雅思閱讀長難句分析

1、雅思閱讀長難句分析I.There had, of course, been dictionaries in the past, the first of these being alittle book of some 120 pages, compiledby a certainRobert Cawdray,of hard usuall En glishpublished in 1604 under thetitle A Table Alphabeticalwordes翻譯：當然，過去也有詞典，第一部詞典是一本大約 120頁的小冊子，它由一位叫羅伯特 考 德雷的人編纂而成并于 1604年出版

2、，書名叫疑難常用英語詞匯表。詞匯：compile v.編寫，編纂a certa in 某一publish v.出版under the title 名叫，題為分析：主干部分： There had bee n dicti on aries in the past.（倒裝句）獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：the first of these being a little book of some 120 pagesThe first of these邏輯主語Bei ng a little book of some 120 pages分詞短語狀語成分： compiled by a certain Robert Caw

3、dray, published . wordes'.（過去分詞短語作狀語）2.Bey ond the practical n eed to make order out of chaos, the rise of diet ion aries is associated with the rise of the English middle class, who were anxious to define and circumscribe the various worlds to conquer - lexical as well as social and commercial.

4、翻譯：除了從混亂中建立起秩序的實際需要，詞典的興起也與英國中產(chǎn)階級的興起息息相關(guān)，他們急切地希望能定義和界定各種各樣等待他們?nèi)フ鞣念I域一一詞匯領域，社會領域以及商業(yè)領域。詞匯：Chaos n.混亂，紊亂Rise n.興起Associate v. 聯(lián)系，聯(lián)想Middle class n.中產(chǎn)階級An xious a.焦急的，渴望的；令人焦慮的Circumscribe vt. 限制，制約；劃定的范圍Conq uer v.征服Lexical a.詞匯的；詞典的分析：主干部分： the rise of dicti on aries is associated with the rise of the

5、 En glish middle class狀語成分： Beyond the practical n eed to make order out of chaos 定語從句： who were anxious to define and circumscribe the various worlds to conq uer - lexical as well as social and commercial.3t is highly appropriate that Dr SamuelJohnson,the very model of aneightee nth-ce ntury litera

6、ry man, as famous in his own time as in ours, should have published his Dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class.翻譯：塞繆爾約翰遜是18世紀文學家的代表人物，他在當時就已像今天一樣享譽盛名，他于中產(chǎn)階級的黃金時代伊始時出版了詞典一書，此舉大大滿足了時代的需求。詞匯：Appropriate a.合適的，適當?shù)腍eyday n.全盛期，黃金時代Samuel Johnson n. 塞繆爾 約翰遜(1709年9月7日-1784年12月3日

7、)常被稱為約翰 遜博士(Dr. Johnson);英國歷史上最有名的文人之一；集文評家、詩人、散文家、傳記家于 一身。分析：這句話的主句是It is highly即propriate that, it在這里作形式主語，真正的主語是that所引導的句子。It is . that.表示強調(diào)語氣。主干成分： Dr Samuel Joh nson should have published his Dictionary.同位語：the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man作 Samuel Johnson的同位語（as.as結(jié)構(gòu)：像 一樣）定語

8、： as famous in his own time as in ours狀語：at the very begi nning of the heyday of the middle class.4. James Boswell, his biographer, described the garret where Joh nson worked middle at which the copy ing clerks would work sta nding up.as fitted up like a countinghousewith a longdesk runningdow n the

9、翻譯：他的傳記作者詹姆斯鮑威爾描述了約翰遜工作的閣樓“裝修得像間財務室”，一張長桌橫立于屋子的正中間，謄寫員們在桌子兩旁站著工作。詞匯：Biographer n.傳記作家Garret n.頂樓，閣樓Fit up裝配，裝備Copyi ng clerk 謄寫員分析：在這個長句里，主干成分是James Boswell described the garret 。 His biographer 作主語的同位語，where是關(guān)系代詞，引導了一個定語從句，修飾garret?，F(xiàn)在分詞 Running down the middle 作desk的定語，at which 引導的句子作 desk的定 語從句。5.

10、 The fact that Joh nson had take n on the Academies of Europe and matchedthem (everyoneknew that forty French academics had taken forty years toproduce the first French n ati onaldicti on ary）was cause for much En glishcelebrati on.翻譯：（眾所周知，四十位法國學者曾花了整整四十年才使得第一部法語詞典誕生，）然而約翰遜卻獨自承擔起了整個歐洲學術(shù)界的工作，其結(jié)果出色之程

11、度也與法語詞典不相上下，這使得英國人倍感驕傲。詞匯：Academies of Europe歐洲學術(shù)界Take on 承擔Match v.（數(shù)量或質(zhì)量）與不相上下celebrati on分析：這個長句中， The fact 是主語，“that Johnson had taken on the Academies of Europeand matched them 為the fact的同位語，是一個以 that引導的同位語從句。括號里的整個部分是狀語成分，起到解釋說明的作用。剩下的部分跟主語一起，The fact was cause是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的主句。of much En glish celebr

12、ati on6. For all its faults and eccentricities his two-volume work is a masterpiece anda Iandmark,in his own words,sett ingthe orthography,display ingthean alogy, regulati ng the structures, and ascerta ining the sig ni ficati ons ofEnglish words'.翻譯：盡管存在著錯誤和古怪之處，他的兩冊詞典依然是杰作，是里程碑，用他自己的話來說，這部詞典“確

13、立了拼字法，體現(xiàn)了詞匯辨析，規(guī)范了結(jié)構(gòu)，明釋了英文單詞的含義”。詞匯：For all盡管，雖然Eccen tricity n.古怪，反常Two-volume adj.兩卷的，兩冊的Lan dmark n.里程碑Orthography n.正確拼字An alogy n.類推Ascertain vt.查明，弄清Signi ficati on n.含義分析：這句話的主干成分是：His two-volume work is a masterpiece and a Ian dmark。前面的For all its faults and eccentricities 是 for all 弓丨導的讓步狀語；

14、in his own words 及后面引用的部分作解釋說明的作用。7. The Diction ary, together with his other writi ng, made Joh nson famous and so well esteemed that his friends were able to prevail upon King George 川 tooffer him a pension.翻譯：詞典與他的其他作品一起，使約翰遜揚名四海，備受推崇，以至于他的朋友們說服了喬治三世，賜予他一筆撫恤金。詞匯：Sothat如此以至于.Esteemed adj. < 書 &

15、gt; 受人尊敬的Prevail v.說服，勸服Pen sio n n. 撫恤金分析：這句話由 The Dictionary 作主語，togetherwriting 是插入語， made 是謂語動詞,Johnson 作賓語，famous and so well esteemed作賓語補足語，sothat弓丨導了一個結(jié)果狀語從句。主干成分是： The Dictio nary made Joh nson famous and so well esteemed.8. U nlike his predecessors, Joh nson treated En glish very practicall

16、y, as a livi ngIan guage, with many differe nt shades of mea ning.翻譯：與從前的詞典編纂者不同， 約翰遜選擇了十分務實地處理英語，他注重英語的實際使用，把握不同程度上的意思差別。詞匯:Predecessor n. 前任，前輩Practically adv.實際地Livi ng adj.活著的；在使用的Shade n.濃淺深淡，色度分析：這句話的主干成分是Joh nson treated En glish very practically，其余的部分都作狀語。9. The work was immense; filling abo

17、ut eighty large notebooks (and without alibrary to hand), Johnson wrote the definitionsof over 40,000 words, andillustrated their many meanings with some 114,000 quotati ons,draw n fromEnglish writing on every subject, from the Elizabethans to his own time.翻譯：詞典編纂工程量極大，在沒有圖書館可供查閱的情況下，約翰遜寫滿了八十大本筆記，他寫

18、了超過四萬條單詞的詞語定義，并從由英語寫作的不同學科資料中摘出了差不多十一萬四千條引用來說明這些單詞紛繁復雜的含義，他所用的引用可追溯到伊麗莎白時代。詞匯：Imme nse adj.巨大的To hand 在手頭，近在手邊川ustrate v.說明，舉例說明Quotatio n n.引用Drawfrom從召集(選擇)The Elizabetha ns 伊麗莎白時代分析：這個句子由三個子句構(gòu)成：第一個子句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)：The work was immense ;第二個子句是 Johnson wrote words ;第三個是 Johnson illustrated quotations , dra

19、wn subject 作定 語修飾 quotations , from time 作時 間狀 語。 前面 的 filling aboutha nd全部是狀語成分。10 . Joh nson was a poet and critic who raised com mon sense to the heights of geni us.翻譯：約翰遜是位詩人，也是個評論家，是他將常識上升到了天才的高度。詞匯：Poet n. 詩人Critic n. 評論家Common sense 常識Gen ius n.天才分析：這個句子相對較簡單：Johnson was a poet and critic是主句，

20、who引導了定語從句。Whe n you are old and grey and full of sleep,And no ddi ng by the fire, take dow n this book,And slowly read, and dream of the soft lookYour eyes had once, and of their shadows deep;How many loved your mome nts of glad grace,And loved your beauty with love false or true,But one man loved

21、the pilgrim soul in you,And loved the sorrows of your cha nging face;And bending dow n beside the glow ing bars,Murmur, a little sadly, how love fledAnd paced upon the mountains overheadAnd hid his face amid a crowd of stars.The furthest dista nee in the worldIs not betwee n life and deathBut whe n I sta nd in front of youYet you don't know thatI love you.The furthest dista nee in the worldIs not whe n I sta nd in front of youYet you can't see my loveBut whe n un doubtedly