陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句講解與練習(xí)

1、陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句講解與練習(xí)一、陳述句陳述句就是敘述一件事情后者表達一種看法的句子。陳述句的分類陳述句可以分為肯定式和否定式兩種。1. 肯定式第一種：主語+謂語+其他，如Lucy Ii kes pI ay ing sports.I am singing.My father went to Beijing I ast week.She can r i de the b i ke.第二種：主語+系動詞+表語，如：This room is empty.We are good fr i ends .2. 否定式陳述句的否定式有以下三種: 第一種就是Be動詞加，后面not構(gòu)成否定句。如：li

2、sa is not a studentThere were not at schooI yesterday.第二種就是實義動詞，而且沒有情態(tài)動詞或助動時，要用do/dose/did +not 構(gòu)成否定。安口： I don t like musicThe farmer did notwant to feed the rabbit.第三種：謂語動詞為“助動詞、情態(tài)動詞+實義動詞”時，要用“助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+not ”構(gòu)成否定。如：I am not goingto pI ay computer games.Harry must notgo to schooI at n i ght.We can no

3、t go hiking with you this weekend二、疑問句分為四種：一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反義疑問句。1. 一般疑問句通常以be , have ,助動詞或情態(tài)動詞開頭，回答時用Yes, No,朗讀時要用升調(diào)。2. 特殊疑問句是對句子某一部分的疑問句。特殊疑問句的句式是：特殊疑問詞+般疑問句。疑問詞有who, whom , whose , what, when, why , where , how 等。如：who i s our cIassmate What does Kate do on SundaysWhose cat is it which bag wiI

4、I they buy When did he go out Why don t we go togetherWhere were you I ast n i ght How are you today3. 選擇疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)是提供兩種或兩種以上的情況，供對方進行選 擇回答的句子。選擇疑問句的句式是：一般疑問句+or +可選擇部分。如：are the appIes red or green選擇疑問句的特殊疑問句式是：特殊疑問句+or+可選擇部分。如: wh i ch girl i s ta I I er ,Sa I Iy or Jessica選擇疑問句的回答和特殊疑問句一樣，不能用yes或no ,

5、要 根據(jù)實際情況回答。朗讀時，選擇疑問句在or前面的部分要用 升調(diào)，句末要讀降調(diào)。4. 反義疑問句的句式有兩種，一種是：肯定句陳述句+否定結(jié)構(gòu)的 反意疑問句是在陳述句的后面，對陳述句所說的實施或看法提出疑問的句子。附加疑問句。如：you know him , don * t you 另一種是： 否 定陳述句+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)的附加疑問句。如：Sandy can t speaking Eng Ii sh ,can he反義疑問句也要用yes或No來回答。如果陳述句部分的內(nèi)容是 事實，就用yes回答，后面相應(yīng)的用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)；如果陳述句部分 的內(nèi)容不是事實，就用no來回答，后面跟否定結(jié)構(gòu)。在翻譯時 要注意ye

6、s和no的意思。如：you know him ,don t you Yes , I do .（是，我認識。）No, I don t （不，我不認識）Sandy can t speak Engl i sh , can he Yes , he can .（不，他會。）No, he can t.（是的，他不會。）在朗讀時，陳述句部分用降調(diào)，附加疑問可以升也可以降。三、祈使句1.什么是祈使句用來表示請示、命令、勸告、建議等的句子叫做祈使句。如：Sit down, pI ease. Be careful!2.祈使句的分類根據(jù)用途和功能，祈使句可以分為以下幾類表彳青求。攻口： Close the wind

7、ow , p I ease表命令。如 Stop talking!表提醒或警告。如：Look out !The car i s coming.表邀請。如： Help yourseIf to some f i sh.表示禁止。如：Don t spit ! No parking!四、感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)小學(xué)階段的感嘆句主要有how和what引導(dǎo)兩種。感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)：how +形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語，如：how nice the boots are!感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)：What +a/an +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語, 如:what a pretty girl she is !但是如果是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或 不可

8、數(shù)名詞，就可以去掉句中的a/an.如：What expens i ve pens these are ! What p I easant weather it is!鞏固練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)題()1 Where i s the manA. Under the treeD. My mother()2. How do you go toA. At 8:00D. By bike()3. What heA. WorkingD. A teacher.()4. What time do youA. At homeB.D At 7:00B. At 10:00C. Read a bookschooIB. IC. Toda

9、yB. His fatherC. At homeget up everydayHeC Clean my bedroom()5. Whatshe do th i s morningA. isB doesC. doD. did()6. Howyou do?A. areB.C. doD. did()7. Which i sbetter, the red onethe bIue oneA. andB. orc.butDso()8.are youWonderfuI!A. HowB. Whatc.WhoDWhere()9.i s it todayIt s Monday.A. What dateB. Wha

10、t dayC. What timeD.What 丨 anguage( )10.shaI I we goIn the mor i ng.A. WhenB. WhoC. WhereD.How)11. Excuse me ,can you teI I meto getto theNo. 1Middle Schoo IA. whereB. whichC. whyD.how)got the 100thgo Id metal intheOlympics forCh i naWhereHow一 Zhang YiningA. WhoB. WhatC. WhenD.)13are you ta Ik i ng a

11、boutWe are ta I king about the AsiaGames i n Guangzhou.A. WhatB. WhereC. WhyD.) do you visit your uncIe一 once a week.A. How longB. How manyC. How oftenD.How soon)15. Excuse me!me!i s the nearest bookshopGo down the street and turn I eft at the second cornerA. howB. whatC. whereD.()16. is a ticker fo

12、r the film Hacker HeAbout forty yuan A. How o I dB. How manyC. How muchD.How often()17.are you goirrB. WhichA. WhoWhere()1 8.It s eight.A. What dayis itthreeC. How o I dare youteI ephone number()1 9.shaI I we meeIm going to the I ibrary.C. WhatD.B. What s f i ve andD. What s yourin the park)20.Which

13、What about ha If past e i ghtA. WhatB. WhenC. WhereD.year does your schoo Ihave sports meeti ngsTwice a year.A. How often B. HowsoonC. How I ongD.How many times提高題)1.are you goi ngto bein the futureA.D. What,)wiA.want to be a personYang Liwei.How, I i keasI I your fatherHow I ongB.How,asC. What, lik

14、ebe back B. how oftenC. How soonD. How wide)3.sweater i s th i s1 t hink it s Pet er s.A. How soon B How often C. How farD. HowWhose()4i s the Confucian Temp I e (孑 L廟)from hereIt s about 10 minuters waIkA. How many B. How long C. How muchD. Howfar()5. may I keep these booktwo weeksA. How often B. H

15、ow far C. How IongD.How soon()6.i s it from here to Yan cheng Ra i I way StationAbout two k i Iometers.A. How oftenB. How farC How soonD. How I ong()7. wi I I the fore i gn students be back fromNanJi ng.In two days, I think fast( )8.The one behind the tree.A. Whose girl B. Who s that girl C. Which g

16、irlD. Where s the girl()9.thepopuI ation ofch i naA. How manyB. Whatc.How sDWhat s()10.i s sheA. WhomB. Whoc.WhichDWhen()11.is the best,Tom, Jackor TimA. WhichB WhoC. WhomD. What()12 milk do you need一 Three cups.A. How many B. How muchC. WhatD.Where)13.I ve got a headache and a cough.A. Whas your tr

17、oubIewith itB Whas wrongC. Can I he I p youD. How are you()14.tea d i d you haveTwo cups.A. How manyB. How muchC. How soonD.Which()15. Behind the tree.A. WhatB. HowC. what, sDA. Whose girlB. Who s that girlC. Which girlD. Where sthe girl( )1.the pr ice of the penIt stwo yuan.What s()2. Whose room i

18、s thi sA.HeB. himC. theirsD.t hey()3.Whereyou just nowA.wasB. areC. doD.were()4.Whobest in his c1 assA.danceB. dancingC dancesDi s dance()5. How manyare thereA. peop1esB. peop 1 eC. sheepsD.mea t()6. Could youte 1 1 me, howto the bankA. goB. goesC. wentD. togo()7.the weather I ikeA. WhatB. HowC. How

19、 sD.What s()8. How muchthe penA. doesB. areC. i sD. am()9.are you going tohave dinnerton i ghtA. WhoB. WhereC. WhenD. What( )10.do you goto Hong Kongsorry ,I, ve never been there.A. How longB. How oftenC. How farD. Howsoon對劃線部分提問My mother goesto work by bi ke.your motherto work2. There are s i xkite

20、s in the sky.are therei n the sky3 Classes begin at eight.cI asses4. Its Sunday today. is it today5. The cats are running up the tree. are the cats 6. He would Iike five cakes. wouId he I ike7. They play footba I I every Friday.they pI ay footba I I8. Allan will go back to Eng I and by pl ane next month.