Module 9 外研版英語九（上）模塊語法詳解與訓練

1、外研版英語九（上）Module 9模塊語法詳解與訓練模塊語法詳解被動語態(tài)（3）一般將來時的被動語態(tài)與含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)一、一般將來時的被動語態(tài)1. 一般將來時的被動語態(tài)有兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+will/shall be+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者). 表示“將會被”。如：Some trees will be planted this spring. 今年春天將要種些樹。Our college will sent her to Oxford University. 我們學院將派她去牛津大學。主語+ be (am/is/are) going to be+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者). 表

2、示“準備/打算被”。如：These trees are going to be cut down. 這些樹將要被砍伐。They are going to invite you to the party. 他們準備邀請你參加這個聚會。2. 一般將來時的被動語態(tài)的各種句式：肯定句形式：主語+will/shall /be (am/is/are) going to+be+done.A new stadium will be put up here. 一個新的體育場將被建在這里。Some old buildings are going to be pulled down. 一些老建筑將會被拆除。否定句形

3、式：主語+will not /shall not/be (am/is/are) not going to + be +done.A new stadium wont be put up here. 一個新的體育場將不會被建在這里。Some old buildings arent going to be pulled down. 一些老建筑將不會被拆除。一般疑問句形式及其簡略回答：Will+主語+be+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者)? Yes, 主語+will/shall. / No, 主語+wont/shant.Will a new stadium be put up here? 一個新的

4、體育場將會被建在這里嗎？Yes, it will. 是的，會。/ No, it wont. 不，不會。Be (am/is/are) +主語+going to+be+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者)? Yes, 主語+be. / No, 主語+be not.Are some old buildings going to be pulled down? 一些老建筑將會被拆除嗎？Yes, they are. 是的，他們會。/ No, they arent. 不，他們不會。特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞+will/shall +主語+be+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者)?What will be p

5、ut up here? 什么將會被建造在這里？特殊疑問詞+be (am/is/are) +主語+going to+be+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者)?What are going to be pulled down? 什么將會被拆除？二、含有情態(tài)動詞(should, may, might, can, could, must)的被動語態(tài)：1. 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的常用結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+情態(tài)動詞+be+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者).The man must be sent to hospital. 這個人必須被送往醫(yī)院。Teenagers should be allowed to go

6、out with their friends. 應該允許青少年和朋友外出。2. 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的各類句式：肯定句形式：主語+情態(tài)動詞+be+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者).Tables can be made of stone. 桌子可以由石頭制造。Waste paper should be thrown here. 廢紙應該扔在這里。否定句形式：主語+情態(tài)動詞+not+be+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者).Tables cant be made of stone. 桌子不可以由石頭制造。Waste paper should not be thrown here. 廢紙不應該扔

7、在這里。一般疑問句形式及其簡略回答：情態(tài)動詞+主語+be+動詞過去分詞(+by+動作執(zhí)行者)? Yes, 主語+情態(tài)動詞. / No, 主語+情態(tài)動詞+not.Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石頭制造嗎？Yes, they can. 是的，他們可以。/ No, they arent. 不，他們不可以。Should waste paper be thrown here? 廢紙應該扔在這里嗎？Yes, it should. 是的，應該。/ No, it shouldnt. 不，不應該。特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞+情態(tài)動詞+主語+ be +動詞過去分詞(+by+動作

8、執(zhí)行者)?What can be made of stone? 什么能用石頭制造？ What should be thrown here? 什么應該扔在這里？三、被動語態(tài)的幾種特殊形式：1. 主動結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動意義feel, look, sound, smell, taste等系動詞的主動語態(tài)表示被動含義。如：This kind of drink tastes strange. 這種飲料嘗起來味道很怪。Our teacher looks younger than she is. 我們老師看起來比實際年齡小。當主語為物時，動詞sell, write, cut, open, lock, read,

9、clean, wash, burn, drive等作不及物動詞時，用主動形式表被動意義，用來表示某物的性質(zhì)、特征。如：The book sells well. 這本書很暢銷。 / This knife cuts well. 這把小刀很鋒利。不及物動詞和某些動詞短語沒有被動語態(tài)。這類的動詞(短語)有happen, take place, break out, last, cost, spread 等。如：An accident happened near here yesterday. 昨天這附近發(fā)生了一起事故。Great changes have taken place in our city

10、 in the past few years. 在過去的幾年時間里，我們城市發(fā)生了很大的變化。不定式在一些形容詞(如easy, difficult, hard, good, impossible, heavy 等)之后，且與主語有動賓關系時，要用主動形式表被動意義。如：This question is easy to answer. 這個問題很容易回答。/ This box is heavy to carry. 這個箱子扛起來很重。sth. need/ want/ require doing相當于sth. need/ want/ require to be done (不定式的被動結(jié)構(gòu))。如：

11、Your room needs cleaning.=Your room needs to be cleaned. 你的房間需要打掃了。be worth doing (值得做) 中的doing表示被動含義。如：The movie is worth watching by everyone. 這部電影值得所有人看一看。2. 不用被動語態(tài)的情況主動句的謂語動詞是系動詞（feel, look, sound, seem, become等）、不及物動詞（happen, take, please, disappear等）、表示狀態(tài)的及物動詞（have, rise, hold等）或某些動詞短語（come tr

12、ue; fall asleep; keep quiet; take place等）時，不能用于被動語態(tài)。如：This was happened in 1989.（錯）This happened in 1989.（對）The trees have been become green.（錯）The trees have become green.（對）主動句的賓語是不定式或動名詞時，不能用作被動語態(tài)的主語。如：My brother enjoys watching TV. 我弟弟喜歡看電視。不能變成：Watching TV is enjoyed by my brother.（誤）He asked t

13、o have a try. 他請求試一試。不能變成：To have a try was asked by him.（誤）主動句的賓語是反身代詞或each other時，不能用作被動語態(tài)的主語。如：The woman introduced herself as Mrs. Li. 那個婦女自我介紹說她是李夫人。不能變成：Herself was introduced herself as Mrs. Li.（誤）They help each other to study English. 他們互相幫助學習英語。不能變成：Each other is helped to study English.（誤）

14、3. 被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別“be+動詞的過去分詞”表示動作時是被動語態(tài)；“be+動詞的過去分詞”表示主語所處的狀態(tài)時是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。含有“by+賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)強調(diào)動作執(zhí)行者，此時為被動語態(tài)。如：The window is broken. 窗戶壞了。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）/ The window is broken by me. 窗戶是我打破的。（被動語態(tài)）句中有地點、頻率或時間狀語時，一般是被動語態(tài)。如：The door was closed. 門是關著的。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）/ The door was closed at 9: 00. 九點鐘關的門。（被動語態(tài)）系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常用介詞搭配，被動語態(tài)中沒有介詞搭配。如

15、：Were worried about the boy. 我們擔心那個男孩。系表結(jié)構(gòu)的過去分詞可以被副詞修飾。如：Im really surprised at the news. 我對這個消息真的感到很驚訝。系表結(jié)構(gòu)通常只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時，而被動語態(tài)可用于多種時態(tài)。四、被動語態(tài)用法總結(jié)：根據(jù)時態(tài)變化的規(guī)則，將一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時和含有情態(tài)動詞的主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)總結(jié)如下（以do為例）：時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時do/doesam/is/are+done一般過去時didwas/were+done一般將來時will/ be(am/is/are) going to d

16、owill/ be(am/is/are) going to+be+done情態(tài)動詞can/could/must docan/could/must+be+done被動語態(tài)的肯定句形式、否定句形式和疑問句形式列表如下（以do為例）：一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般將來時肯定句形式主語+be+done.主語+was/were+done.主語+will/shall+be going to+be+done.否定句形式主語+be+not +done.主+was/were +not+done.主語+will/shall+be not+going to+ be+done.一般疑問句形式Be+主語+done?Was/W

17、ere+主語+done?Will/Shall+主語+be+done?/Be+主語+going to+be+done?特殊疑問句形式特殊疑問詞+be+主語+done?特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+done?特殊疑問詞+will+主語+be +done?/ 特殊疑問詞+be+主語+going to+be +done?模塊語法即學即練一、單項選擇。( ) 1. Hundreds of jobs if the factory closes.A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. have lost( ) 2. computers more than book

18、s in the future?A. Will; use B. Is; used C. Do; use D. Will; be used( ) 3. Dontputofftodaysworkfortomorrow.Imean,todayswork today.A.maydo B.mustdo C.mustbedone D.maybedone( ) 4. - Will the boy for his bad behaviour (行為)? - Of course.A. be punished B. punish C. is punished D. punished( ) 5. We were t

19、old that a new car factory here the next year.A. will set up B. will set be up C. would set up D. be would set up( ) 6. - Must we clean the classroom now? - No, you neednt. It after school.A. may clean B. must clean C. can be cleaned D. need be cleaned( ) 7. The task in an hour. Then we can go home

20、and have a good rest.A. will be finished B. was finished C. has been finished D. cant be finished( ) 8. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, the sports meeting in the playground of our school.A. is holding B. will hold C. will be held D. is to be holding( ) 9. In order to make Dandong more beautiful, more tr

21、ees and flowers every year.A. will plant B. should be planted C. should plant D. must plant( ) 10. I promise that this matter next week.A. will be taken care B. will take care of C. will take care D. will be taken care of( ) 11. - A new park in our hometown next year. - Really? Our hometown must be

22、more beautiful.A. will build B. will be built C. is built D. built( ) 12. An exhibition of paintings at the art museum when he comes back from abroad.A. is going to hold B. is going to be held C. are going to hold D. are going to be held( ) 13. You around our school this afternoon. Now, please have

23、a good rest.A. are shown B. have shown C. will show D. are going to be shown( ) 14. The students on everything they have learnt this year.A. is going to be examining B. are going to examine C. are going to be examined D. is going to be examined( ) 15. - Do you have Jays CDs? - Sorry, they are . But well get some more next week because they .A. sold out; sell well B. sold well; are on sale C. selling well; sell well D. for sale; sell well二、用所給動詞的被動語態(tài)完成句子。1. The sports meeting (hold) next month.2. The earth is our home. It must (protect) well.3. Children should (allow) to ch