定語從句講解公開課(22張ppt)

1、Learning Aims:1. To summarize and review the the Attributive Clause.2. To master The Attributive Clause.The Attributive ClauseThe Attributive Clause定語從句定語從句一、定語一、定語定語定語是用來修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的。是用來修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的。 修飾名詞或代詞的修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句詞、短語或從句稱為定語稱為定語。his desk Toms fathera beautiful city three t

2、eacherswomen teachers in the room abovea developing country a developed countryThere is nothing to do today. an article about how to learn Englisha city which is beautiful物主代詞物主代詞形容詞形容詞名詞名詞現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞過去分詞不定式不定式介詞短語介詞短語從句從句名詞所有格名詞所有格數(shù)詞數(shù)詞副詞副詞二二 定語從句定語從句1. 1. 含義含義修飾名詞或代詞的修飾名詞或代詞的句子句子叫定語從句。叫定語從句。定語從句一般

3、緊跟在所修飾的名詞或代詞定語從句一般緊跟在所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。之后。Mary is a girl who has long hair.修飾修飾girlThis is the classroom where we study.修飾修飾classroom2. 2. 如何改如何改寫寫成定成定語從語從句？句？寫法：寫法： 找出兩個簡單句的共有成分；找出兩個簡單句的共有成分； 將從句中的共有成分去掉；將從句中的共有成分去掉； 用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)剩下的從句，并緊用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)剩下的從句，并緊接在被修飾詞之后接在被修飾詞之后I love the girl. The girl has long hair.I lo

4、ve the girl who has long hair.先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語從句定語從句Mary is a girl who has long hair.Mary is a girl who has long hair.Mary is a girl who has long hair.3. 3. 相關(guān)術(shù)語相關(guān)術(shù)語關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞關(guān)系關(guān)系副詞副詞which, who, whom, whose, that, asWhere, when, why5. 5. 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Look at the kites which are flying in the sky. The pen whi

5、ch Im using is pretty good. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher. Whos the boy that is reading a book?Can you show me the photo that you like best?I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.The house whose windows are closed is mine.which

6、：指物，作主語或賓語指物，作主語或賓語who：指人，作主語；指人，作主語；whom：指人，做賓語：指人，做賓語whose：指人或物，做定語指人或物，做定語that：指人或物，作主語或賓語指人或物，作主語或賓語做題技巧：做題技巧：1. 確定定語從句確定定語從句2.看先行詞是指人還是指物看先行詞是指人還是指物3. 確定先行詞在定語從句中做的成分確定先行詞在定語從句中做的成分4. 確定關(guān)系代詞確定關(guān)系代詞The boys _are playing football are from Class One.Football is a game _is liked by most boys.whowhic

7、h/ that1. Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 2. Yesterday I helped an old man _ had lost his way.3. Mr. Liu is the person _ you talked about on the bus. 4. Li Ming is just the boy _ I want to see.5. The factory _ makes computers is far away from here.6

8、. He likes to read books _ are written by Shakespeare.7. This is the pen _ he bought yesterday.whowhowhomwhomWhich/ thatWhich/thatWhich/ that8. The number of people _ come to visit this city each year reaches one million.9. Where is the man _ I saw this morning?10. The season _ comes after spring is

9、 summer.11. I visited a scientist _ name is known all over the country. 12. Do you like the book _ cover is yellow?13. The classroom _ door is broken will soon be repaired.whowhomWhich/ thatwhosewhosewhose Could you still remember the time when the train left ? This is the factory where my father wo

10、rks? Do you know the reason why he was late for school?when the train leftthe timethe factory where my fatherworks?the reason why he waslate for school?whenwherewhy（指時間，作狀語）（指時間，作狀語）（指地點，作狀語）（指地點，作狀語）（指原因，作狀語）（指原因，作狀語）6. 6. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞1. The reason _ he gave us sounded reasonable. 2. I dont know the re

11、ason _ he quarreled with you. 3. Ill never forget the day _ we spent together.4. Ill remember the day _ we stayed together.5. This is the hotel _ we visited last year.6. This is the hotel _ Lincoln once lived.總結(jié)：總結(jié)： 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇關(guān)鍵看關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇關(guān)鍵看關(guān)系詞 在定語從句中做的在定語從句中做的成分成分而定。而定。whythat/whichthat/whi

12、chwhenthat/whichwhere關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別1. The reason _ he gave us sounded reasonable. 2. I dont know the reason _ he quarreled with you. 3. Ill never forget the day _ we spent together.4. Ill remember the day _ we stayed together.5. This is the hotel _ we visited last year.6. This is the hotel

13、 _ Lincoln once lived.總結(jié)關(guān)系詞的用法：總結(jié)關(guān)系詞的用法：關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做在定語從句中做_時，時，用用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞(which, who, whom, that, whose)引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)定語從句。定語從句。關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做在定語從句中做_時，用時，用關(guān)系副關(guān)系副詞詞(when, where, why)引導(dǎo)定語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句。主語、賓語、或定語主語、賓語、或定語狀語狀語當(dāng)當(dāng)先行詞先行詞是是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage, degree，occasion等詞，表示情況、等詞，表示情

14、況、方面、處境時用關(guān)系副詞方面、處境時用關(guān)系副詞where。He had to face the condition where pressure was heavy.They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.Its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.當(dāng)當(dāng)先行詞先行詞是是case, condition, situation, position, point, stag

15、e, degree，occasion等詞，表示情況、等詞，表示情況、方面、處境時用關(guān)系副詞方面、處境時用關(guān)系副詞where。 that和和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下但在下列情況下, 一般一般用用that而不用而不用which。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book th

16、at belongs to him.(1) 先行詞為先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時。等不定代詞時。(2)先行詞被先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等等 修飾時。修飾時。(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。(4)先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時。修飾時。7. that 和和 which 的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別：(5)先行詞同時指人和指物時，用先行詞同

17、時指人和指物時，用thatthat。.(6)先行詞是先行詞是who或或who引導(dǎo)的主句。引導(dǎo)的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished(7)當(dāng)先行詞是當(dāng)先行詞是which時，關(guān)系代詞用時，關(guān)系代詞用that. Which is the book that you bought last week?(8)當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作be表語時，關(guān)系代表語時，關(guān)系代詞用詞用that. She isnt the girl that she was 10 year

18、s ago.(9)主句以主句以There be 引導(dǎo)時引導(dǎo)時 There are 200 people that didnt know the thing. 下列情況不能使用下列情況不能使用that,而用而用which that 不能引導(dǎo)不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. that不能置于不能置于介詞之后介詞之后（介詞后指物（介詞后指物用用which,指人用指人用whom）The person _I am speaking just now is our English teacher.The prize _he worked so