. Could you please tell us another _（優(yōu)點(diǎn)）（優(yōu)點(diǎn)） of riding bike to work?【檢查預(yù)習(xí)檢查預(yù)習(xí)】litterbottomfishermanplasticadvantagenoise pollutionair pollutionwater pollution1a. Write the words related to different kinds of pollution in the box below.(Pairwork or groupwork)lo

3、ud music cars rubbish planeslittering ships factories smokingbuilding houses mobile phones_loud musiccars rubbishplaneslitteringshipsfactoriessmokingbuilding housesmobile phones1b. Listen and complete the sentences What was the problem? The river was _.Even the bottom of the river was full of _. The

4、re were no more _ for fishermen to catch.What caused the problem?People are throwing _into the river.Factories are putting _ into the river.How should the problem be solved?We should write to the _ and ask them to _ the factories. Everyone should helpto _ the river.really dirtyrubbishfishlitterwaste

5、governmentclose downclean up 1. The air is badly polluted because there are _ on the road these days. 2. Factories that burn coal also _ the air with a lot of black smoke. 3. There is also too much rubbish and waste. People _ things every day. 4. People are also litter in _ like parks. This is turni

6、ng beautiful places into ugly places.2a Listen to the interview. the kinds of pollution that Jason and Susan talk about.A. waste pollution B. air pollution C. noise pollution D. water pollutionCircle2b. Listen again and complete the sentences.litteringmore carspolluteare throwing away Read the conve

7、rsation quickly, find out the answer to the question.What kinds of pollution are mentioned in this conversation?2d. Air pollution and waste pollution. 2.Read the conversation again and complete the blanks. Pollution Ways to solve the problem Air pollution Waste pollution Take the bus or subway inste

8、ad of driving;ride a bike.bring a bag to go shopping; only use wooden chopsticks or plastic forks at home;Throw rubbish in the bins This is turning beautiful places into ugly ones. turn into 把把變成變成e.g. The icy rain seemed like to turn into snow. 漸漸地凍雨又變成雪花的模樣。漸漸地凍雨又變成雪花的模樣。 2. Its good for health an

9、d it doesnt cost anything! cost v. 花費(fèi)；使付出花費(fèi)；使付出 指花費(fèi)金錢，主語通常是物。指花費(fèi)金錢，主語通常是物。cost的的過去式和過去分詞均為過去式和過去分詞均為cost。 e.g. The new shirt cost Mr Wang 200 yuan. 王先生花了王先生花了200元買了新襯衫。元買了新襯衫。 How much does the new computer cost? 新電腦花了多少錢？新電腦花了多少錢？ take, spend, pay & cost take，spend，pay和和cost都可以表示都可以表示“花花 費(fèi)費(fèi)”，但它

10、們的用法各有不同。，但它們的用法各有不同。 1) take多表示花費(fèi)時(shí)間多表示花費(fèi)時(shí)間，常用于，常用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.這一句型這一句型中，其中中，其中it作形式主語作形式主語。 e.g. It usually takes me 40 minutes to cook the dinner. 2) spend多表示花費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢，主語多表示花費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢，主語通常是人通常是人，常用于，常用于sb. spend(s) some time / money on sth.和和sb. spend(s) some time / money (in) doin

11、g sth.兩種兩種句型。句型。 e.g. David spent 2,000 yuan on the new machine. My father spends an hour (in) watching the news on TV every day. 3) pay多表示花費(fèi)金錢，主語通常是人多表示花費(fèi)金錢，主語通常是人，常用于常用于sb. pay(s) some money for sth.句句型。型。 e.g. Tommy paid 20 yuan for his breakfast yesterday. 4) cost多表示花費(fèi)金錢，主語通常是物多表示花費(fèi)金錢，主語通常是物，常用于

12、常用于sth. cost(s) (sb.) some money.句句型。型。 e.g. The new dress cost Linda 88 yuan. 根據(jù)句意用根據(jù)句意用take, spend, pay或或cost的適的適當(dāng)當(dāng) 形式填空。形式填空。 1. That new car _ them lots of money. 2. Mona _ 50 yuan on the books just now. 3. It usually _ me an hour to do my homework.cost?spent?takes 4. You should _? some time pra

13、ctising your pronunciation. 5. My brother _?6, 000 yuan for the new computer yesterday.spendpaid 3. So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future! make a difference (to) 表示表示(對對)產(chǎn)生影響或作用產(chǎn)生影響或作用 e.g. Do you think his words would make any difference to the final decision? 你

14、認(rèn)為他的話會對最后的決定產(chǎn)生你認(rèn)為他的話會對最后的決定產(chǎn)生影影 響嗎？響嗎？ The new teacher always encourages little Tom. This has made a big difference to him.新來的老師總是鼓勵(lì)小湯姆，這對他影新來的老師總是鼓勵(lì)小湯姆，這對他影響很大。響很大。 用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Were trying _ (save) the earth. 2. There used to _ (be) clean and beautiful. 3. There are too many _ for _ t

15、o catch (fish). 4. Its bad for environment to use _ (wood) chopsticks.to savebefishwoodenfishermen用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Dont throw _(垃圾垃圾) everywhere.2. In winter, many people burn _(煤煤) to keep warm.3. The police found a body at the _(底部底部) of the lake.4. The _(花費(fèi)花費(fèi)) of living in big cit

16、ies is very high.5. He keeps a rabbit in a big _(木制的木制的) box.cost wooden, coal , bottom, littercost woodencoalbottomlitter 根據(jù)句意用根據(jù)句意用take, spend, pay或或cost的適的適當(dāng)當(dāng) 形式填空。形式填空。 1. That new car _ them lots of money. 2. Mona _ 50 yuan on the books just now. 3. It usually _ me an hour to do my homework.cos

17、t spent takes 4. You should _ some time practising your pronunciation. 5. My brother _ 6, 000 yuan for the new computer yesterday.spendpaid 3. So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future! make a difference (to) 表示表示(對對)產(chǎn)生影響或作用產(chǎn)生影響或作用 e.g. Do you think his words would m

18、ake any difference to the final decision? 你認(rèn)為他的話會對最后的決定產(chǎn)生你認(rèn)為他的話會對最后的決定產(chǎn)生影影 響嗎？響嗎？ The new teacher always encourages little Tom. This has made a big difference to him.新來的老師總是鼓勵(lì)小湯姆，這對他影新來的老師總是鼓勵(lì)小湯姆，這對他影響很大。響很大。Points on P97try to do =try ones best to do 努力去做某事努力去做某事be related to 與與有關(guān)有關(guān)mobile phones 手機(jī)

19、手機(jī)rubbish, litter ,waste 垃圾垃圾,廢物廢物the bottom of the river 河底河底be full of 充滿充滿fisherman-fishermen 漁民漁民government 政府政府throw litter into the river 把垃圾扔到河里把垃圾扔到河里ask sb. to do 要求某人干某事要求某人干某事close down the factories 關(guān)閉工廠關(guān)閉工廠clean up 打掃打掃used to be過去是過去是play a part in參與，在參與，在中扮演角色中扮演角色 Memory努力去做某事努力去做某事與

20、與有關(guān)有關(guān)手機(jī)手機(jī)垃圾垃圾,廢物廢物河底河底充滿充滿漁民漁民政府政府把垃圾扔到河里把垃圾扔到河里要求某人干某事要求某人干某事關(guān)閉工廠關(guān)閉工廠打掃打掃過去是過去是在在中起作用，在中起作用，在中扮演角色中扮演角色 Points on P98be badly polluted 受到嚴(yán)重污染受到嚴(yán)重污染public places 公共場所公共場所turninto 把把變成變成cut down 減少減少take the bus or subway instead of driving 乘坐乘坐公交或地鐵代替開車公交或地鐵代替開車ride a bike 騎自行車騎自行車advantages of bike

21、 riding 騎自行車的好處騎自行車的好處 Points on P58be good for our health 對我們的健康有好處對我們的健康有好處cost，spend，take, pay 花費(fèi)花費(fèi)wood-woodentakeaway food 外賣食物外賣食物throw rubbish in the bins 把垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾箱把垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾箱keep public places clean and beautiful 保持公共保持公共場所干凈漂亮場所干凈漂亮make a difference (to) (對對)產(chǎn)生影響或作用產(chǎn)生影響或作用lead to 導(dǎo)致，通向?qū)е?，通?被污染被

22、污染 燒煤燒煤 太多太多 扔掉扔掉 把把.變成變成. 附近附近 能夠能夠 解決問題解決問題 減少空氣污染減少空氣污染 乘公共汽車或地鐵乘公共汽車或地鐵 代替、而不是代替、而不是. be polluted burn coal too much throw away o. around here be able to solve a/the problem cut down air pollution take the bus or subway instead of騎自行車騎自行車騎自行車有別的好處。騎自行車有別的好處。對對.有益有益垃圾污染垃圾污染去購物去購物開始做某事開始做某

23、事記得要把垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾桶記得要把垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾桶保持公共場所的整潔和美麗保持公共場所的整潔和美麗對對.有影響、有作用有影響、有作用通向美好未來通向美好未來ride the bikeThere are other advantages of bike riding.be good forwaste pollutiongo shoppingstart doingremember to throw rubbish in the binskeep public places clean and beatifulmake a difference to sb.lead to a better future

24、 用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Were trying _ (save) the earth. 2. There used to _ (be) clean and beautiful. 3. There are too many _ for _ to catch (fish). 4. Its bad for environment to use _ (wood) chopsticks.to savebefishwoodenfishermen用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Dont throw _(垃圾垃圾) everywhere.2. I

25、n winter, many people burn _(煤煤) to keep warm.3. The police found a body at the _(底部底部) of the lake.4. The _(花費(fèi)花費(fèi)) of living in big cities is very high.5. He keeps a rabbit in a big _(木制的木制的) box.cost wooden, coal , bottom, littercost woodencoalbottomlitter 1.We are trying to save the earth.我們正在努力拯救

26、地球。我們正在努力拯救地球。 【解析】try doing sth 嘗試做某事（不一定付出很大努力） try to do sth 盡力做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)付出一定的努力設(shè) 法完成） 想一想? 盡某人最大的努力做某事 try_ 2. But it used to be so clean. 但它過去是如此干凈。但它過去是如此干凈。 【解析】used to 的意思是 _, 其中to是不定式符號，不是 介詞，所以其后要接_。 be used to 的意思是_，其中to是介詞，其后要接 _ 【合作探究合作探究】ones best to do sth.習(xí)慣干某事過去常常做某事動詞原形doing2. He _ go

27、out with his parents, but now he _ staying at home alone. A. used to; is used to B. is used to; used to C. use to; is used to D. is used to; is used to How much is the ticket to Central Park? A one-way ticket _ $40, and you can _ another $20 for a round-trip. A. costs, pay B. cost, spend C. pay, spe

28、nd D. spends, pay【合作探究合作探究】3. Its good for health and it doesnt cost anything! 它對身體有好處并且它對身體有好處并且不會花費(fèi)任何東西。不會花費(fèi)任何東西。 cost vt.1. 花費(fèi)；價(jià)格為； 【拓展】take/ spend /cost /pay的用法都可以表示“花費(fèi)”，但用法卻不盡相同。spend的主語必須是_， 常用于 _ cost的主語是物或某種活動， 還可以表示“值”，用于 _ （注意：cost的過去式及過去分詞都是cost,并且不能用于被動句。） take后面常跟雙賓語， 常見于_ pay的基本用法是：_人人

29、Sb. spend time/money on sth.Sb. spend time/money doing sth.cost sb. money. It takes sb. sometime to do sth.pay money for sth.4.To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 為了減少空氣污染，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)乘坐公汽或地鐵而不是開車。為了減少空氣污染，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)乘坐公汽或地鐵而不是開車。 本句中本句中To cut down air pollution是動詞不定式作目的

30、狀語。是動詞不定式作目的狀語。cut down 意為意為_減少減少 We must do something useful to _ pollution. A. cut off B. cut up C . cut down D. cut in I. 單項(xiàng)選擇。單項(xiàng)選擇。1. Eating too much sugar can _ healthy problems. A. get to B. lead to C. point to D. able to2. -What are the _ of bike riding? - Its good for our health. A. advantag

31、es B. reasons C. results D. ideasII. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. There are many kinds of_（pollute）in our daily life. 2. All of the students should take part in_ (keep) our school clean and tidy. 3. Can you tell us your ideas for _ (improve) your spoken English. 4. We should stop using the_ (wood) ch

32、opsticks to protect the forest. 5. Their grandparents were _ (fisherman) near the sea before they moved to the town.當(dāng)堂檢測當(dāng)堂檢測B.A.pollutionkeepingimprovingwoodenfishermanersIII. 根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。 1. 咱們玩紙牌吧，別看電視了。咱們玩紙牌吧，別看電視了。 Lets play cards _ _ watching TV. 2. 我們的行動會起作用，并且通向更好的未來。我們的行動會起作用，并

33、且通向更好的未來。 Our actions can _ a difference and lead to a _ future. 3. 這個(gè)木箱時(shí)裝滿了書。這個(gè)木箱時(shí)裝滿了書。 The _box_ _ _books. is full ofinstead ofmakebetterwoodenHomework We have only one earth,find out as many ways to solve pollution problems as possible. _.Section APeriod Threetake part inaffordturn offreusablepay

34、 fortake actiontransportation參加參加v. 買的起；承擔(dān)的起買的起；承擔(dān)的起（后果）（后果）關(guān)掉關(guān)掉adj. 可重復(fù)使用的可重復(fù)使用的付費(fèi)；付出代價(jià)付費(fèi)；付出代價(jià)采取行動采取行動n. 運(yùn)輸業(yè)；交通運(yùn)輸運(yùn)輸業(yè)；交通運(yùn)輸Words Review 用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 Listen! The phone _(ring). Please go to answer it. Alan, its late. Why not go to bed? Jenny hasnt come back yet. I _(wait) for her.

35、3. Whats your father doing now? He _ (write) a letter in the 1. study.is ringingam waitingis writing 肯定句肯定句: 主語主語 + am/is/are + -ing 否定句否定句: 主語主語 + am/is/are + not + -ing 疑問句疑問句: Am/Is/Are + 主語主語 + -ing 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作?；虬l(fā)生的動作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-基本結(jié)構(gòu)基本結(jié)構(gòu)表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的，目前正在發(fā)表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的，目前正

36、在發(fā)生的動作。常帶有表示目前時(shí)刻的時(shí)生的動作。常帶有表示目前時(shí)刻的時(shí)間副詞間副詞, 如：如：now, at the (very) moment, for the time being, at present, 及及Look! Listen! . Look! The big bird is flying away. 看，那只大鳥正在飛走。看，那只大鳥正在飛走。 He is watching a movie now. 他現(xiàn)在正在看電影。他現(xiàn)在正在看電影。 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-用法用法2) 表示目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行，但表示目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行，但 說話時(shí)可能沒有進(jìn)行的動作。說話時(shí)可能沒有進(jìn)行的

37、動作。 Right now I am studying Chinese by distance learning. 我現(xiàn)在正通過遠(yuǎn)程教育學(xué)習(xí)漢語。我現(xiàn)在正通過遠(yuǎn)程教育學(xué)習(xí)漢語?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-用法用法3) 與與always, constantly, forever, all the time等副詞連用，表示動作反復(fù)或習(xí)等副詞連用，表示動作反復(fù)或習(xí) 慣。此時(shí)句子常含有說話者的強(qiáng)烈慣。此時(shí)句子常含有說話者的強(qiáng)烈 情感在內(nèi)。表達(dá)較強(qiáng)的情感在內(nèi)。表達(dá)較強(qiáng)的“責(zé)備責(zé)備”或或“表表 揚(yáng)揚(yáng)”之意。之意。 You are always changing your mind. 你總是主意不定。你總是主意不

38、定。(太煩人了。太煩人了。) He is always helping others. 他總是幫助別人。他總是幫助別人。(他真是個(gè)好人。他真是個(gè)好人。) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-用法用法4) 對于對于come, go, leave, arrive, start等等 表示位置移動的動詞?？捎眠M(jìn)行時(shí)表示位置移動的動詞常可用進(jìn)行時(shí) 態(tài)表將來。態(tài)表將來。 He is leaving on Wednesday. 他將于周三離開。他將于周三離開。 Mary isnt here at the moment. She is coming later. 瑪麗現(xiàn)在不在這兒，她一會兒來?，旣惉F(xiàn)在不在這兒，她一會兒來。

39、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-用法用法 I called you at 4:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered. Sorry, I _ with my friends at that time. (2011河南河南) A. swim B. swam C. will swim D. was swimming考點(diǎn)例析考點(diǎn)例析【考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某階過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某階 段正在進(jìn)行的動作，其謂語由段正在進(jìn)行的動作，其謂語由“was / were + 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。 常與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有：常

40、與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有： then, at that time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday等。等。 用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Id like to introduce my best friend to you, Peter. Thank you, Lucy. But we _ (meet) already. 2. Look at these stamps. I _ (keep) them for five years. Wow, they are wonderful.have methave

41、 kept肯定句：肯定句：主語主語 + have / has + 過去分詞過去分詞 + 其他其他否定句：否定句：主語主語 + havent / hasnt + 過去分過去分 詞詞 + 其他其他一般一般 Have / Has + 主語主語 + 過去分詞過去分詞 + 疑問句：疑問句：？肯定答語：肯定答語：Yes, 主格代詞主格代詞 + have / has.否定答語：否定答語：No, 主格代詞主格代詞 + havent / hasnt.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-構(gòu)成構(gòu)成1. 表示動作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。表示動作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。2. 動作發(fā)生在過去，強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果、動作發(fā)生在過

42、去，強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果、 影響等。影響等。3. 表示動作發(fā)生在過去，并且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)表示動作發(fā)生在過去，并且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至還可能繼續(xù)下去，句中使用持續(xù)性在，甚至還可能繼續(xù)下去，句中使用持續(xù)性動詞，且常有表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語。動詞，且常有表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語。4. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用在條件或時(shí)間狀語從句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用在條件或時(shí)間狀語從句中，表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)刻之前已經(jīng)完成的動作。中，表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)刻之前已經(jīng)完成的動作?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-用法用法 1) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) + since + 點(diǎn)時(shí)間狀語點(diǎn)時(shí)間狀語(名詞、短語、從句，其中從句用一名詞、短語、從句，其中從句用一般過去時(shí)般過去

43、時(shí)) 2) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) + for + 段時(shí)間狀語段時(shí)間狀語 3) It / This is the first / 其他序數(shù)詞其他序數(shù)詞 / last time + that 從句中，從句使用從句中，從句使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。1) Mary has been ill since three days ago. 2) Mary has been ill for three days. 3) It is the first time that I have visited the city.This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 現(xiàn)

44、在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-句型句型時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法用法表示經(jīng)常性發(fā)生的表示經(jīng)常性發(fā)生的動作、習(xí)慣性動作動作、習(xí)慣性動作或客觀真理、科學(xué)或客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)等。事實(shí)等。表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動作或間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。存在的狀態(tài)。表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作?；虬l(fā)生的動作。表示過去某時(shí)正表示過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動作或在進(jìn)行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。存在的狀態(tài)。表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動作間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)?；虼嬖诘臓顟B(tài)。表示

45、過去發(fā)生或表示過去發(fā)生或者未發(fā)生的事對者未發(fā)生的事對現(xiàn)在造成的影響現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果?；蚪Y(jié)果。 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成方式方式1. 動詞動詞be(am/is/are) + 表語表語2. 動詞原形動詞原形 + (主語是第三人稱主語是第三人稱單單數(shù)，動詞也用第三數(shù)，動詞也用第三人稱單數(shù)人稱單數(shù))1. 動詞動詞was/were + 表語表語2. 實(shí)義動詞的過實(shí)義動詞的過去式去式 + be(am/is/are) + 動詞的現(xiàn)在動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞分詞was / were + 動詞動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的現(xiàn)在分詞1. will/shall + 動動詞原形詞原形(shall 用于第一用于第一人稱人稱)2. be going to

46、+ 動詞原形動詞原形主語主語 + have / has + 過去分詞過去分詞 + 句句型型變變化化疑疑問問式式1. Be + 主語主語 + ?2. Do/Does + 主語主語 +動詞原形動詞原形+ ?1. Was/Were + 主主語語 + ?2. Did + 主語主語 + 動詞原形動詞原形 + ?Be + 主語主語 + 動動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞詞的現(xiàn)在分詞 + ?Was / Were + 主主語語 + 動詞的現(xiàn)在動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞分詞 + ？1. Will/Shall + 主語主語 + 動詞原形動詞原形+ ?2. Be + 主語主語+ going to + 動詞動詞原形原形 + ?Have / Has

47、 + 主主語語 + 過去分詞過去分詞 + ？否否定定式式1. 主語主語 + be + not + 2. 主語主語+dont/doesnt + 動詞原形動詞原形 + 1. 主語主語 + was/were + not +2. 主語主語 + didnt + 動詞原形動詞原形 + 主語主語 + be + not + 動詞的現(xiàn)在動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞分詞 + 主語主語 + wasnt (was not) / werent (were not) + 動詞的現(xiàn)動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞在分詞 + 1. 主語主語 + will/shall not + 動詞原形動詞原形 + 2. 主語主語 + be + not + going t

48、o + 動詞原形動詞原形 + 主語主語 + havent / hasnt + 過去分過去分詞詞 + 用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The Secondary School Entrance Exams _ (hold) in June.2. A strange noise _ (hear) by his mother last night.3. A wide road _ (build) between the two villages by those people next year. is heldwas heardwill be built被動語

49、態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的承受被動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的承受者，者，被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)由由“be + 過去分詞過去分詞”構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。be隨著主語人稱和數(shù)以及時(shí)態(tài)的不同而隨著主語人稱和數(shù)以及時(shí)態(tài)的不同而變化。含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)由變化。含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)由“can / must / may / should + be + 過去分詞過去分詞”構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)The first section of New College English is designed for speaking practiceand is based on pictures and topics.These

50、 computers were made in our own country last year.Shall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are + 過去分詞過去分詞 一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)：was/were+過去分詞過去分詞 一般將來時(shí)的被動語態(tài)一般將來時(shí)的被動語態(tài)：will/shall+be+過去分詞過去分詞 1. 有些動詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語，在用于被有些動詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語，在用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓動結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另

51、一賓語仍然保留在謂語語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語(指人指人的賓語）。的賓語）。一些特殊的被動語態(tài)一些特殊的被動語態(tài)They didnt offer Ann the job. Ann wasnt offered the job. 2. 在使役動詞在使役動詞have, make, get以及感官以及感官動詞動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時(shí)，等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時(shí)，在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)橐÷裕優(yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加被動結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，

52、要加 to。They make her clean the floor. She is made to clean the floor by them.3. It + be + 過去分詞過去分詞 + that從句從句 (=主語主語+ be + 過去分詞過去分詞 + to do sth.)表示：據(jù)說表示：據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道據(jù)報(bào)道/據(jù)悉據(jù)悉/據(jù)信等據(jù)信等據(jù)說這個(gè)男孩已經(jīng)通過了這次全國性的據(jù)說這個(gè)男孩已經(jīng)通過了這次全國性的測試。測試。It is said that the boy has passed thenational exam. The boy is said to have passed the

53、national exam.1. 某些感官動詞加形容詞及少數(shù)其他的某些感官動詞加形容詞及少數(shù)其他的動詞本身可以表示被動意義。動詞本身可以表示被動意義。smell, taste, prove, sell, etc.1) The dish tastes delicious. 2) The theory proved right at last.3) The book is so interesting that it sells well. 不可以變成被動語態(tài)的情不可以變成被動語態(tài)的情況況 need + V- ing 表示表示“主語承受動詞發(fā)主語承受動詞發(fā) 出的動作出的動作”，表示被動意義。，表示

54、被動意義。 我的車需要修理。我的車需要修理。 My car needs repairing. (= to be repaired). 戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)了。戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)了。The war broke out.但不能說：但不能說：The war was broke out.3. 通常只有及物動詞（組）才有被動通常只有及物動詞（組）才有被動語態(tài)，不及物動詞沒有。語態(tài)，不及物動詞沒有。 “be + 過去分詞過去分詞”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)并不都是被這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)并不都是被動語態(tài)，也可能是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。被動語態(tài)動語態(tài)，也可能是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)主要區(qū)別是與系表結(jié)構(gòu)主要區(qū)別是：被動結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動結(jié)構(gòu)表示一個(gè)動作，而系表結(jié)構(gòu)表示主語的

55、特點(diǎn)一個(gè)動作，而系表結(jié)構(gòu)表示主語的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)，或所處的狀態(tài)，試比較下面的句子：試比較下面的句子：被動結(jié)構(gòu)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別被動結(jié)構(gòu)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別The enemy was soon surrounded by us.The house is surrounded by trees.She was bitten by the dog in the darkness. I was excited by the news that my husbandgot promoted.被動結(jié)構(gòu)被動結(jié)構(gòu)系表結(jié)構(gòu)系表結(jié)構(gòu)被動結(jié)構(gòu)被動結(jié)構(gòu) 系表結(jié)構(gòu)系表結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一

56、般現(xiàn)在時(shí) do / doesam / is / are + done一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) didwas / were + done一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí) will / be going to + dowill / be going to + be + done一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)的主動結(jié)構(gòu)和被動結(jié)構(gòu)的主動結(jié)構(gòu)和被動結(jié)構(gòu) (以動詞以動詞do為例為例)： We can do it by ourselves. It must be Toms. Look at his name on the cover. 3.Im sorry. Children must

57、nt swim here. 4.May see you ID card, sir? 5.Will you pass me the book?指出下列劃線動詞的種類。指出下列劃線動詞的種類。情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 情態(tài)動詞具有一定的意義，但不能單獨(dú)情態(tài)動詞具有一定的意義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，其后需接動詞原形一起構(gòu)成句子作謂語，其后需接動詞原形一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語。情態(tài)動詞的謂語。情態(tài)動詞(除除have to以外以外)沒有人沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。另外，情態(tài)動詞可用來構(gòu)稱和數(shù)的變化。另外，情態(tài)動詞可用來構(gòu)成否定句、疑問句并進(jìn)行簡略回答。初中成否定句、疑問句并

58、進(jìn)行簡略回答。初中常見的情態(tài)動詞有：常見的情態(tài)動詞有：can, may, must, need, have to, could, should, ought to 等。等?？键c(diǎn)一：考查表示考點(diǎn)一：考查表示“能力能力”的情態(tài)動詞的情態(tài)動詞 1. _ your Australian friend eat with chopsticks? Yes, but she cant use them well. A. Should B. Need C. Can D. Must2. The work is too hard for us. We _ finish it on time. A. cant B.

59、mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3. Could your father play golf when he was young? No, he _. But he _ play table tennis. A. couldnt; could B. neednt; might C. mustnt; should D. shouldnt; need 【考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞can表示表示“能力能力”時(shí)，與時(shí)，與be able to同義，其否定形式為同義，其否定形式為cant。can表示現(xiàn)在的能力，其過去式表示現(xiàn)在的能力，其過去式co

60、uld表示過表示過去的能力。去的能力?？键c(diǎn)二：考查表示考點(diǎn)二：考查表示“應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”的情態(tài)動詞的情態(tài)動詞 1. _ weto finish our homework before noon? Yes, you _. A. Need; can B. Have; do C. Ought; ought to D. Should; must2. You _ study hard if you want to be a scientist in the future. A. may B. should C. would D. could 【考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞should和和ought to都可表