人教版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)第十三單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)及檢測(cè)

1、人教版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)第十三單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)及檢測(cè)詞匯過(guò)關(guān)1.v. 亂扔 n. 垃圾；廢棄物 2. n. 底部；最下部 3.n. 漁民；釣魚(yú)的人 4. n. 煤；煤塊 5.adj. 公眾的；公共的 n. 民眾；百姓 6.adj. 丑陋的；難看的 7.n. 優(yōu)點(diǎn)；有利條件 8. v. 花費(fèi)n. 花費(fèi)；價(jià)錢(qián) 9.adj. 木制的；木頭的 10.adj. 塑料的n. 塑料；塑膠 11. 有關(guān)系，作用，影響 12. n. 鯊魚(yú) 13. n（.魚(yú)）鰭 14.（短語(yǔ)） 割掉；砍掉 15. n. 方法；措施 16. adj. 殘酷的；殘忍的 17. adj. 有害的 18. n. 鏈子；鏈條 19. n. 生態(tài)系統(tǒng) 2

2、0.adj（.數(shù)量等）減少的；低的；矮的 21. n. 工業(yè)；行業(yè) 22. n. 法律；法規(guī) 23. adj.可重復(fù)使用的；可再次使用的 24. v. 承擔(dān)得起（后果）；買(mǎi)得起 25. n. 運(yùn)輸業(yè)；交通運(yùn) 26. v. 回收利用；再利用 27. n. 餐巾；餐巾紙 28.(短語(yǔ)）顛倒；倒轉(zhuǎn) 29.n. 大門(mén) 30.n. 瓶；瓶子 31.n. 負(fù)責(zé)人；主席；總統(tǒng) 32. n. 靈感； 鼓舞人心的人（或事物 33.n. 金屬 34.n. 創(chuàng)造力；獨(dú)創(chuàng)性 一本單元語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)：（1） 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）含義：表示正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。（2）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + be + 現(xiàn)在分詞（be 的形式隨主語(yǔ)的變化

3、而變化）（3）基本用法：表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。特征：常常與now或具體的時(shí)間連用，有時(shí)句中會(huì)有感官動(dòng)詞來(lái)提示，或通過(guò)上下文來(lái)暗示。表示現(xiàn)階段一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞常常是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常于at present, this week, these days等連用。表示主語(yǔ)的特征、性格、能力等(2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（1）含義：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在還有影響。（2）基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + have / has + 過(guò)去分詞（3）基本用法：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，但強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響。特征：不能與表示具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能繼續(xù)下去。常常與since, for, i

4、n the past + 時(shí)間名詞，in the last +時(shí)間名詞等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要求是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。表示一種“經(jīng)歷或體驗(yàn)”，即可以表示經(jīng)歷過(guò)也可以是從來(lái)都沒(méi)有經(jīng)歷過(guò)。(3)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 歸納如下（三種紅色要求熟練掌握，其余為了解）（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am / is / are + 過(guò)去分詞（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)式： have / has + been + 過(guò)去分詞（3）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：am/ is/ are + being + 過(guò)去分詞（4）一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：was / were + 過(guò)去分詞（5）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：was / were + being + 過(guò)去分詞

5、（6）過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：had + been + 過(guò)去分詞（7）一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)式：will / be going to be+ 過(guò)去分詞（8）含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)式：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。(4)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，如認(rèn)為“可能”、“應(yīng)當(dāng)”、“必要”等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有一定的意義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，也沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。后面一般跟動(dòng)詞原形。Ø (5)used to 結(jié)構(gòu)used to意為“過(guò)去常常做某事”，指的是過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，目的在于與現(xiàn)在形成對(duì)照。used to是個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其中的to是不定式符號(hào)，后面跟動(dòng)詞原形。在美式英語(yǔ)中。它的疑問(wèn)式

6、是：Did 主語(yǔ)use to do sth？否定式是：主語(yǔ)didn't use。在英式英語(yǔ)中，它的疑問(wèn)式應(yīng)當(dāng)是：Used 主語(yǔ)to sth？否定式應(yīng)當(dāng)是used not to或use（d）n't to。Ø He used to stay up late. 他過(guò)去常熬到很晚。Ø used to 結(jié)構(gòu) used to意為“過(guò)去常常做某事”，指的是過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，目的在于與現(xiàn)在形成對(duì)照。used to是個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其中的to是不定式符號(hào)，后面跟動(dòng)詞原形。在美式英語(yǔ)中(掌握) 它的疑問(wèn)式是：Did 主語(yǔ)use to do sth否定式是：主語(yǔ)didn't

7、use在英式英語(yǔ)中（了解）它的疑問(wèn)式應(yīng)當(dāng)是：Used 主語(yǔ)to sth 否定式應(yīng)當(dāng)是used not to.二Language points1. harmful 形容詞，意為“有害的”。常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)be harmful to “對(duì)有害的”。Staying up often is harmful to your health. 經(jīng)常熬夜對(duì)你的健康有害?！就卣埂縣arm 名詞，意為“害處”。常用構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)do harm to “對(duì)有害”，相當(dāng)于be harmful to. Too much smoking does harm to his health. = Too much smoking is h

8、armful to his health. 吸煙過(guò)多對(duì)他的健康有害。2. 辨析：join, join in 和take part in join加入組織，團(tuán)體，黨派等，有作為其中的一個(gè)成員的含義;后面也可以加表示人的名詞，表示和某人一起參加某活動(dòng)join in 加入一種具體活動(dòng)。take aprt in指參加會(huì)議或群眾性活動(dòng)等，著重說(shuō)明句子主語(yǔ)參加該項(xiàng)活動(dòng)并在活動(dòng)中發(fā)揮作用。例如：Will you join us in the discussion? 你參加我們的討論嗎？ She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先隊(duì)。 Why didn't you jo

9、in in the talk last night? 昨晚你為什么沒(méi)參加座談？Did you take part in the sports meet? 你參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)了嗎？3. afford的用法 afford是動(dòng)詞，意為“買(mǎi)得起,擔(dān)負(fù)得起”，通常與can, could, be able to連用,多用于否定句中。 They couldnt afford $50 for a ticket. 他們拿不出50美元買(mǎi)一張票。 afford后面常跟帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。 We cant afford to go abroad this summer. 今年夏天我們沒(méi)有足夠的錢(qián)出國(guó)。4. Not only

10、 but also意為 “不但而且”遵循一下三個(gè)原則(a)并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)并列成分，其中also可以省略。(b) 主謂一致原則：not onlybut also.連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上要與but also 的主語(yǔ)保持一致。c) 倒裝原則：not onlybut also連接兩個(gè)并列分句時(shí)， not only 置于句首，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，其引導(dǎo)的句子要用部分倒裝，即將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一部分(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞等)放在句子的前面，而but also后的句子用正常語(yǔ)序。 Not only he but also I am interested in pop music. Not only do I

11、feel good about helping people, but also I get to spend time doing what I love to do.5. 辨析：need to be done; need doing與need to do need doing=need to be done "需要被"現(xiàn)在 分詞doing表被動(dòng)“需要被做”，相當(dāng)于need to be done。 My watch needs repairing. =My watch needs to be repaired.我的表需要修了。 need后加不定式，證明need為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，

12、而 非情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，這時(shí)need有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 He needs to get up early. 他需要早起檢測(cè)題二、單項(xiàng)填空1.I don't think you've been to Disneyland, _？Ahave you Bhaven't you Cdo you 2.The villager built the bridge _stones last year.Aout of Bout Cto 3. .Waste paper must be _ good use.Aput Bput toCto put 4.Do you know the movie Ha

13、rry Potter? Yes.I_ it twice.It's funny.Asaw Bsee Chave seen 5.More natural protection areas should _ in the future.Aset up Bto set up Cbe set up 6.Do you like playing computer games? No, but I _.Aused to B don't Cdo 7.I have never_ the strange animal before.Aheard from Blistened C heard of8.

14、Miss Liu, when did you come here?In 2012.I_ here for two years.Ahave been to Bhave gone to C. have been9.Lots of food and water_ to Ya'an, Sichuan Province immediately after the earthquake happened.Awere sent Bare sent Csent10.The children were hungry and the salad was quickly_ up.Aeating Bate C

15、eaten 11.Look, so many passengers_ with their smart phones on the underground.Aplayed Bwill play Care playing 12.Great changes_ in Daqing since the 1990s.Atook place Bwere taken place Chave taken place 13.How much does the car_？ Oh, that's not too dear.It's only 100,000 yuan. Aspend Bcost Ct

16、ake 14.Have you_ the school sports meeting? Yes, I have.Atake part Btaken part Ctaken part in 16.John, your room is really in a mess.It needs_.Sorry, Mum.I'll do it at once.Acleaned Bto be cleaned Cto clean 18. He used to _ in the sun, but now he is used to _ at night. A. . reading, reading B. r

17、eading, read C. read, reading 19. Amy Hayes is good at recycling. She is an inspiration to _.A. all us B. all we C. us all 20 . _ down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. A. Cut B. To cut C. Cutting 21. There is _ rubbish and waste. People are throwing away things eve

18、ry day.Atoo much Btoo many Cmuch too 22. The air has become really polluted around here. Yes, I used to _ see stars in the sky. A. can B. be able to C. must 23. My father usually drives to work _ taking a bus. A. instead of B. instead C. because of 24. Not only Jack but I _ proud of my schoolA. is B

19、. am C. are 25. The bike is too expensive. I cant _ to buy it A. effort B. afford C. keep 26.He_ there with his mother _.A. has gone, for two days B. went, in two daysC. went, just now 27. The heavy snow didnt _ the international airlines. A. pay attention to B. add to C. make a difference to 28. He

20、 doesnt do his homework _. So he always makes some mistakes. A.careful enough B.enough careful C.carefully enough 29. I have tried several jackets, but _ of them fits me well. A. all B. neither C. none 30. Look at that sign. Smoking here.A. isnt allowed B. doesnt allow C. arent allowed 31. My father

21、 _ to Beijing on business. He will be back home in ten minutes. A. has been B. has gone C. will go 32. Mr. Green teaches _ computer science. A. we B. us C. our 34. Its said that petrol (石油) _ in less than 100 years. So we should try to walk more instead of driving cars.A. used for B. will be used up

22、 C. used up35. Please the lights when you go out.A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off 36. Do you take exercise every day?Yes. I always _thirty minutes after supper. A. spend B. cost C. take 38. Have you _ a club? Yes, Im in a swimming club and I often _ the swimming training. A. joined; take part inB

23、. joined; join C. taken part in; join 39.Miss Taylor never wastes money on anything too expensive, even though she can _to. She has donated much of the money she saved to charities. A. affordB. allowC. remind 41.Not only _ dance well, but he sings very well.Ahe doesBdoes heC he42.I think simple thin

24、gs like bike _ can help to keep healthy.Aride Briding Cto ride 43.His work really _ in the factory.A a difference Bmakes difference Cmakes different 44.The number of the students in our school _ in the last few years.Ahas fallenBfell Chas fell 45.Could I have a look at your pictures? Yes, of course

25、you_.Acould Bcan Cwill 46._ you _ your homework yet？Yes.I _ it a moment ago.ADid; do; finished BHave; done; have finished CHave; done; finished 47.Food safety is important.Rules_ to protect people from food pollution.Amust make Bmust be madeC can't be made48.Who is the little girl in the picture

26、?It's me.The picture _ 10 years ago.Atook Bwas taken Chas taken 49.According to our plan, a new teaching building _.Awill build Bwill be built Cis built 50.Many old houses around our school will be _ down next year and a large green area will appear. Athrown BpulledC put51.Have you had your brea

27、kfast yet?No.Mom _ it for me now.Awas cookingBis cookingCcooks 52.Miss Lin _ a lot of work for the poor area since 2010.Adoes BdidChas done53.There used _ a small river in front of my house.The water in it was clean.Abe Bto be Cto being 54.How long can I _ the book? For two weeks.Akeep Bborrow Clend

28、 55.The film had _ for ten minutes when I _ to the cinema.Abeen on; got Bbegun; got C been on; get56.It's difficult to get to the other side of the river.I think a bridge _ over the river.Ashould be built Bshould build Cwill build 57.Must we wear our school uniform this afternoon? No, you_.All o

29、f us will go on an outing.Amustn't Bcan't Cneedn't 58.The old man lives in a house _was built out of the stones.Athat BwhatCwhere 59.Song Zuying is known _ a singer.Afor Bas C to60.We _ you to have a good trip.Awish Bhope Cwish with 三(A )的適當(dāng)形式填空（10分）1. Please stop the children from _ (pl

30、ay) football in the street.2. Italy is one of the old _ (city) in Europe.3 There will be much _ (little) than today in the future.4. Dont _ (climb) the trees. Its dangerous, Jim.5. I am scared of _ (go) out alone at night. 6. What about _ (go) swimming.7. They are all _ (interest) in playing basketb

31、all.8. We can take the taxi instead of _ (drive).9. Look in the mirror and smile at _. (you)10 The old man used _ (be) a teacher. 11The room should be _ (clean) every day. 12Look! Tom _ (sleep) in his room. 13Lots of trees _ (plant) on the hill every year. 14 He_ (live) here for 20 years. 15The rice

32、 of oranges is _ (low) than that of those apples.(B)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示完成單詞。1I can't _ (買(mǎi)得起) to buy the car, because I don't have enough money.2We should collect the _ (可重復(fù)使用的) materials in our life.3I don't like to use public _ (交通運(yùn)輸), because it's not convenient for me.4Now the air has become

33、badly _ (污染)，we have to keep it clean.5I have taken part in an _ (環(huán)境的) project since last year.6He had the _ (長(zhǎng)處) of a good education.7My mother gave me two_ (瓶) of milk.(C)選詞并用適當(dāng)形式填空(try, turn ,cause,take, shop ,recycle ,throw,bring,set pull )1Everyone is _ to improve English.2We always save electr

34、icity by _ off the light when we leave the room.3Our head teacher told us we had to make a plan before _ action.4 to protect the environment, it's important for us _ used books and paper.5You had better take your own bags when _6What was the air pollution _ by? 7Have you ever _away things you do

35、n't like to use? 8I have also _ up a website to sell clothes online.9Can the book be _back to my room? 10.Te old buildings _down last week.四閱讀短文，用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文意思通順完整，每個(gè)詞限填一次，有兩個(gè)多余的詞。(A) set off, cut off，cruel， southern，top， swim， harmful，pull， Some people like to eat shark's fin soup, espe

36、cially in (1_China. But getting the shark's fin is very (2_. When people catch sharks, they (3_ their fins and throw the sharks into the ocean. The shark slowly dies because it can't (4_ without the fin. And it is also (5_ to environment. Sharks are at the 6_ of the food chain. If the number

37、 of sharks drops too low, it will break the balance of nature. Please say no to eat the shark fin soup, and take action to save the sharks!(B)方框內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 (but making .unhappy . longer . If ,important . Parents . close . listen . angrily ). Are you the only child in the family? If so, you are the

38、most 1. in your family. 2. are the closest people to you in the world. But a lot of middle school students have a problem. They feel they're not as 3. to their parents as before. They even think their parents are unfair to them.Some students complain that their parents say a lot to them, but nev

39、er 4. to them. Some of them even say it 5. . “My parents don't allow me to play computer games, 6. other classmates are doing that.” Others say, when they're 7. phone calls to friends, their parents like to ask if they're speaking to a boy or a girl. These make them very 8. . Some studen

40、ts even decide to leave home. But they don't know running away may bring them some more problems. Show your parents you're growing up Then they'll feel you're no 9. a small child.10. you follow the advice, you'll have a happy life and never think of running away.五翻譯下劃線句子1.污染問(wèn)題正變得

41、愈來(lái)愈嚴(yán)重。One of them is called “white pollutions” caused by plastic, such as shopping bags, boxes and cups. 2.In China, about three billion plastic shopping bags are used every day, which results in a great waste of resources(資源) and heavy environment pollution. 3.Luckily, the government has stopped us

42、 from using free plastic bags, telling all stores and supermarket not to provide customers(顧客) with free plastic bags since June 1,2008. From then on, people have been supposed to use cloth bags and shopping baskets instead of plastic bags in order to protect our environment.4.如今，越來(lái)越多的人意識(shí)到使用布袋子和購(gòu)物籃的

43、重要性。5.For one thing it can protect our environment, for another it can also save energy. Yet we have more things to do to solve the problem of “white pollution”!六寫(xiě)作演練】1.人類(lèi)共同的家園地球是每個(gè)人的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。我們?cè)谏钪械狞c(diǎn)滴小事上也能做出自己的貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容，談一談曾經(jīng)為保護(hù)環(huán)境做過(guò)哪些努力，將來(lái)還打算如何去做。要求： 1. 詞數(shù)不少于50詞； 2. 開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 3. 意思連貫，條理清晰，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。turn off the lights when you leave a roomturn off the shower while washing hairst