任務(wù)型閱讀(含答案解析)

1、任務(wù)型閱讀知識清單一、考點分析任務(wù)型閱讀是“閱讀理解”的另一種形式，綜合考查學(xué)生歸納概括能力和語篇結(jié)構(gòu)理解能力。其內(nèi)容涉及廣泛，要求學(xué)生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上，完成一項任務(wù)或解決一個問題。所以“任務(wù)型閱讀”是介于閱讀理解和寫作之間，其任務(wù)已不同于閱讀理解中的選擇題或書面表達(dá)，而是在理解文字的基礎(chǔ)上，完成相應(yīng)的圖表或文字練習(xí)，從而有效地測試學(xué)生用英語“做 事”的能力。根據(jù)任務(wù)類型，常見題型有以下四種：1.完成表格型此類任務(wù)型閱讀要求我們在理解文本信息的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)材料提供的直接信息或由我們推理、提煉后的間接信息完成題目要求的任務(wù)。其閱讀內(nèi)容更貼近學(xué)生的生活實際，任務(wù)的設(shè)置變化多樣，不光有簡單信息的捕

2、捉，而且有閱讀短文，通過對短文信息的歸納，加工處理，運用語言邏輯推理和思維能力來完成表格。2.回答問題型此類任務(wù)型閱讀要求我們根據(jù)短文、表格、圖片或圖文結(jié)合的材料回答命題者設(shè)定的問題，所設(shè)置的任務(wù)通過事實或細(xì)節(jié)的查找就能完成，與普通閱讀理解的解題方法相似，只是題目設(shè)計采用了主觀題形式，沒有給出選項，需要我們從材料中尋求信息，以一個完整的句子，或者是其適當(dāng)?shù)目s略形式作答。從問題所涉及的內(nèi)容看，考查文本表層理解多于深層理解，其設(shè)計的問題多為五W 或一般疑問句的細(xì)節(jié)性問題，而涉及推理判斷、文章主旨、寫作意圖及作者態(tài)度、感受等的題目則少之又少。此類題型是學(xué)生失分較多的題型之一，要求學(xué)生有較扎實的語言基

3、礎(chǔ)和較強(qiáng)的綜合運用英語的能力。3.句子還原型還原短文型“閱讀理解”題有兩種形式：即選擇句子還原短文和排列段落還原短文。第一種形式要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從文后所給的句子中選出適當(dāng)?shù)木渥犹钊攵涛目瞻滋?。第二種形式是給出一篇200300 個詞的短文，要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)，將順序打亂的段落重新排序，有時首段或尾段的位置已給出。這種題型旨在考查考生對短文整體結(jié)構(gòu)的理解 能力，要求考生從短文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的層面上把握短文，了解其大概意思和結(jié)構(gòu)，分清句子或段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系，然后還原成短文的原貌。4.多元綜合型此類任務(wù)型閱讀是上述各種題型的綜合，可以給出不同的任務(wù)讓學(xué)生逐一完成。一般是在問題設(shè)計上兼顧了多

4、種類型，既有根據(jù)短文設(shè)計的問答題和相應(yīng)的翻譯題、句型轉(zhuǎn)換等，又有根據(jù)內(nèi)容完成句子，完成這一題型應(yīng)非常細(xì)致，應(yīng)認(rèn)真地到原材料中收集有用的信息，并且經(jīng)過整理輸出信息。在明白題意和文意的基礎(chǔ)上，仔細(xì)閱讀后面的題目要求，根據(jù)實際情況去完成所要求的任務(wù)。二、解題步驟1.明確任務(wù)。由于題目要求形式多樣，在同一篇閱讀材料中會要求完成不同的任務(wù)，因此解題前要先4.認(rèn)真檢查。完成任務(wù)后要重新審視材料，檢查所做的答案是否復(fù)合要求，同時語言要精練準(zhǔn)確。提分策略1.認(rèn)真審題，讀懂題意由于題目要求形式多樣，在同一篇閱讀材料中會要求完成不同的任務(wù)，因此解題前要先明確任務(wù)，做到心中有數(shù)。2.- 對應(yīng)，緊扣原文。即在原文中找

5、出問題題干所包括的信息部分保答題的準(zhǔn)確性。如果是根據(jù)英文釋義寫單詞的題切不可脫離原文，隨意發(fā)揮。3.注意讀寫結(jié)合。任務(wù)型閱讀不僅考查學(xué)生閱讀理解層面的能力寫單詞，則要注意拼寫正確寫；若所要完成的是短語或句子成分，則需謹(jǐn)慎對待句子成分，需用什么樣的表達(dá)方式不可簡單草率地將文中信息直接挪用。這樣就可以快速準(zhǔn)確地抓住有效信息，確,則一定要確保所填的單詞來源于原文，,更加注重考查學(xué)生“寫”的能力。若是詞形、詞性有無變化，是否需要大,依據(jù)所給題干分析要完成的是什么明確任務(wù)，做到心中有數(shù)。2.快速閱讀，掌握大意在做題時要快速掃視一下文章的大意，然后結(jié)合前面的題目的要求，大致明白所要完成的任務(wù)。3.細(xì)讀題目

6、，完成任務(wù)在明白題意和文章意思的基礎(chǔ)上，仔細(xì)閱讀后面的題目要求，在原文中找出問題題干所包括的信息部分，這樣就可以快速準(zhǔn)確地抓住有效信息，確保答題的準(zhǔn)確性。如果是根據(jù)英文釋義寫單詞的題，則一定要確保所填的單詞來源于原文，切不可脫離原文，隨意發(fā)揮。4.復(fù)讀文章，核實任務(wù)在初步完成所要求的任務(wù)以后，學(xué)生必須再仔細(xì)閱讀所提供的短文，結(jié)合題意、文章和文后提供的任務(wù)信息、認(rèn)真核實任務(wù)以保證答題正確。5.注意讀寫結(jié)合任務(wù)型閱讀不僅考查學(xué)生閱讀理解層面的能力，更加注重考查學(xué)生“寫”的能力。若是寫單詞，則要注意拼寫正確，詞形、詞性有無變化，是否需要大寫；若所要完成的是短語或句子成分，則需謹(jǐn)慎對待，依據(jù)所給題干分

7、析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么樣的表達(dá)方式，不可簡單草率地將文中信息直接挪用?？傊?，任務(wù)型閱讀理解不同于傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解，它介于閱讀理解與寫作之間，教師應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新課改的要求，掌握任務(wù)型閱讀理解的特點，加強(qiáng)學(xué)生任務(wù)型閱讀能力的培養(yǎng)?！纠?1】（2014 江蘇鎮(zhèn)江6165）Have you ever asked your relativesor friends ifthere is Wi-Fi intheirhouses?Have you ever searchedfor Wi-Fi when you are at restaurants or hotels? The answerswill p

8、robably be “ Yes ” . Most of us want Wi-Fieverywhere as if we cantlivewithoutit. But we can only use free Wi-Fi in some public places. We still have to spendsome money accessing（ 連接 ）the Internet at most time. Here comes a piece of good news.A rich,powerful organizationin the USA calledthe Media Dev

9、elopment InvestmentFund（MDIF） has decided to change the age of online computing（計算）completely bygiving free Wi-Fi to every person on Earth. satellitesThey will send up hundreds ofinto low Earth orbit（軌道）in 2015.This is because they have made a survey and found that only 60% of the worldspopulation h

10、ave been able to get information on the Internet.maqy countries are unable to offer people the necessary infrastructure （ toaccess the web.We can expect to use free Wi-Fi everywhere in the near future.閱讀以上信息，用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下面的表格，每空一詞。And this is also because基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）Present situation Many of us want Wi-Filiveev

11、erywhereas if we cantwithout it. Accessing the Internet1 us some money.What the organization willdo MDIF has made a decision to send up hundreds ofsatellites into low Earth orbit in 2015 so that for every person onEarth,therewillbe free Wi-Fi93Only 60% of the worlds population havebeen able to get i

12、nformation on the Internet. Manycountriescant4people with thenecessary infrastructure to access the web. Free Wi-Fi will5the world in thenearWhat we can expect future.【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。的文早講述了當(dāng)下非常流仃Wi-Fi 。 當(dāng)你到親戚或朋友家或在餐廳或賓館,都免不了去Wi-是免費的,而有的是搜尋Fi,這些里面有的Wi-Fi收費的。令人高興的是美國 家有實力的組MDIF 至 U織2015年將為全球的人們提供免費的Wi-

13、Fi【答案】We still have to spend some money1. costs根據(jù)文章第一段句子“accessing(連接)the Internet at most, 所以填time.”可知搜尋網(wǎng)絡(luò)花很多錢costs 。根據(jù)文章第二段句子“ (MDIF) has decided to changeage ofavailablecomputing( 計算)completely by giving free Wi-Fi to every person on Earth.在 2015 年 MDIF 將提供免費Wi-Fi, 所以說 2015 年全球?qū)⒂忻赓M的至 U的 可以利用的要 av

14、ailable 來表示根據(jù)文章第三段句子“ This is because they have made asurvey and found that only 60% of the worlds population have been able to getinformation on the Internet.”中的關(guān)鍵詞 because 可知，這些是 MDIF 為人們提供免費2.the online”可知Wi-Fi 可以使用的。3. Reason(s)/Cause(s)Wi-Fi的原因。4. provide根據(jù)文章第三段句子“many countries are unableto of

15、fer people thenecessary infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 )to access the web”中的關(guān)鍵詞 offer知很多國家不能夠為人們提供搜尋網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。provide sb. with sth.表示“為某人提供某物”5.cover/s 根據(jù)文章最后一段“ Wecan expect to use free Wi-Fi everywhere in thenear future.”可知在不久的將來，免費的 Wi-Fi 將覆蓋全球。cover 意為“覆蓋”?！纠?2】（2013 山東萊蕪）閱讀短文，根據(jù)要求完成下面各小題。A life coach is som

16、ebody who helps you reach all kinds of personal and professional goals（ 目標(biāo) ）. Each ofus has the abilityto be our own lifecoach. Hereare some tips for you:Pay attention to your relationships with othersAsk yourself the following questions:How do you deal withdisagreements? When was the last time you

17、showed your family membersthat you care for them? Your relationships with friends,family membersand teachers show a lot about what kindof person you are.Face the fears about the futureNow,imagine that one of your good friends told you that he or she was notstrong enough to go back to school. 3We oft

18、en give better advice than we arewilling totake ourselves. Remember that even the most successful people wereprobably told that what they wanted to do was impossible,but theyfollowed their dreams and succeed.Develop your talentsIf you want to reachyour goals,youwillhave tospend more timedevelopingth

19、etalents you already have,and uncovering any hidden talents that you havent discovered yet. So you can takeclasses in subjects that you are interestedin,evenif you have no experience.Be thankfulTake some time to be thankful for the things you do have. Remember positivememories. 4Think of the best da

20、y（s）you have had in the past months or years.Rememberspecial parties,vacations and holidays. Appreciate the wonderful people you have in your life.A. 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容簡要回答問題。1. Which tip do you think influences you most?2. Why should you pay attention to your relationships with others?B.將短文中畫線的句子譯成漢語。3.-4.-C.請

21、給短文擬一個適當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題。5.【主旨大意】 本文主要講的是我們每個人都是自己的生活導(dǎo)師和如何面對處理生活中的一些問題?！敬鸢浮?. Pay attentionto your relationshipswith others./Facefearsabout the future./Develop your talents. /Be thankful.2.Because your/our/my relationships with others/friends,familymembers andteachers show a lot about what kind of person you/we

22、are/I am.3.我們經(jīng)常給別人更好的建議，而自己卻不愿接受。4.想一想在過去的歲月里你擁有的最美好的時光。5. To be your own life coach/Being your own life coach/How to beyour own life coach/The tips/suggestions of being your own lifecoach.專項訓(xùn)練Passage 1 （2014江蘇常州）Much meaning can be conveyed （ 傳送） with our eyes,so it is often said that eyes can spea

23、k. Do you have suchkind of experience? In a bus you may look at a stranger,but not too long. And if he is sensing that he is being staredthe（盯）at,he may feeluncomfortable.The same isin dailylife.more than necessary,youIf willyou are lookedat forlook at yourselfup and down to see ifthereisanything wr

24、ong withyou.Ifnothinggoes wrong,you will feel angry toward others stare at you that way. Eyes dospeak,right?Looking too long at someone may seem to be impolite and even rude. But thingsare different when it comes to stare at the opposite sex. If a man stares ata woman4fo more than 10 seconds and ref

25、usesturntois obvious.That is,he wishesattracther attention,tomake her understandthathe is admiringher.However,theeyetwoduring athanormalcontactforpeopleconversationis tthespeake wi onlattotrllylook thelistenerfrom t ime time;inorder omake surethatr tohiseyes away from the woman,his purposethe listen

26、er is paying attention to what the speaker isspeaking,to tell him thathe is interested.If a speakeryou,yowifeeuIIllooks at you continuously when speaking,as if he tries tolia說謊uncomfortable. A poor r（ 者） usually looks toocontrollongatthevictim,because he believes that looking straight in the eye is

27、asign of honestcommunication.In fact,continuous eye contact only happens between two lovers,whowill enjoylookin at each otherfor atime,tggentlylongo show feelingObviously,eye contact should be done according to the relationshipbetween twothaexpresst words cannot .people and the proper situation.Eyes

28、 can talk in our daily life. A lot of feelings can be conveyed tootherswith our eyes. There are a lot of factsto prove it.-閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后的表格中填入恰當(dāng)?shù)?單詞fo,每空一詞You may feel 1 if you are stared at r more than necessary. if there is anythingwrong with you. If not,you will feel very angry.When staring

29、at the opposite sex:Looking too long at awoman youthat you want to attract her attention. And most of time,continuous eyejust for two lovers.When having3 with others:If the speaker looks at thealistener atconversation,iteyeiduring the sa normal contact.If the speaker sstraight in the eye too long is

30、nt a sign of honest communication.Andyowwonder2 meanscontact isaliar,looking4So remember to look at others atothers5 time. If not,it will makethe4uncomfortable.Passage 2 （2014湖北鄂州）Everyone has their dream. They give uscourageand confidencetokeep us goingthrougdifficulthies.(1)Herrealizeis some advic

31、e on how toe our beautiful dreams.Never giving up is the key to making our dreams come true. We may fail from time to time,but we can learnfrom failure,correct our mistakes and try again until weachievgoalsFordifficultieour .thatreason,nomatterwhat eswe meet,we wont failwe give upiswhich is notunles

32、sourhopes.Our lifelikea long journeyallroses.We believe rainbowIt sometimes has wind and rain. willappear after storms. (2)Wewill realize our dreams at last if we do our best. Cooperation is also necessary.(3)Everyone likes a person who is good at cooperating withothers. (4)除此之外Each of us is like a在

33、我們這個社會里，大多數(shù)困難不可能被一個人單獨解決。part ofa machine. If one part isnt in order,the machine cant work well. Its hardfora person who is away from the society to have a deep understanding of the world.Cooperation is becoming one of the most ways for people living in thedevelopingsociety. As a saying“ One tree do

34、esnt make a” At the samegoesforest.time,welear to examinehelpshould nourabilitiesbecause itsus know about our advantagesas well as ,acontrourselvesThen we may beand disadvantagesgetfullolof-confidentenough to faceFollowsuggestionour dreamssurechallenges.thesabove,andaretocome true.-1.把(1)處的句子改成復(fù)合句2.

35、把(2)處的句子改成并列句。3.把處的句子譯成漢語。4.把處的句子譯成英語。5.寫出文章的標(biāo)題Passage 3 (2014江蘇東臺)Now students English handwriting gets worse and worse. That makes theirteachers feel worried.are fourIs your Englishhandwriting beautiful?not,heresteps that really work!Use paper that has linesUsing paper thathas linescan keep you wr

36、itingstraight whenyou writeEnglishwords or sentences. Those lines on the paper can helpyou to write words inthe rightsize. Be sure to fill the lined space completely. And make sure those capitalletters（ 大寫字母 ）are written properly.Slow downIf your writing is hard to read,try slowing down a little. Fo

37、r some kids,goingslower makes the handwriting clear. If you write too fast,itshard foryou to stopwhere you should,and even worse,you may make more mistakes.Hold your pencil rightWhen you hold your pencil the correct way,writing is much easier. Some kidspress（ 按, 壓）down reallyhard when they write.Tha

38、t makes thehandwritingnot nice.Try to relax yourself and dont hold the pencil so hard. Let your writing appearnice and clean. If you do so,people will guess you are a studentDraw more picturesDrawing can improve your handwriting. skillsto controlpencil better when you are drawing pictures.at school,

39、you can practice by yourself at home.with a good habit.You need to use theyourEven though you have no chance to drawHandwriting is very important. Imagine you are a world-famous movie star or awell-known sports player,what do you do when your fansrun up to you? Give them yourautographs（ 親筆簽名 ）,of co

40、urse!閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成表格中所缺信息，每空一詞。Four 1 to make your handwriting paperthat has lines can stop you from writing up oror sentences. Be sure to fillthe linedthose capitalbeautiful Use paper 2 lines Using3 when you write English wordsspace completely. And make sureletters are writtenSlow downTry slowing

41、 down a little. If you write too fast,itsyou should,and you may make morehard for you to stopwhere6 your pencil right. When you hold your pencil the correct way,writing is much 一7.Tryto be一8 and dont hold the pencil so hard.Draw more pictureshome.Passage 4 (2013 廣東)reading is my favorite hobby.I lik

42、e reading for three reasons. First of all,books introduce me to a newback to ancient Egypt. I can also go to the United States,a greatland I have been longing to visit.people by reading about their ideas on science,politics,life and society.spend some time reading books,newspapers and magazines. At

43、night,IWhile 9 pictures,you need to use the skills better.tocontrolyour pencilEven though you have no chance to draw atschool,youcan practice 10atF 面是一篇關(guān)于個人愛好的文章。請仔細(xì)閱讀,然后根據(jù)信息卡內(nèi)容的要求填入相關(guān)信息。I have many hobbies,suchand watchingas reading,skating,playingTV. Buttennisworld,which is colorful and withouttim

44、e and space limit.Through reading,Ican gopast few years,ISecondly,reading can improve myself by showing me a new horizon(have got most of my knowledge from books.見識I have learned).In thefrom manyThirdly,reading can bridge the gap(差距)between my dream and my goal.In orderto succeed in my career(事業(yè) )in

45、 the future,I must keep reading,thinking andpracticing.Reading has become a part of my life. During the day,lardly go to sleep without a novel in my hand.Information CardWhat other hobbies does the writer have besides reading?Three reasons why the writer likes readingcan hWhat to read?Passage 5 (201

46、3江蘇連云港)(5)Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife,a nurse,ln1982 they (A) the Philippines,with a group of volunteers to help children who had problems with their faces.These children had holes in their lips or inside their mouths. It was very (B)d iff icult for these children to eat.The

47、y helped many children in the Philippines,but they were sad,because (C)他們沒有足夠的錢tochildren- a charitysohelpall the.They decided tostart thatthey could help them. They called OperationSmile.Smilechildrenthan developingNow Operation helps(D)moretwenty countriesandhas cured about ten thousandchildren.ha

48、s won many prizesOperation Smileforitsactivitwas“ Thework and in 1999,anotherspecialystarted,whichwas called WorldJourney of Hope ”thi activity,mothan five thousandDuringsrechildrenwith holesin their faces and lips were cured in eighteen different countries around theworld.Operation Smile also train

49、s doctors in developing countries so thatthey cancontinue to help childrenthe Operation Smile team has lefteven (E)thecountry. Children with serious problems are brought to the USAfor treatment(治ofaas much asMany療).(F)All this costs lot,so please give possible.thanksfromthe children who cansmile._1.

50、在(A)和(E)空白處分別填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。AE2.分別寫出畫線部分(B) 和(D)處的同義詞或近義詞。BD3.將畫線部分(C)處翻譯成漢語。-C4.將畫線部分(F)處改寫為同義句。All of this.5.找出能說明本文的中心大意的主題短語：Passage 6 （2013 江蘇連云港二模）Do you find enough time for laughing? Im not asking if you experience lots ofgood times. Of course,we should laugh during the happy times. But do you also

51、laughduring the difficulttimes?known herbooks. But she wrote one about a moreErma Bombeck is forfunnyserioussubject-cancer（癌癥）in children. The book is titledWANTED TO GROW HAIR,IWANTwitmanywho haveand learnsTO GROWUP. Erma talks hchildrencancerimportantlessonscance survivors 幸存者）know howfrom them. S

52、he learns,for example,that r（theyshouldsmile at life,though they are receiving chemotherapy（化療）.She tells about the experience of 15-year-old Jessica. Jessicas legwas cutoff at the knee because of cancer. She was learning to wear a prosthesis（ Jessica told about playingsoccer. She hit the ball hard

53、with her foot. The ball方向）while her man-made leg flew another way. Then thebrave girl lay on the floor,laughinghappily.As the saying goes（正如諺語所說 ）,“ TheresDo you find plenty of time to laugh?You canthSurvivors - know how toe difficult times. laugh.If you can laugh even when youretrouble,yowhole worl

54、d laugh with you.in uwill make it. Remember,laugh and theCry andyou cry alone!任務(wù)一根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題1. When do we usually laugh,during the happy times or during the difficult times?2. What important lessons does Erma learn from many children?任務(wù)二選擇最佳答案3. Why was Jessicas leg cut off at the knee? Because假肢）.fl

55、ew off in onedirection（to cry and a time atime tolaugh.if you find reasons tolaugh duringA. she has cancerB. she wrote a book.C. she has troubleD. she flew another way4. What do survivors know to do during the different times? TheyA. know why to laughB. know how to cryC. know how to laughD. know when to cry任務(wù)三把短文中的黑體字部分翻譯成漢語：5.:參考答案與解析Passage 1【主旨大意】本文主要介紹一個人的眼睛盯著某人超過十秒鐘的話，對方就會感覺不舒服，甚至?xí)X得沒有禮貌。如果盯著一個女性，他的目的是很明顯的。1.