初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解練習(xí)及答案

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)【現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)】 A. 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)?！境Ｓ脮r(shí)間狀語(yǔ)】recently, lately, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn), for+數(shù)字+時(shí)間名詞, in the past few months/years等【構(gòu)成】 肯定形式：have/has + done 否定形式：have/has + not +done 一般疑問(wèn)句：have或has放于句首 B.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話之前已完成，而對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。 eg. The car has arrived.車(chē)子來(lái)了。（結(jié)果：車(chē)子已在門(mén)口） Someo

2、ne has broken the window.有人把窗戶(hù)打破了。（結(jié)果：窗戶(hù)仍破著）區(qū)別：have been to, have gone to, have been inhave been to,表示去過(guò)某個(gè)地方，不過(guò)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了have gone to表示去了，但還沒(méi)有回來(lái)，也許是在去的途中have been in指的是在某個(gè)地方，從過(guò)去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在例如：你以前去過(guò)北京么？例如：A: Is Mr.Wang at home?B: No,he is not in,（他去香港了）2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去。常用for和since表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)或s

3、o far，now，today，this week (month，year)等表示包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的狀語(yǔ)。eg. He has studied English for 5 years. He has studied English since 2001. Now I have finished the work.注意：表示短暫時(shí)間動(dòng)作的詞，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成時(shí)不能與for，since等表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用。用來(lái)持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)或表過(guò)去重復(fù)的動(dòng)作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自從）或for（經(jīng)歷）引導(dǎo)的詞語(yǔ)連用。如：I have

4、lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。由非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞到延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：arrive be here begin(start)be ondie be dead come back be backleave be awayfall ill(sick, asleep) be ill(sick, asleep)get up be upgo out be outfinish be overput on wear 或be onopen be openjoin be in或be a member ofclose be closedgo to sc

5、hool be a studentborrow keepbuy have catch(a cold) have(a cold)get to know knowbegin to study studycome to work work例題 （ ）1.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away（ ）2. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have jo

6、ined C. have been in（ ）3.The factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened（ ）4.Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become（ ）5.You mustn't_ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left（ ）6.Th

7、e meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over（ ）7.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught（ ）8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years. A. has been B. has become C. was D. became（ ）9. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been bac

8、k C. returned（ ）10. How long _ he _ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead（ ）11. He _ at eight yesterday afternoon. A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept（ ）12.He _ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had （ ）13.-How long _ you _ ill ? -Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fel

9、l C. have, been（ ）14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown. A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from（ ）15.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take練習(xí)單項(xiàng)選擇 （ ）1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _what's happened to him. A. knew B. have known C.

10、 must know D. will know（ ）2、He has _ been to Shanghai, has he ?A. already B. never C. ever D. still（ ）3、Have you met Mr Li _？ A. just B. ago C. before D. a moment ago（ ）4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . A. is writing B. was writing C. wrote D. has written（ ）5、Our country _ a

11、lot so far . Yes. I hope it will be even _. A. has changed; well B. changed; good C. has changed; better D. changed; better（ ）6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying（ ）7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . A. know B.

12、 had known C. have known D. knew（ ）8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _ it twice. A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. see（ ）9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really? When _ there? A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone （ ）10、_ you _ your homework yet? Yes. I

13、_ it a moment ago. A.Did; do; finished B.Have; done; finished C.Have; done; have finished D.will; do; finish（ ）11、His father _ the club since 1988. A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in（ ）12、Do you know her well? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago. A. were B. have been C. have become

14、D. have made（ ）13、How long have you _ here? About seven years. A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived（ ）14、Hurry up! The program _ for five minutes . A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began（ ）15、It _ ten years since he came Chengdu. A. is B. has C. will D. was（ ）16、Miss Green isn't in the

15、office. She _ to the library. A. has gone B. went C. will go D. has been（ ）17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been（ ）18、He _ for 2 hours. A. got up B. has got up C. has been up（ ）19、Tom is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days. A.

16、 is B. catches C. has caught D. has had（ ）20、His grandparents _ for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the universit1、Both  his  parents  look  sad .Maybethey  _what's  happened  to  him .  knew

17、60; .  have known   .  must know   .will know2、He  has  _ been  to  Shanghai , has  he ?.  already   .never    .ever    . still3、Have  you  met  Mr  Li _？.  just   .

18、  ago     .before   .  a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year. is  writing    .was  writing    .wrote  .has  written 5、-Our country  _ a lot so far .-Yes . I hope it will be ev

19、en _ . has  changed ; well   .  changed ; good. has  changed ; better .  changed ; better6、Zhao Lan _already  _in this school for two years . was ; studying . will ; study. has ; studied  . are ; studying7、We _ Xiao  Li  since  she

20、0; was  a  little  girl . know   .  had  known   . have  known   .  knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice .  will  see     .  have  seen     .  saw &#

21、160; .see9、-These  farmers  have  been  to  the  United  States . -Really ? When _  there ? . will  they  go      .  did  they  go .  do  they  go      .  have 

22、 they  gone10、-_ you _ your  homework  yet -Yes . I _  it  a  moment  ago .  Did ; do ; finished    .  Have ; done ; finished.  Have ; done ; have  finished   .  will ; do ; finish11、 His  father  _ the

23、60; Party  since  1978 .  joined    .  has joined  .  was in .  has  been  in12、-Do you know him well ?-  Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago .  were    . have been  . have become   . have made13、-

24、How long have you  _ here ?-About two months .  been     .  gone     .  come  .  arrived14、Hurry  up! The  play _ for  ten  minutes .  has  begun .  had  begun .  has  been  o

25、n.  began15、 It  _ ten  years  since  he  left  the  army .  is   .  has    .  will    .  was16、 Miss  Green  isn't  in  the  office . she_  to  the  librar

26、y .has  gone  . went   .will  go   .  has  been17、My  parents _  Shandong  for  ten  years .  have  been  in  .have  been .  have  gone  to . have  been18、The students have cl

27、eaned the classroom,      ?A. so they   B. don't they   C. have they   D. haven't they19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he        to China?A. How soon, comes    &#

28、160;        B. How often, got  C. How long, came              D. How far, arrived20、 His uncle        for more than 9 years. A. has come here   B. has started to wor C. has lived there      D. has left the university二、用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since