高中英語新人教版選擇性必修一Unit5 Reading and language

1、Section AReading and ThinkingSection BLearning about Language 【語篇解讀】為了使首都更加綠色,巴黎市在2016年推出了“巴黎種植”項(xiàng)目,該項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃在2020年之前用植被覆蓋屋頂和墻壁。三分之一的空間將用于城市農(nóng)業(yè)。The Worlds Largest Rooftop Urban FarmUrban farming is just one of the new agricultural models that will help feed a hungry and growing world.Using rooftops,indoor

2、 spaces,and community gardens,urban farming has become a global movement to produce sustainable(可持續(xù)的) food for people in need.Paris is just one large city that has rooftop farms.In an effort to make the city greener,in 2016 the city launched Parisculteurs,a project which plans to cover the rooftops

3、and walls with vegetation by 2020.One-third of the space is to be used for urban farming.Now,the worlds largest urban farm150,000 square feetis under construction in the south-west of the city on the roof of the Paris Expo Porte de Versailles,a huge entertainment complex(建筑群) that is being renovated

4、(翻新).The plan is to grow more than 30 different species of organic fruits and vegetables according to The Guardian. The garden is expected to harvest nearly 1,000 KG of produce every day in season.With the use of hydroponics(水培) and soil-free growing,the farm is expected to have a very small carbon

5、footprint.The farm will have its own on-site restaurant and bar with a capacity of around 300 people.Run by Paris famous chain of rooftop venues,Le Perchoir,will feature the produce grown on the farm.The farm will also offer educational tours,team building workshops,and will host special events.Acco

6、rding to The Guardian,residents will be able to lease(租用) their own small wooden crate vegetable plots to grow their own food.Paris is not the only city to have large scale urban farms.In New York City,Brooklyn Grange is one of the worlds largest urban farms.The farm opened in 2010 and consists of 6

7、5,000 square feet of the rooftop of a large warehouse.Although it produces thousands of pounds of produce a year,this is a very small amount compared to what is being built in Paris.詞海拾貝launch vt.發(fā)起construction n.建設(shè)entertainment n.娛樂harvest vt.收獲capacity n.容量compare vt.比較典句欣賞In an effort to make the

8、 city greener,in 2016 the city launched Parisculteurs,a project which plans to cover the rooftops and walls with vegetation by 2020.譯文:為了使城市更加綠色,巴黎市在2016年推出了“巴黎種植”項(xiàng)目,該項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃在2020年之前用植被覆蓋屋頂和墻壁。分析:in an effort to make the city greener是介詞短語作目的狀語,Parisculteurs是句子的賓語,a project.是賓語的同位語,which引導(dǎo)的是定語從句。理解誘思1.W

9、hy did Paris launch the project Parisculteurs?2.What do you think of the project in Paris?答案:1.To make the French capitalParis greener.2.It not only makes the city greener,but also provides some farming experiences for the citizens.知識(shí)體系圖解 devoteshortagetacklecrisisboostconvincecharacteristicattainco

10、nventionalassumptionintenseovercomeexpandoutputestimatedomesticconsumptioncomprisegenerateleisuresoilcelebritygrainvisionrealitysalty把用于;獻(xiàn)身;致力;專心包括;包含;由組成(或構(gòu)成)在內(nèi)心深處;本質(zhì)上;實(shí)際上作為而著名依靠幾乎不關(guān)心國內(nèi)外夢想出;虛構(gòu)出除了被用來做.釋義匹配1.shortage A.to have as parts or members,or to be those parts or members2.convinceB.a situation

11、 in which there is not enough of something that people need3.overcomeC.to guess the cost,size,value,etc.of something4.estimateD.to defeat or succeed in controlling or dealing with priseE.to make someone feel certain that something is true答案:1.B2.E3.D4.C5.A.閱讀導(dǎo)學(xué)根據(jù)pp5051課文內(nèi)容,選擇正確答案。1.Why does Yuan Lon

12、gping think himself as a farmer?A.His body is slim and strong.B.He farms the land in his research.C.He was born in a farmers family.D.He always learns from farmers.2.What is the main idea of the second paragraph?A.Yuans decision to be a farmer.B.Yuans decision to study agriculture.C.Yuans parents ar

13、rangement for him.D.The shortage of food in the country.答案:B答案:B3.What was Yuans solution to food shortage?A.To expand farmers fields.B.To give the fields more water.C.To add more fertilizer to the fields.D.To create hybrid rice.4.What impresses people most about Yuan Longping?A.His ongoing ability

14、to fulfill his dreams.B.The output of his hybrid rice.C.His donations to agricultural research.D.His creation of “seawater rice”.答案:D答案:A重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)1.devote vt.把獻(xiàn)(給);把專用于;專心于【教材原句】Indeed,his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,to whom he has devoted his life.確實(shí),他瘦削

15、但結(jié)實(shí)的身軀看起來和他為之奉獻(xiàn)了一生的千千萬萬的中國農(nóng)民一樣。【詞匯精講】devote vt.把獻(xiàn)(給);把專用于;專心于He thinks we should not devote any more time to this issue.他認(rèn)為我們不應(yīng)該再在這個(gè)問題上多花時(shí)間了。These artists devoted all their life to art.這些藝術(shù)家把終生獻(xiàn)給了藝術(shù)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】They devoted themselves to doing the scientific research job.他們把自己獻(xiàn)身于科學(xué)研究工作。Hes dev

16、oted most of his time to his painting.他把大部分時(shí)間都花在了作畫上。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)2.convince vt.使相信;使確信;說服【教材原句】Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.袁確信,在雜交水稻的研制中可以找到答案?！驹~匯精講】convince vt.使相信;使確信;說服Your argument is too weak to convince me.你的論點(diǎn)太薄弱了,說服

17、不了我。I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself,not with me.我努力說服自己麻煩是問題本身所引起的,而不是我自身(的麻煩)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】I soon convinced him of my innocence.我很快便讓他相信了我是清白的。We will try to convince her to stay.我們要盡力說服她留下來。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)3.attain vt.(通常經(jīng)過努力)獲得;得到【教材原句】One char

18、acteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.雜交水稻的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是它們通常比傳統(tǒng)作物獲得更高的產(chǎn)量?！驹~匯精講】attain vt.(通常經(jīng)過努力)獲得;得到After his graduation he returned and attained the degree of civil engineering.畢業(yè)后,他再回校攻讀,獲得了土木工程學(xué)學(xué)位。The old man attained great reverence from the young men

19、.這位老人在年輕人當(dāng)中享有極高威望。He has attained the highest grade in his music exams.他在音樂考試中獲得最高分。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)4.overcome vt.克服解決;戰(zhàn)勝【教材原句】Through intense effort,Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.通過努力,袁隆平克服了巨大的技術(shù)困難,在1974

20、年研制出第一種可用于農(nóng)業(yè)的雜交水稻。【詞匯精講】overcome vt.克服解決;戰(zhàn)勝M(fèi)olly had fought and overcome her fear of flying.莫莉已經(jīng)努力克服了對(duì)飛行的恐懼。We overcame many unforeseen difficulties.我們克服了許多沒有料到的困難。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)5.expand vt.& vi.擴(kuò)大;增加vt.擴(kuò)展;發(fā)展(業(yè)務(wù))【教材原句】This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.這種雜交水稻使農(nóng)民

21、大大增加了產(chǎn)量?！驹~匯精講】expand vt.& vi.擴(kuò)大;增加vt.擴(kuò)展;發(fā)展(業(yè)務(wù))Metals expand when they are heated.金屬受熱會(huì)膨脹。The new system expanded the role of family doctors.新體制擴(kuò)大了家庭醫(yī)生的作用。Weve expanded the business by opening two more stores.我們?cè)鲩_了兩個(gè)商店以擴(kuò)展業(yè)務(wù)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】We have plans to expand into the U.S.market.我們有進(jìn)入美國市場的計(jì)

22、劃。All the details are in the book,so I need not expand on it.所有的細(xì)節(jié)都在書上呢,我無須詳述。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)6.estimate vt.估計(jì);估價(jià);估算n.估計(jì);估算comprise vt.包括;包含;由組成【教材原句】Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains.據(jù)估

23、算,現(xiàn)在中國國內(nèi)消費(fèi)的稻米有大約60%來自袁隆平的雜交水稻品種形成的作物【詞匯精講1】estimate vt.估計(jì);估價(jià);估算n.估計(jì);估算He estimated the speed of the winds from the degree of damage.他根據(jù)破壞的程度估算風(fēng)速。It is not easy to estimate how many people will come.很難估計(jì)多少人會(huì)來。I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of money you will need.我可以粗略地估計(jì)一下你所需要的錢。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)

24、句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old.這棵樹估計(jì)至少700年了。It is estimated that the meeting will last four days.這次會(huì)議預(yù)計(jì)要開4天。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯精講2】comprise vt.包括;包含;由組成The house comprises two bedrooms,a kitchen,and a living room.這所房子包括兩間臥室、一間廚房和一間客廳。Girl students comprise 60%

25、 of the class.女生占班級(jí)的60%?！驹~匯拓展】be comprised of包括;包含;由組成(或構(gòu)成)The class is comprised mainly of Italian and French students.該班主要由意大利和法國學(xué)生組成。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)1.Yuan Longping,known as the “father of hybrid rice”,is one of Chinas most famous scientists.袁隆平,被稱為雜交水稻之父,是中國最著名的科學(xué)家之一?！揪涫狡饰觥縦nown as意為“作為而

26、著名”,是過去分詞短語,在句中作定語,修飾主語Yuan Longping。過去分詞作定語時(shí)和所修飾的詞有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。The new product finally passed the required test.新產(chǎn)品終于通過了要求的測試。There are many beautifully decorated houses in this rich area.這個(gè)富人區(qū)有許多裝飾精美的房子。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)【句式拓展】過去分詞作定語時(shí)相當(dāng)于定語從句。The meeting held yesterday is of great importance.=The meeting w

27、hich was held yesterday is of great importance.昨天舉行的會(huì)議非常重要。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)2.Given that Yuans hybrids have made him quite wealthy,one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.考慮到雜交水稻使袁隆平變得相當(dāng)富有,人們可能認(rèn)為他會(huì)退休享受閑適的生活。【句式剖析】given可作介詞,表示“只要是;考慮到;假定;已知”等意思。“given + that從句意思是“考慮到”,

28、相當(dāng)于considering。Given his background,its no surprise that he can do this.考慮到他的背景,他能做這件事情就不令人吃驚了。Given that he can get another chance,he will surely succeed.假定他能得到另一次機(jī)會(huì),他肯定會(huì)成功。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí).課文語法填空Known as the “father of hybrid rice”,Yuan Longping considers 1. (him) a farmer because he conti

29、nually works the land in his research.He looks like 2. (million) of Chinese farmers,for 3. he has struggled for years.himselfmillionswhom重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)Born in 1930 in Beijing,Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.After 4. (graduate),he worked as a researcher.He realised that la

30、rger fields were not the solution 5. food shortage.Instead,farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had.Through intense effort,Yuan got over enormous technical 6. (difficulty) and developed the first hybrid rice in 1974,which enabled farmers 7. (expand) their output greatly.Yuans rice has h

31、elped feed not just China,but many other countries that depend on rice as well.Yuan Longping cares little for wealth and fame.Instead,he 8. (make) large donations to support agricultural research.9. impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability 10. (realize) his dreams.Despite his

32、 advanced years,Yuan Longping is still young at heart and full of vision,and everyone is waiting to see what he will dream up next.graduating/graduationtodifficultiesto expandmakesWhatto realize重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí).概要寫作(根據(jù)教材語篇內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要)參考范文Born in 1930,Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural Col

33、lege in 1953.(要點(diǎn)1) After graduating,he worked as a researcher and tried to work out a solution to food shortage.(要點(diǎn)2)Through great efforts,he created the first hybrid rice in 1974,which enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.(要點(diǎn)3)Yuans rice has helped feed not just China,but many other count

34、ries.(要點(diǎn)4) Though he is known as the “father of hybrid rice”,he cares little for wealth and fame.(要點(diǎn)5)Discover useful structures: Subject clauses在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語成分的從句叫做主語從句。Discover useful structures: Subject clausesWhat Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity.That Yuan Longping had rea

35、lised his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole worldIts surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realised his dream of developing seawarer rice.Discover useful structures: Subject clauses主語從句，即在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語成分的句子.That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all

36、.他在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)寫完作文讓我們都很驚訝此復(fù)合句主要描述的是某事讓我們驚訝，某事就是該復(fù)合句的主語，因此“That he finished writing the composition in such a short time”便是該復(fù)合句的主語從句。引導(dǎo)主語從句的連詞主要有：從屬連詞：that whether連接代詞：who whoever whom whose what whatever which whichever連接副詞：when where how why whenever wherever however引導(dǎo)詞+主語+動(dòng)詞=主語從句試翻譯:我們明天是否會(huì)去郊游仍舊未知。 tom

37、orrow remains unknown.Whetherwewill go for an outingDiscover useful structures: Subject clauses主語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響和限制,主語從句常作單數(shù)。（1）Who will be our monitor hasnt been decided yet. 誰當(dāng)我們的班長尚未決定。（2）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance. “我們?yōu)檎l而學(xué)習(xí)”是個(gè)很重要的問題。（3）What caused the accident remain

38、s unknown. 事故的起因是未知的。（4）Whatever you did is right. 你做的任何事都是正確的。（5）Whom the watch belongs to is unknown. 手表的歸屬是未知的。（6）What we need is time. 我們需要的是時(shí)間。（7）What we need are good doctors. 我們需要的是好的醫(yī)生。Discover useful structures: Subject clauses歸納總結(jié)：主語從句必須有引導(dǎo)詞；主語從句用陳述句語氣。連詞位于句首不能省略主語從句大多數(shù)情況下視為第三人稱單數(shù)，但也有例外.主語

39、從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇主要是根據(jù)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義來選擇。 如果從句的意義和結(jié)構(gòu)完整，則用that。 如果從句的意義和結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，則根據(jù)從句的意義和結(jié)構(gòu)選擇相應(yīng)的引導(dǎo)詞。練一練：用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空_ bag it is cannot be told._ India needs is a law to make land ownership fairer.It is not yet decided _ cash crop will be produced next year._ he said was right.WhoseWhatWhat/Whateverwhich/whatDiscover usefu

40、l structures: Subject clauses比較that / what1. _ he wants is a book. 主語從句 2. _ he wants to go there is obvious. 主語從句 3. _ happened is not clear. 主語從句4. This is the best TV_ is made in China. 定語從句5. The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum. 定語從句that 和what 的選用：that 和 what 都可引導(dǎo)主語從句。但

41、是，what除起連接作用外，還在主語從句中充當(dāng)成分，可做從句的主語、賓語、或表語，相當(dāng)于the thing(s) that；而that在主語從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用。WhatThatWhatthatthatDiscover useful structures: Subject clauses為了使句子保持平衡，常用it來代替主語從句，而把主語從句放到后面，尤其是連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句常用于此種句式中。常用句型如下：It+ be +名詞+ that 從句It+ be + 形容詞+ that從句It+ be + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+ that從句It + 不及物動(dòng)詞+ that從句Dis

42、cover useful structures: Subject clauses1. Its likely/possible/important/necessary/clear that 很可能/重要的是 /必要的是/很清楚2. Its known/reported/ thought/said that 據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道3. It seems/appears/happens that 顯然、明顯、碰巧.4. Its been announced/declared that 已經(jīng)通知/宣布5. Its no wonder that難怪/無疑6. Its a pity/a fact /a common

43、 knowledge (眾所周知） / a common saying（俗話說）thatDiscover useful structures: Subject clauses翻譯練習(xí)1. 他多長時(shí)間去看望奶奶取決于他能抽出多少時(shí)間。2. 那一年有多少人死于饑餓永遠(yuǎn)也不為人知了。3. 所有人都知道火藥最初是由中國人發(fā)明的。4. 造成事故的原因仍舊是個(gè)秘密。 How often hell go to see his grandmother depends on the time he can spare. How many people died from starvation that year

44、 will never be known. It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. It is still a mystery what caused the accident.Discover useful structures: Subject clauses下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)改正并分析原因。1. Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge.改：在Light前加That。that雖無詞義但引導(dǎo)主語從句位于句首時(shí)不能省略

45、。2. If shes coming or not doesnt matter much.改：將If變?yōu)閃hether。if, whether都可表示“是否”, 但if不能引導(dǎo)位于主句之前的主語從句，它可以引導(dǎo)位于主句之后帶有形式主語it的主語從句。3. That the professor said is of great importance.改：將That改為What。that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)無詞義，只起一個(gè)連接的作用。What the professor said表示“教授所說的”，said后面還需要一個(gè)賓語，就只能用what。Discover useful structures: Su

46、bject clauses下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)改正并分析原因。4. Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.改：將will置于trees之后。主語從句要用陳述句語序。5. No matter who breaks the rule will be punished.改：將No matter who變?yōu)閃hoever。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)二者可互換，但引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)只能用whoever。6. When and where the meeting will be held still remain a question.改：將r

47、emain變?yōu)閞emains。主語從句表示單一概念時(shí)，謂語要用單數(shù)形式。Discover useful structures: Subject clausesDiscover useful structures: Subject clausesTranslate the completed sentences into Chinese.1. 這些小麥農(nóng)場主什么時(shí)候加入這個(gè)試驗(yàn)仍然是一個(gè)懸而未決的問題。2. 我們?nèi)绾尾拍苷业揭粋€(gè)適合的解決辦法來生產(chǎn)足夠的糧食同時(shí)保持環(huán)境安全是我們 要研究的一個(gè)重要主題。3. 令人多人擔(dān)憂的是這些化學(xué)藥品甚至能導(dǎo)致癌癥。4. 這些蔬菜甚至能通過這種新技術(shù)無土種植，

48、令我們所有人都很吃驚。5. 生活方式慢節(jié)奏而且健康是很多人更愿意住在鄉(xiāng)下而不是城里的原因。Discover useful structures: Subject clauses12431. the fact that the vegetables look beautiful on the outside 2. the thing that she is unhappy about 3. the way that they are going to spend their retirement 4. the question whether they can live a healthy li

49、fe Discover useful structures: Subject clausesWhat I have forgottenisItWhosehas notDiscover useful structures: Subject clausesCombine each pair of sentences using the word in brackets.1. Can we control pests without causing any ill effects? This still remains a question. (Whether)2. Agriculture is t

50、he foundation of our country. This is well known. (It)3. Some less-developed countries are suffering frood shortage. It is a serious problem in the world.(That)Whether we can control pests without causing any ill effects still remains a question.Its well known that agriculture is the foundation of our country.That some less-developed countries are suffering frood shortage is a serious problem in the world. Discover useful structures: Subject clausesCombine each pair of sentences using the word in brackets.4. Some herdsmen in Inner Mongolia fix elecronic snesors to their