unit3 人稱代詞及it的用法

1、代詞及it的用法一一. .人稱代詞人稱代詞四四. .指示代詞指示代詞二二. .物主代詞物主代詞五五. .不定代詞不定代詞三三. .反身代詞反身代詞六六. .疑問代詞疑問代詞七七. .連接代詞連接代詞八八. .關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞一一. .人稱代詞人稱代詞第一人稱第一人稱第二人稱第二人稱第三人稱第三人稱 人稱人稱格格數(shù)數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 主格主格賓格賓格主格主格 賓格賓格Iyouhesheitmeyou him her itweyoutheyusyouthem用法口訣：用法口訣： 人稱代詞人稱代詞分兩格，分兩格，主格賓格主格賓格來分說；來分說； 主格主格常放常放句首句首把把主語主語作，作， 賓格賓格

2、常放常放動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞后作作賓賓不會(huì)錯(cuò)。不會(huì)錯(cuò)。 1 1、單數(shù)、單數(shù)你他我你他我，復(fù)數(shù)一二三人稱，道歉，復(fù)數(shù)一二三人稱，道歉我我為先為先. .一一. .人稱代詞人稱代詞1.我、你、他、都我、你、他、都18歲。歲。_2.你們、我們、他們都來自中國。你們、我們、他們都來自中國。 _.You, he and I are 18.We, you and they are from China2 2、在簡短對(duì)話中，當(dāng)人稱代詞單獨(dú)使用或在、在簡短對(duì)話中，當(dāng)人稱代詞單獨(dú)使用或在not not 后多用后多用賓格賓格. .作作表語表語，也用，也用賓格賓格。 I like English. _ too. A. I B.

3、 He C. Me1. Who broke the window? Not _. A. I B. he C. her2. Miss Li invited _ have dinner with her . A. me and you B. you and I C. you and me3. Who taught _ English last term? A. them B. their C. they二二. .物主代詞物主代詞my my ourouryour your your your his his her her its its their their mine mine ourours

4、s youryours s youryours s his his herhers s its its theirtheirs s 用法口訣：用法口訣：物主代詞物主代詞兩類型，兩類型，形容詞性、名詞性形容詞性、名詞性。 形容詞性作定語形容詞性作定語，后面定把，后面定把名詞名詞用。用。 名詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞獨(dú)立用，獨(dú)立用，主主.賓賓.表語表語它都充。它都充。 v形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于形容詞,在句中作定語修飾名詞。形容詞性物主代詞+n =名詞性物主代詞 I like my job.v形容詞性物主代詞與own(自己的)連用表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。 This is my own house.v名詞性物主代詞

5、相當(dāng)于名詞，常放在系動(dòng)詞后作表語，結(jié)尾常為-s,不能用于名詞之前。 This is your book. Where is mine？v“of+名詞性物主代詞”構(gòu)成雙重屬格。 A friend of mine will come here next week.二二. .物主代詞物主代詞1. She is a friend of _. A. my B. mine C. I2. This isnt my pen ,it is _. A. her B. his C. him3. Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her ,

6、mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him4. _ school is much bigger than _. A. Our , their B. Ours , theirs C. Our , theirs5. The dog is so poor because _ leg is badly hurt . A. it B. its C. its三三. .反身代詞反身代詞myself ourselves yourself yourselveshimselfthemselvesherself itself 用法口訣：反身代詞表用法口訣：反身

7、代詞表自己自己，句中可作兩成分。，句中可作兩成分。 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)同位語同位語，動(dòng)詞后，動(dòng)詞后賓語賓語回自身?；刈陨?。 2. 2. 反身代詞常見固定搭配反身代詞常見固定搭配 過得愉快過得愉快 自學(xué)自學(xué) 請(qǐng)隨便吃請(qǐng)隨便吃 自言自語自言自語 獨(dú)自獨(dú)自 為自己為自己 不要客氣不要客氣 陶醉沉浸于陶醉沉浸于 自己穿衣服自己穿衣服 照顧自己照顧自己三三. .反身代詞反身代詞 enjoy oneself v learn by / teach oneself v help oneself to sth v say to oneself v by oneself adv for oneself make o

8、neself at home v lose oneself inv dress oneself v look after oneself v The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself 2. - What a lovely card ! Where did you buy it? - I made it by _. A. me B. myself C. itself 3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests. A. yo

9、urself B. yourselves C. yourthis,that,these,thosev時(shí)空的差別 this/these指在時(shí)間或空間上指在時(shí)間或空間上較近較近的的事物或事物或人人,that/those指在時(shí)間或空間上指在時(shí)間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的較遠(yuǎn)的事物或人事物或人. This is a pen and that is a pencil We are busy these days In those days the workers had a hard timev行文敘述上的差別。 this/these指代下文下文要講到的人或事 that/those指代前面前面講到的人或事 I sh

10、all say this to you: he is a poor man. He was ill. Thats why he didnt come.v打電話時(shí)this 表示我,that表示你. Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?四四. .指示代詞指示代詞v疑問代詞有疑問代詞有who(指人,誰)作主語，作主語，whom(作賓語），作賓語），whose（指人，誰的），what(指事，什么)和和which(指人、事均可，哪一個(gè))等等。疑問代詞。疑問代詞用于用于特殊疑問句中，一般都放在特殊疑問句中，一般都放在句首，句首，并在句子中作為并在句子中作為

11、某一句子成分。某一句子成分。vWho is going to come here tomorrow? （作主語）vWhat is that? (作表語)vWhose umbrella is this? (作定語) vWhom are you waiting for? (作賓語)四四. .疑問代詞疑問代詞1.定義：不指明所代替的名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞，定義：不指明所代替的名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞，不定代詞可分為：不定代詞可分為：uevery-,some-,any-,no-和和-one,-body,-thing構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞。詞。usome, any， many, muc

12、h, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either,a few,few,a little,little等等2.不定代詞在使用中的注意點(diǎn)不定代詞在使用中的注意點(diǎn)：u由由every-,some-,any-,no-和和-one,-body,-thing構(gòu)成的復(fù)合構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞通常只看做代詞通常只看做單數(shù)單數(shù)形式，其謂語要用形式，其謂語要用單數(shù)單數(shù)。 Somebody is waiting for you at the school gate.uSomething,anything,nothing和和形容詞形容詞連用時(shí)，形容詞要

13、連用時(shí)，形容詞要放在他們的放在他們的后面后面。 Something important/anything interesting/nothing funnyv some 肯定句肯定句 any 否定句否定句/ 疑問句疑問句/ 條件句條件句vsome 也可以用于疑問句中表示請(qǐng)求、建議，希望得到肯定也可以用于疑問句中表示請(qǐng)求、建議，希望得到肯定答復(fù)。答復(fù)。Would you like _ coffee?somev不定代詞（不定代詞（something ,anyone）+ 形容詞形容詞v當(dāng)當(dāng)some修飾的修飾的可數(shù)名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞是單數(shù)時(shí)，時(shí)，some 表示表示 “某個(gè)某個(gè)” 的的意思。意思。 I

14、have read that in some magazine.vany 用于用于肯定句肯定句中有中有 “任何一個(gè)任何一個(gè)” 解。解。vTom runs faster than any other boy in his class.1. Do you have _ to do this evening? A. important something B. anything important C. something important 2. _ is watching TV . Lets turn it off . A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody3. Wo

15、uld you like _? I can get it for you . A. something else B. anything else C. everything elsev1.antoher 表示表示“又一個(gè)，另一個(gè)，再一個(gè)又一個(gè)，另一個(gè)，再一個(gè)”，泛指眾多中的一個(gè)泛指眾多中的一個(gè)，可，可單獨(dú)使用或接單獨(dú)使用或接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，其，其前面不加定冠詞前面不加定冠詞。 Im still hungry after Ive had this cake. Please give me another. You can see another ship in the sea, ca

16、nt you?v2.antoher用在用在復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示“再，又再，又”，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于more。 If you give me another five minutes,Ill finish the work. v3.the other 表示表示“兩者中的另一個(gè)兩者中的另一個(gè)”，常與，常與one搭配構(gòu)成搭配構(gòu)成“one ., the other .”句型。句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old.v4. “the others”表示表示特指某范圍內(nèi)的特指某范圍內(nèi)的“其他的人

17、或物其他的人或物”。是是復(fù)數(shù)的特指復(fù)數(shù)的特指。the others=the other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.v5.others表示表示“別人，其他人別人，其他人”，是，是復(fù)數(shù)的泛指復(fù)數(shù)的泛指，others=other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) In the park some are playing games. Others are walking near the river. Tom and Mary have arrived, but _ in your class arent he

18、re yet. A. the others B. others C. the other One of the sides of the road should be painted yellow, and_ white. A. the other Banother C. others This pair of trousers is too short. Would you please show me _ one. A. other B. others C. another the other others the other others the others anotherthe ot

19、hers another I have two brothers. _ is a doctor, _ is a soldier. A. One, the other B. One, other C. The one, the other Some of the students are playing on the playground. But wherere _? A. the other B.others C.the others - Is this your sock ? - Yes, it is . Where is _? A. another B. the other one C.

20、 others We got home by 4 oclock ,but _ didnt get back until 8 oclock. A. the other B. others C. the others veach：1)可單獨(dú)使用可單獨(dú)使用，2)可做代可做代名詞、形容詞名詞、形容詞， 3)著重著重“個(gè)別個(gè)別”， 4)用于用于兩者或兩者以上兩者或兩者以上中的每一個(gè)人或物。中的每一個(gè)人或物。vevery：1)不可單獨(dú)使用不可單獨(dú)使用，2)僅作形容詞僅作形容詞， 3)著重著重“全體全體”，毫無例外，毫無例外，4)用于用于三者或三者以上三者或三者以上每一個(gè)人或物。每一個(gè)人或物。v當(dāng)我們說當(dāng)我

21、們說each child, each student或或each teacher時(shí)，我們想到的是時(shí)，我們想到的是一一個(gè)人的情況個(gè)人的情況。而當(dāng)我們說。而當(dāng)我們說every child和和every student時(shí)，我們想到的是時(shí)，我們想到的是全體的情況，全體的情況，every的意思與的意思與all接近，表示他們都如此。接近，表示他們都如此。 Each ball has a different colour. Every child likes playing. = All children like playing.v注意：我們可以用注意：我們可以用each of , 而而不能用不能用 ev

22、ery of v如：如：Each of you can have a rest.vevery other 每隔一每隔一 vevery other day 每隔一天每隔一天 = every two days I gave them _ an apple. A. every B. each C. each of There is a line of trees on _ side of the street. Aevery Beach Cboth She goes shopping _ five days. A. every B. each C. each of 他隔天來這里。他隔天來這里。 He

23、 came here _ day.every other _ of the girls _ him. They asked him for name card. A. Neither; know B. Either; know C. Neither; knows Both of his parents _ teachers. A. is B. are C. was Both of his brothers _ in this hospital, but neither of them _ a doctor. A. works; is B. work; is C. work; areeither

24、 neither botheither neither botheither neither botheither neither both Either Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop. A. know B. knows C. finds Neither you nor I _ a scientist. A. is B. are C. am Both Tom and Mary _ hard. A. studies B. study C. studying The students are all from Foshan . They _ like

25、 their city . A. both B. all C. either Lucy and Lily _ agree with us. A. all B. both C. neither How are your parents ? They are _ fine. A. both B. all C. no I didnt see it, _. A. too B. as well C. either He couldnt open the door. _. A. Neither could I B. So could I C. Neither couldnt I They_ in good

26、 health, and they_ there. A. are both; will both go B. both are; will go both C. are both; both goesHow many people are there in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. Lucy Who is in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. one None of them _ China. A. come from B. is from C. is come fromv當(dāng)前面由當(dāng)前面由only 修飾，常用修飾，常

27、用 a few 或或a little .va little 可表示可表示“有點(diǎn)，稍微有點(diǎn)，稍微” Although all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the exam. A. few B. a few C. a little 2. Dont worry .There is _ time left . A. little B. a little C. few 3. You are so great! _ people in the school can do it . A. A little B. Little C. Few it 可指不知性別的嬰兒或不確指性別的人可指不知性別的嬰兒或不確指性別的人. who is the person over there? It is the headmaster. It 也可用來表示天氣、時(shí)間、距離等。也可用來表示天氣、時(shí)間、距