非謂語動詞復習課件

1、Non-infinitive非謂語動詞非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)形式非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)形式不定式動名詞分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞一般式一般被動式完成式完成被動式進行式完成進行式非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)形式非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)形式不定式動名詞分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞一般式to do doingdoingdone一般被動式 to be donebeing donebeing done完成式to have donehaving done having done完成被動式to have been donehaving been donehaving been done進行式to be doing_完成進行式to have been d

2、oing _非謂語動詞在句中所作的成分非謂語動詞在句中所作的成分 成 分動詞形式主語賓語表語定語狀語補語不定式動名詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞非謂語動詞非謂語動詞（本堂課主要內(nèi)容）（本堂課主要內(nèi)容）1.不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞作不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞作賓補賓補的用法的用法2.不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞作不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞作定語定語的用法的用法3.不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞作不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞作狀語狀語的用法的用法 （一）不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作賓補的區(qū)別（一）不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作賓補的區(qū)別v現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補和賓語在邏輯上有主動關(guān)系，強調(diào)動作現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補和賓語在邏輯上有主

3、動關(guān)系，強調(diào)動作在進行在進行。v1. I saw him falling off his bike just at that moment (看到他時他正從自行車上掉下來?？吹剿麜r他正從自行車上掉下來。) v2. He found himself lying on the ground when he came to himself(當他蘇醒過來時他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正躺在地上。當他蘇醒過來時他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正躺在地上。)v不定式作賓補和賓語在邏輯上有主動關(guān)系，強調(diào)動作的不定式作賓補和賓語在邏輯上有主動關(guān)系，強調(diào)動作的過程。過程。v注意：注意：如果賓語補足語是一系列的動作，通常只能用不如果賓語補足語是一系列的

4、動作，通常只能用不定式來表示，不用動詞的定式來表示，不用動詞的-ing形式。形式。v1. I saw him fall off his bike and hurt his left leg(看到他看到他從自行車上掉下來，并且摔傷了腿。從自行車上掉下來，并且摔傷了腿。)表全過程。表全過程。v2. I saw him enter the room, sit down and light a cigarette.v過去分詞作賓補和賓語在邏輯上有被動關(guān)系。過去分詞作賓補和賓語在邏輯上有被動關(guān)系。v1. I heard my name called by someone(我聽我聽到我的名字被叫，到我的名

5、字被叫，my name和和called是被動關(guān)系。是被動關(guān)系。)v2. when I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves. (一一)非謂語動詞作賓補非謂語動詞作賓補1.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not to it D. do not toA 為了避免重復，常用省略形式為了避免重復，常用省略形式 to 來代替前面動作。如：來代替前面動

6、作。如：Would you like to visit our school? Yes, Id like to.2. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He alwaysworks hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning3. The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play4. The managers discussed the plan that they wo

7、uld like to see_ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry outBCA（二）不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作定語的區(qū)別（二）不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作定語的區(qū)別v動詞不定式作定語通常放在被修飾的名詞后面。v1. The poor children need something to eatv它和被修飾的名詞有時有動賓關(guān)系。v2. There is some books for you to read(可看成：to read some books)v3. Id like to ge

8、t something to drink(可看成：to drink something)v如果這個作定語的不定式是一個不及物動詞，注意不可忽略不定式短語中的副詞或介詞。v1. I need a pen to write with(可看成：可看成：to write with the pen)v2. She now has nothing to worry about(可可看成：看成：to worry about nothing)(二二)不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作定語時在時態(tài)和不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作定語時在時態(tài)和語態(tài)上有區(qū)別語態(tài)上有區(qū)別v*不定式作定語表示將來的動作不定式作定語表示將來的動

9、作。v如：The bridge to be built next month is the third bridge across the riverv*現(xiàn)在分詞作定語現(xiàn)在分詞作定語,doing表示正在進行表示正在進行,與被修飾詞是主與被修飾詞是主動關(guān)系；動關(guān)系；being done表示正在進行與被修飾詞是被動表示正在進行與被修飾詞是被動關(guān)系關(guān)系。v如：The bridge being built now is the third bridge across the riverv*過去分詞作定語表示已完成或與先行詞是被動關(guān)系的過去分詞作定語表示已完成或與先行詞是被動關(guān)系的動作動作。v如：The

10、 bridge built last year is the third bridge across the river(二二)非謂語動詞作定語非謂語動詞作定語 高考題點擊：高考題點擊：1. The flowers _ sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 該題的謂語動詞是該題的謂語動詞是 attract，“聞起來很香聞起來很香”用來作定語修用來作定語修飾飾主語主語 flowers。感官動詞沒有被動。感官動

11、詞沒有被動。BD3. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung 4. There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to buy. A. to be chosenB. to choose from C. to chooseD. for choosingBB.1.to do表示表示1.目的目的;2.結(jié)果結(jié)果表示出人預(yù)料的情況或結(jié)果。常用表示出人預(yù)料的情況或結(jié)果。常用only強調(diào)。強調(diào)。3.原因

12、原因表示造成情感變化的原因表示造成情感變化的原因1. They worked hard to pay for the necklace.2. He woke up only to find himself lying on a bed in a hospital.3. I am glad to see you.（三）不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作狀語的區(qū)別（三）不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作狀語的區(qū)別2. Ing-form、ed-form 作狀語的區(qū)別作狀語的區(qū)別Seeing from the top of the hill, you can find the city more beautifu

13、l.Seen from the top of the hill ,the city is more beautiful.不定式表結(jié)果時，指沒有預(yù)料到的結(jié)果。不定式表結(jié)果時，指沒有預(yù)料到的結(jié)果。v1. I got up only to find it was raining outside (起來時沒有料到在下雨。起來時沒有料到在下雨。)v2. He was too excited to say a word (太激動了太激動了說不出話，是沒有預(yù)料到的情況。說不出話，是沒有預(yù)料到的情況。)分詞表示結(jié)果包含著一種必然發(fā)生的情況分詞表示結(jié)果包含著一種必然發(fā)生的情況。v1. His parents d

14、ied，leaving him a lot of money(父母去世，錢留給兒子。這是自然的事。父母去世，錢留給兒子。這是自然的事。)v2. The output of iron decreased by 23last year, reaching 80，000 tons(產(chǎn)量下降，到了產(chǎn)量下降，到了80，000噸，這是必然結(jié)果。噸，這是必然結(jié)果。)3.不定式和分詞作狀語表示結(jié)果時的區(qū)別不定式和分詞作狀語表示結(jié)果時的區(qū)別done,句子句子（不強調(diào)時間先后，表示狀語的動作與邏輯主語是被動（不強調(diào)時間先后，表示狀語的動作與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系或表邏輯主語的狀態(tài)）關(guān)系或表邏輯主語的狀態(tài)）;Being

15、 done,句子句子（強調(diào)狀語的動作與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系，而且正（強調(diào)狀語的動作與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系，而且正在進行）在進行）;Having been done,句子句子（強調(diào)時間先后，表示狀語的動作在謂語動（強調(diào)時間先后，表示狀語的動作在謂語動詞之前已經(jīng)完成，而且狀語動作與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系）；詞之前已經(jīng)完成，而且狀語動作與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系）；v1.Used as a means of traffic in China, the bike is very useful.v2.Surprised and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.v

16、3.Being used by me now, the bike cant be lent to you.v4.Having been used for many years, the bike needs repairing. （三）非謂語動詞作狀語（三）非謂語動詞作狀語高考題點擊：高考題點擊： 1. - Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? - _ enough protein and nutrition as you aregrowing up. A. GetB. Getting C. To getD. To be ge

17、tting2. In order to make our city green, _. A. it is necessary to have planted more trees B. many more trees need to plant C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more treesCD回答回答why引導的問句，一般用不定式，回答引導的問句，一般用不定式，回答what問問句，一般用句，一般用ing形式。形式。3. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. LostD. To lose4. _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given5. He sent me an E-mail, _ to get further information. A. hoped B. hopingC. to hope D.