物聯(lián)網(wǎng)-工業(yè)-德國(guó)-工業(yè)-工業(yè)4.0計(jì)劃

1、連闌設(shè)備中.ititn機(jī)設(shè)舫很快騎占絕大卻分°這些說(shuō)暢市城值大”穴囲電紅軍樋1S板相貨翎1丨罕理設(shè)益Source： Fonosier RearchE1可壯的Internet設(shè)備工業(yè)4.0工業(yè)4.0 (Industrie 4.0)是德國(guó)政府高技術(shù)戰(zhàn)略 2020確定的十大未來(lái)項(xiàng)目之一，并已上升為國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略，旨在支持工業(yè)領(lǐng)域新一代革命性技術(shù)的研發(fā)與創(chuàng)新。在德國(guó)工程院、弗勞恩 并已上升為國(guó)家級(jí)戰(zhàn)略。工業(yè)4.0簡(jiǎn)介工業(yè)4.0 ”研究項(xiàng)目由 德國(guó)聯(lián)邦教研部與聯(lián)邦經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)部聯(lián)手資助, 霍夫協(xié)會(huì)、西門子公司等德國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)界和產(chǎn)業(yè)界的建議和推動(dòng)下形成， 德國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府投入達(dá) 2億歐元。德國(guó)政府提出 工業(yè)4.0

2、 ”戰(zhàn)略，并在2013年4月的漢諾威工業(yè)博覽會(huì)上正式推出，其目的是為了提高德國(guó)工業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，在新一輪工業(yè)革命中占領(lǐng)先機(jī)。該戰(zhàn)略已經(jīng)得到德國(guó)科研機(jī)構(gòu)和產(chǎn)業(yè)界的廣泛認(rèn)同，弗勞恩霍夫協(xié)會(huì)將在其下屬6 - 7個(gè)生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域的研究所引入工業(yè)4.0概念，西門子公司已經(jīng)開始將這一概念引入其工業(yè)軟件開發(fā)和生產(chǎn)控制系統(tǒng)。2工業(yè)4.0內(nèi)涵工業(yè)4.0概念包含了由集中式控制向分散式增強(qiáng)型控制的基本模式轉(zhuǎn)變，目標(biāo)是建立一個(gè) 高度靈活的個(gè)性化和數(shù)字化的產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)的生產(chǎn)模式。在這種模式中，傳統(tǒng)的行業(yè)界限將消失，并會(huì)產(chǎn)生各種新的活動(dòng)領(lǐng)域和合作形式。創(chuàng)造新價(jià)值的過(guò)程正在發(fā)生改變，產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈分工將被重組。德國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)界和產(chǎn)業(yè)界認(rèn)為，工業(yè)4.

3、0 '概念即是以智能制造為主導(dǎo)的第四次工業(yè)革命，或革命性的生產(chǎn)方法。該戰(zhàn)略旨在通過(guò)充分利用信息通訊技術(shù)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間虛擬系統(tǒng)一信息物理系統(tǒng)(Cyber-Physical System)2】相結(jié)合的手段，將制造業(yè)向智能化轉(zhuǎn)型。工業(yè)4.0項(xiàng)目主要分為兩大主題，一是智能工廠”，重點(diǎn)研究智能化生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)及過(guò)程，以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)化分布式生產(chǎn)設(shè)施的實(shí)現(xiàn)；二是智能生產(chǎn)”，主要涉及整個(gè)企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)物流管理、人機(jī)互動(dòng)以及3D技術(shù)在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的應(yīng)用等。該計(jì)劃將特別注重吸引中小企業(yè)參與，力 圖使中小企業(yè)成為新一代智能化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的使用者和受益者，同時(shí)也成為先進(jìn)工業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的創(chuàng)造者和供應(yīng)者。3工業(yè)4.0目標(biāo)德國(guó)制造業(yè)是世界

4、上最具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的制造業(yè)之一，在全球制造裝備領(lǐng)域擁有領(lǐng)頭羊的地位。這在很大程度上源于德國(guó)專注于創(chuàng)新工業(yè)科技產(chǎn)品的科研和開發(fā)，以及對(duì)復(fù)雜工業(yè)過(guò)程的管理。德國(guó)擁有強(qiáng)大的設(shè)備和車間制造工業(yè)，在世界信息技術(shù) 領(lǐng)域擁有很高的能力水平，在嵌入式系統(tǒng)和自動(dòng)化工程方面也有很專業(yè)的技術(shù)，這些因素共同奠定了德國(guó)在制造工程工業(yè)上的領(lǐng)軍地位。通過(guò)工業(yè) 4.0戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施，將使德國(guó)成為新一代工業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)（即信息物理系統(tǒng)） 的供應(yīng)國(guó)和主導(dǎo)市場(chǎng)，會(huì)使德國(guó)在繼續(xù)保持國(guó)內(nèi)制造業(yè)發(fā)展的前提下再次提升它的全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 力。fraunhoferffiJE所的Dr.-lng. 01酣和聘濃文指出；枉當(dāng)前工業(yè)界數(shù)字叱技術(shù)的應(yīng)用推廠仍然不夠 深入，

5、為了提高愿國(guó)工業(yè)整嫌水平與產(chǎn)品竟?fàn)幜Γ@一點(diǎn)必須加強(qiáng)-打開未來(lái)工廠的朝匙關(guān)霹在于信 息技術(shù)因?yàn)樵趨`么是未來(lái)商牡戚肋的決定因青的討論中，比起事高的牛產(chǎn)率和再可鑒的機(jī)器2廠 島 更需靈的是制楚商雀鏗惶慳深匱璉解客戶需求的一抉孑解決肓家（ Ccrrprehensive-角此內(nèi)應(yīng)對(duì)之茉就是墓二IUT【信息通信技術(shù)）構(gòu)淒能沏用戶提供與.立品相關(guān)朕的各種帳務(wù)"據(jù)中匡科學(xué)自動(dòng)化聯(lián)齟穗書處的易能立方總經(jīng)理王建介貂，曲工業(yè)40其實(shí)就是扌賊洲將要掛註 働第四號(hào)工業(yè)華飢 上一次（第三次）工業(yè)革命的標(biāo)擊加較控和PLU為代農(nóng)初自動(dòng)化應(yīng)目 而這（Cyber Phys cal stems<5忌柯理系統(tǒng)）世滋

6、U新的驅(qū)動(dòng)尢"工業(yè)也Q祚具悴 呈現(xiàn)出皆慧生產(chǎn)、綠色主產(chǎn)、和城幣優(yōu)附眩的新符點(diǎn)，祐統(tǒng)的行業(yè)界限將消矩并會(huì)產(chǎn)生各種新的活 劫頷嘅和合件冊(cè)式，創(chuàng)適新價(jià)但旳過(guò)積正在茨生改變產(chǎn)業(yè)誕分工攝祓重紺.王建Jrrajnnofer研 列所對(duì)于買壩丄業(yè)4 0目標(biāo)的其庫(kù)季看挎標(biāo)務(wù)述包拈1智眨優(yōu)設(shè)省可完成高桔密、械高貫莖地制造細(xì) 瓠 小批重產(chǎn)品：2.80%的創(chuàng)祈將由IUT駝動(dòng)，頑智能制迄 綠色制it、裁帀化制迤3依贛CPS系 統(tǒng)、糊聯(lián)翩和膽務(wù)屈，對(duì)大散據(jù)流的采需和分析將促進(jìn)資源節(jié)約型制造；4基干CPSI業(yè)輔助系統(tǒng)用 于培訓(xùn)下一代智甦工廠的工人；5増強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實(shí)系療支持牛人化工作陣和對(duì)新制矗工藝的槪學(xué)習(xí).對(duì)于工業(yè)4堪

7、炭的亮相德國(guó)工業(yè)界做出了積極地響應(yīng).比如，西門子展示了自身推進(jìn)工業(yè)4 0 的具協(xié)行動(dòng)，這包括決全集成自動(dòng)化TIAV1鐵本、S7-1500.針對(duì)電汽傳動(dòng)應(yīng)用 的“全集成馳動(dòng)系境” （IDS）概念.以信息技術(shù)沏基砒時(shí)狀盃監(jiān)控報(bào)務(wù)，以及通過(guò)盧擬生產(chǎn)規(guī)劃降低 產(chǎn)線機(jī)器人能耗高達(dá)創(chuàng)踴等展示等.呂外,西門子捲出當(dāng)前釣藥0C名軟件工程師是其在ICT動(dòng)制造 業(yè)自瓦I化創(chuàng)新上肘最大資瓦Spimes, Cyber Physical Systems and Industrie 4.0 1收磁人:J8de0709 +關(guān)注 2013-08-95147轉(zhuǎn)：3|分李未瀝 A 田The term spimes was int

8、roduced by Bruce Sterling in 2005.According to him, spimes are manufactured objects that start out in a different way from traditional objects and end up as data. From 亠 their origin to their recycling, he states, spimes form 'material . instantiations of an immaterial system, 2The physical obje

9、ct is increasingly being created and integrated into the virtual environment of interconnected and communicating networks Throughout its lifetmA the behaviour of the spime in terms of time place and performanee is abe to be tracked and analysed within the virtual networks in which it is linked.Indus

10、trie 4.0In Europe Germany s not only the lead ng country in the field of industrial production but also in tie production of industrial components. It also closely monitors the developments towards an Industrial Internet of Things 合nd Cyber Physical Systems and has come up with its own answer in the

11、 form of Industrie 4 0 The German vision is based on the notion that after mechanisation, electnfication and IT-as a result of the integratio n of the Internet of Things and Services in the in dustrial envir onment - a fourth revolution is aboil to be set in motion. The basis tor this vision lies in

12、 the conviction that in the future, businesses will establish global networks that incorporate their machinery, warehousing systems and production facilities in the shape of Cyber Phys cal Systems'.h these g obal networks, three points of departure are keyhorizontal integration in value networks

13、end-to-end digital integration of components within the network vortical intogration of production systems intorconnoctod by means of networks.In the German vision the development of Industrie 4 0 forms an evolutionary process in which existing tech no logios and knowledge arc adapted to the now and

14、 specific demands of developing, producing and maintaining products linked together via networks.Net-centrlc workingAs already stated the hybndisafion of man and technology; organisation and technology, and society and tech no logy has become an irrcvor 引 blc process 6. Whether v/e welcome it or not

15、. our world is being digitised and interconnected in nerv/orks at enormous speed Slowly but surely, within these networks, the traditional boundaries bchvocn man and machine are becoming blurred. Commun cation in these networks is done by exchanging and shanng information. And it is becoming increas

16、ingly accepted for this information to be used by man and machine to function, to take action, or to produce goods and services. The time has come for more attention to be paid to the consequences and possibilities that this process of hybndisaton is bringing with it for us as individuals, for organ

17、isations, and for societ) as a who e. I believe that this process of hybridisaton cannot be reversed Stioirtingfor itro stop or to be regulated is like demanding that electricity or telephony be forbidden. We owe it to ourselves to pay more attention io the way in which we wish to develop and functi

18、on in a net-centric world as individuals, organisations and soaety. I am convin8d that this will provide more than enough space for further qrov/th and development.1 Securing the future of German manufaauring industry. Recommendations for implementing the strategic initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0. Apnl 2013 Fin