新編英語教程5-Unit-1-Hit-the-Nail-on-the-Head

1、Unit 11. words related to walk (ll. 83-86)march: walk with firm, regular steps like a soldier 齊步前進(jìn)pace: walk with slow, steady steps, especially backwards and forwards 踱方步patrol: go at regular times round an area, building, etc. 巡邏stalk: vi. stalk out / off / away: walk stiffly, proudly, or with lon

2、g steps 高視闊步地走 vt. to pursue by tracking stealthily 暗中追蹤 to go through (an area) in pursuit of prey or quarry 尋找，在搜索獵物或獵場tread (on): step on 踩，踐踏tramp: walk (through or over) with firm, heavy steps 用沉重地腳步走，長途旅行step out: (U.S.) go outside or go somewhere (美國口語)暫時走開，走出屋外，下車，游蕩prance: move quickly, hap

3、pily, or proudly with a springing step 歡悅地走，（馬）騰躍strut: vi. walk proudly or stiffly, especially with the chest pushed forward and trying to look important 趾高氣昂地走prowl: vt (animal) hunt another animal; (man) criminal activityvi. around / about / through: move about an area quietly, trying not to be s

4、een or heardplod: walk slowly along (trudge) 沉重緩慢地走stroll: walk a short distance, slowly or lazily, especially for pleasure （懶散）散步， 閑逛shuffle: walk by dragging ones feet slowly along 拖著腳走stagger: walk or move unsteadily and with great difficulty, almost falling 蹣跚sidle: move uncertainly or secretive

5、ly or in a shy way, as if not want to be noticed (羞怯或偷偷地)側(cè)身而行或接近trudge: walk with heavy steps, slowly and with effort (plod) esp. because you are tired home / along / throughtoddle: walk with short, unsteady steps, as a small child does 蹣跚行走ramble: go on a walk for enjoyment/pleasure 漫步roam: wander

6、with not very clear purpose or direction （漫無目的）漫游、閑逛saunter: walk in an unhurried way, and esp. in a confident manner (lounge) 漫步、閑逛meander: wander in a slow easy way not in any particular direction 漫步，散步; (a river) turn a lot: 曲曲折折地流過lounge: move in a leisurely, indolent （不積極，懶惰）manner (saunter) 閑蕩

7、loiter: move slowly or keep stopping when one should be going forward 走走停停creep: move slowly, quietly, and carefully so as not to attract attention 躡手躡腳地走stride: walk with long steps, especially in a hasty or vigorous way 大踏步走、闊步前行Key Points of the Text clumsy, awkward (l.1)clumsy implies stiffness,

8、 heaviness, and blundering as the source of the lack of graceawkward: lacking grace, ease, or proficiencyE.g. His clumsy attempts at the humor failed to get a conversation start. He was quite awkward before large audiences, but very effective at small gatherings. drive something home (l.3): force (t

9、he nail) into the right place; make something unmistakably clear 把（釘子等）打入；使明確無誤E.g. (1). He slammed the door and drove the bolt home. 他砰地關(guān)上門，把門閂插好。(2). drive ones point home 講清楚自己的觀點deft (l.4): effortlessly skillful; adroit熟練的hit it squarely on the head: hitting it directly on the head. Also hit the

10、 (right) nail on the head: (informal) be exactly right in words or action 正中要害；猜中；說得好，做得好E.g.: Your criticism really hit the nail on the head. 你的批評確是一針見血。 loose phrase (l.6): 模糊，不確切l(wèi)oose translation/style/woman 意譯/不簡練的文體/放蕩的女人 scrupulous writers: writers who are thorough, exact, and who pay careful

11、attention to details 一絲不茍的作家scrupulous: correct even in the smallest detail; exact; painstaking; meticulous嚴(yán)格認(rèn)真的,審慎的unscrupulous: 不擇手段的, 肆無忌憚的, the opposite of scrupulous, seems to be more often used to describe people who do not care about honesty and fairness in getting what they want, or who are

12、completely without principles. Also by hook or (by) crook: to win by hook or crook that constitutes his limitation (ll.23-24): that makes or forms his shortcoming or inability in certain respects human vs. humane: human: relating to or characteristic of humankind or peopleE.g.: human action: action

13、taken by man 人的行為To err is human; to forgive, divine. 犯錯人皆難免；寬恕則屬超凡。human killer: a person or a machine that kills humans 殺人兇手；殺人機(jī)器humane: having or showing compassion or benevolence; characterized by kindness, mercy, sympathyE.g.: humane action: merciful action 人道的行為humane killer: that which kills

14、but causes little pain; instrument for painless slaughter of animals 牲口無痛屠宰機(jī)，牲口麻醉屠宰機(jī)a man of humane character 溫文爾雅 humane studies人文學(xué)科 far afield (l.31): far away from; to or at a great distance; very far away 向遠(yuǎn)處, 遠(yuǎn)離 rife (l.38): widespread, common（流行的，普遍的）. Rife is an adjective used with something

15、negative.E.g.: (1). Crime and violence were rife in this city before liberation.(2). Typhoid fever (bird flu) is rife. 目前傷寒（禽流感）流行。(3). This article is rife with error. 這篇文章錯誤百出。 singularity vs. singleness:singularity: strangeness, oddity, peculiarity 奇特, 特性, 非凡E.g.: singularity of mind 思想奇特；標(biāo)新立異sin

16、gleness: complete devotion to; holding steadfastly toE.g.: singleness of mind 思想專一, 專心致志 imprison: put into prison or keep in a place or state which one is not free to leave 監(jiān)禁, 關(guān)押; 限制, 束縛 coercion (l.48): pressure, compulsion; government by force 強(qiáng)迫，壓制；高壓統(tǒng)治E.g.: the coercion of public opinion 輿論的壓力

17、coerce v.t.: 強(qiáng)制；脅迫；迫使E.g.: coerce somebody into doing something 迫使某人做謀事 coerce uniformity 強(qiáng)求一致coercive adj. = coercionary adj.: serving or intended to coerceE.g.: coercive methods (measures) 強(qiáng)制的方法（手段） epitomize (l.49): be typical of; serve as the typical example of 代表，象征，體現(xiàn)，寫 的梗概，作 的綱要E.g.: His poli

18、tical creed was epitomized in this report. 他的政治信念就概括在這篇報告中。epitome ipitEmi n.: 典型，象征；縮影 梗概；縮寫，節(jié)錄 hit on (l.50): strike on; find by lucky chance or have a good idea about（偶然或忽然）發(fā)現(xiàn)；碰上；找到；想到 distill (l.51): take and separate the most important parts of (a book, a subject, etc.) 提煉E.g.: distill the essence of 提取的精華 disprove (l.83): prove to be contrary; refute 反駁，證明有誤E.g.: He could not disprove the major contention of his opponents. 他駁不倒對方的主要論點。 expire (l.74): die; pass away; come to an end 死亡；過期He died poor. / He died poorly. die like a dog/die a dogs death/die a natu