英語六大句式與十大從句類型

1、WORD格式一、句型 1： Subject ( 主語 ) Verb ( 謂語 )這種句型中的動(dòng)詞大多是不及物動(dòng)詞，常見的動(dòng)詞如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump,arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如：1)Li Ming works very hard. 李明學(xué)習(xí)很努力。2)The little girl cried even harder.小女孩哭得更厲害了。3)The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午發(fā)生的。二、句型 2：Subject ( 主語 ) Link

2、. V( 系動(dòng)詞 ) Predicate(表語)這種句型主要用來表示主語的特點(diǎn)、身份等。其系動(dòng)詞一般可分為以下兩類：(1) 表示狀態(tài)。這樣的詞有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如：1) This kind of food tastes delicious. 這種食物吃起來很可口。2) He looked worried just now. 剛剛他看上去有些焦急。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式(2) 表示變化。這類系動(dòng)詞有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。如：專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式1) Spring comes. It

3、 is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天氣變得越來越暖專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式和。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式2) The tree has grown much taller than before.這棵樹比以前長得高多了。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式三、句型3：Subject(主語 )Verb (謂語 )Object (賓語 )專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式這種句型中的動(dòng)詞一般為及物動(dòng)詞。其賓語通常由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句等來充當(dāng)。1) He took his bag and left.名詞他拿著書包離開了。2) Li Lei always helps me

4、 when I have difficulties. (代詞)當(dāng)我遇到困難時(shí)，李雷總能給我?guī)椭?) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.不定式她打算在即將到來的“五一外出旅游。4) I don towkn what I should do next. (從句)我不知道下一步該干什么。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式四、句型4： Subject(主語 ) Verb(謂語 )Indirect object(間接賓語)Direct object專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式(直接賓語)專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式這種句型中，直接賓語為主要賓語，在句中不可或缺，常常由表

5、示“物的名詞來充當(dāng)；間接賓語也被稱之為第二賓語，去掉之后，對(duì)整個(gè)句子的影響不大，多由指“人的名詞或代詞承當(dāng)。引導(dǎo)這類雙賓語的常見動(dòng)詞有：buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach,show, bring, send等。1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.她爸爸給她買了一本詞典作為生日禮物。2The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.老人經(jīng)常給孩子們講述長征途中那些英雄

6、的故事。1Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.2The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.五、句型 5： Subject(主語)Verb (動(dòng)詞)Object (賓語)Complement(補(bǔ)語 )這種句型中的 “ 賓語補(bǔ)語統(tǒng)稱為 “復(fù)合賓語。賓語補(bǔ)足語的主要作用或者是補(bǔ)充、說明賓語的特點(diǎn)、身份等；或者表示讓賓語去完成的動(dòng)作等。擔(dān)任補(bǔ)語的常常是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、動(dòng)詞不

7、定式等。1You should keep the room clean and tidy.你應(yīng)該讓屋子保持干凈整潔。形容詞2)We made him our monitor.(名詞 ) 我們選他當(dāng)班長。3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式 ) 他父親告訴他不要在街上玩。常見的動(dòng)詞有 : tell,ask, advise, help,want, wouldlike, order,force,allow 等。注意：動(dòng)詞 have, make, let,see, hear,notice, feel, watch等后面所接的動(dòng)詞不定

8、式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，不帶to。1)The boss made him do the work all day.老板讓他整天做那項(xiàng)工作。2)I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.昨天晚上我聽見她在隔壁唱了一個(gè)晚上。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式句型六： There be +主語+其它這一構(gòu)造表示 “某地有某物。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式主語一般位于 there be之后。值得關(guān)注的是，當(dāng)句中有兩個(gè)或更多的主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞一般和最近的一個(gè)保持一致：1) There are two girls and a boy running on the

9、 playground第一：定語從句。定語從句在句子中作定語，用來修飾一個(gè)名詞、名詞詞組或者代詞。先行詞和引導(dǎo)詞被修飾的名詞、名詞詞組或代詞叫做先行詞；在先行詞和定語從句之間起連接作用的詞叫做引導(dǎo)詞。引導(dǎo)詞分為“關(guān)系代詞和“關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有： who,whom,whose,that,which,as。關(guān)系副詞有：when,where,why。例如，下面的這兩個(gè)句子用上定語從句馬上就變成了一個(gè)漂亮的復(fù)雜句。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式Bad books containevilthoughts.about violence, superstition, and sex.In them, there

10、might be much description專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式 Bad books, in which there might be much descrip superstition, and sex, contain evil thoughts.tion about violence,專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式第二：狀語從句。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式在句子中起狀語作用的從句叫做狀語從句。狀語從句由附屬連詞引導(dǎo)。狀語(adverbial) 是句子的重要修飾成分。狀語是謂語里的另一個(gè)附加成分，它附加在謂語中心語的前面，從情況、時(shí)間、處所、方式、條件、對(duì)象、肯定、否認(rèn)、X圍和程度等。在

11、寫作當(dāng)中運(yùn)用的最多的是以下五種狀語從句，即原因狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，條件狀語從句，時(shí)間狀語從句和目的狀語從句。1.原因狀語從句：常由because, as, since和for引導(dǎo)Eg: Nonetheless, I am still in favor of space travel, for its merits far outweigh demerits.盡管如此，我還是贊成太空探險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗暮锰庍h(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于害處。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式2.讓步狀語從句：常由although, though, even though/ if, as long as和notwithstanding引導(dǎo)Eg:

12、Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.盡管這一觀點(diǎn)被廣泛承受，很少有證據(jù)說明教育能夠在任何地點(diǎn)、任何年齡進(jìn)展。3.條件狀語從句：常由if, on the condition that和providing that引導(dǎo)Eg: If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must wor

13、k hard, make efforts and get prepared.假設(shè)你要取得成就或要實(shí)現(xiàn)你的雄心壯志，你必須努力工作、艱辛奮斗、準(zhǔn)備好條件。4. 時(shí)間狀語從句：常由 when和 while 引導(dǎo)Eg: When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.說到教育，大局部人認(rèn)為其是一個(gè)終生的學(xué)習(xí)。5.目的狀語從句:常由so that和in order that引導(dǎo)Eg: Millions of people have to spend more ti

14、me and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in jobmarket.成千上萬的人們不得不花費(fèi)的精力和時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)新的技術(shù)和知識(shí)，使得他們?cè)诰蜆I(yè)市場能保持優(yōu)勢。第三：賓語從句。在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞和主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞一樣。賓語從句可以作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語，作短語動(dòng)詞的賓語，介詞的賓語。Eg: Some people claim that government should be mainly responsible for t

15、he environmental pollution.專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式一些人認(rèn)為政府應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境污染負(fù)主要責(zé)任。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式Eg: Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.許多專家指出這是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)開展必然的結(jié)果，無法防止。第四：同位語從句。在復(fù)合句主句中名詞性成分之后與該名詞性成分并列，補(bǔ)充說明該名詞性成分的有關(guān)情況的名詞性從句，被稱為同位語從句。Eg:

16、 It is an undeniable fact that environmental pollution becomes increasingly serious.環(huán)境污染變得越來越嚴(yán)重是不可否認(rèn)的事實(shí)。Eg: No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.沒有人能否認(rèn)這一根本領(lǐng)實(shí)：對(duì)于一般工人來講，輕松掌握這些技術(shù)是不可能的。第五：主語從句。一 what, who, whom, whose, whi

17、ch, whatever,whoever, whichever 等連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句以 that, whether 附屬連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句以 when, where, how, why 等連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句第六：強(qiáng)調(diào)句 : It is +被強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容+ thatEg: It is cars and factories that release a great deal of gases, polluting the environment.汽車和工廠排放大量的廢氣，使得環(huán)境被污染。第七：倒裝句。Eg: Only if the government will take some appr

18、opriate measures, will this intractable problem be tackled.只有政府采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧?，這個(gè)棘手的問題才能被解決。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式第八：被動(dòng)語態(tài)。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式Eg: Every means should be tried to protect the environment on which people live.人們應(yīng)竭盡全力來保護(hù)我們賴以生存的環(huán)境。第九：分詞構(gòu)造：包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。Eg: Tourism, which is a rising industry, has become the major source of economy, playing crucial role in many Asian countries.旅游業(yè)是一個(gè)新興的行業(yè)，它成為經(jīng)濟(jì)的主要 , 在很多東南亞國家起著尤為重要的作用。Eg: To be more specific, government should stage some