依托環(huán)境智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的食用菌智能化種植解決方案

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15、菌現(xiàn)代化。物聯(lián)網(wǎng)可以在產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)方面實(shí)現(xiàn)信息化的綜合；在農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的過程中實(shí)現(xiàn)宏觀決策信息化、生產(chǎn)管理信息化、生產(chǎn)加工過程信息化、 投入品和產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)信息化、農(nóng)業(yè)氣象等服務(wù)信息化的綜合；通過生產(chǎn)信息獲取、傳輸、存儲(chǔ)、處理、反饋與控制的綜合，加快傳統(tǒng)設(shè)施食用菌栽培向高新技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)型。物聯(lián)網(wǎng)提供的先進(jìn)工具和技術(shù)手段，對(duì)加速改造提升和優(yōu)化傳統(tǒng)食用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)，促進(jìn)培育信息化、智能化新興食用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)和現(xiàn)代食用菌裝備產(chǎn)業(yè)，大幅度提高生產(chǎn)效率、管理經(jīng)營(yíng)決策水平和市場(chǎng)化程度，促進(jìn)資源和生產(chǎn)要素的高效合理開發(fā)利用、實(shí)現(xiàn)食用菌行業(yè)持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定、安全、高效發(fā)展具有重大意義。傳統(tǒng)的單純以提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率和依靠經(jīng)驗(yàn)管理的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)模式對(duì)

16、于現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)很難有突破性的發(fā)展。在食用菌生產(chǎn)中，溫度、濕度、光照和CO2 濃度等是影響其生長(zhǎng)的重要環(huán)境因子。傳統(tǒng)的單純以提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率和依靠經(jīng)驗(yàn)管理的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)模式，逐漸開始有知識(shí)化、信息化和智能化定量管理為特征的信息化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的需求，但總體上仍處于起步階段，與發(fā)達(dá)國家相比差距很大。食用菌工廠化生產(chǎn)效益好，但風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也高。食用菌栽培過程中，環(huán)境因素對(duì)食用菌的生長(zhǎng)影響很大。保證菌菇房處在適宜的空氣相對(duì)濕度、溫度、氧氣濃度、二氧化碳濃度和光照強(qiáng)度環(huán)境下，可以有效提高食用菌產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)。食用菌工廠化生產(chǎn)環(huán)境智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)根據(jù)托普物聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺(tái)而研制，通過各種傳感器實(shí)時(shí)采集每間菇房的溫度、濕度、氧氣濃度、二氧化碳濃度

17、、光照強(qiáng)度以及外圍設(shè)備的工作狀態(tài)等參數(shù)，并通過 WSN和GPRS網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸?shù)接脩羰謾C(jī)或者監(jiān)控中心的電腦上，并可根據(jù)食用菌的生長(zhǎng)規(guī)律結(jié)合專家管理系統(tǒng)，自動(dòng)控制風(fēng)機(jī)、濕器、照明等環(huán)境調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)備，保證最佳生產(chǎn)環(huán)境。ofresponsibility rank transmission pressure esta blished hierarchical accountabilit y,andw ork together to pr omotet hework oftheme chanism, aconcerted effortpayattention to impl ementation.npla ce.

18、Through the supervisoryassessment,to promote habits,stimulatingpower.Third,wemuststrengthe n impleme ntationstyle.Departmentsatalllevelstowork i n ruralareas a nd"fivenergyforthe communityto seethe re sults ofour worki ntime, increase publicawa eness, partici pation rates, sati sfaction and sup

19、port.Playgong qingfu,a mass organizati ona nd grass-r oots such aandimpr ovei dlela nd ofutilizati on,reala chieve denvir onment improve d and pr oductivity development mutualpr omoting totalwi n.Five,firmlyimplement,promotingwork a head,to cre ate hig hlights.Thir dde ployme nt,impleme ntationofsev

20、e n,thenit i s imperativeto strengthen re sponsi bilitya nd im provet he mechanismsa nd im plementation.Alllocalities and department smust be convi nce dthat g oals,going allout,musteri ng spirit,w orktogethertoe nsurethat t his year's objectives carry outtask s, attheforefront.First,wem uststre

21、 ngthenthelea dership t o imple ment. Departmentsatalllevels shoul dalwaysw orka nd r ural"fivewatertreatment","threetosplit" in an im portant positio n,and carrythe mai n responsi bility,main lea der personall y,lea dersarreste d and layersCounty nongba n,flood,t hreeto onedow n

22、to further playa leadi ngcatchtotal, i ntegrated and coordinated roleof allkinds is"long","Sheriff""Inspector"to effectivelyfulfilltheirresponsibilities,formed the alignmenton the fire line and manageme nta livelysituati on.Se cond,w e must strengt he n thetest impleme

23、ntation of the Governor.RoleplaytheGovernorgot thebaton,foragricult uraland ruralfocusand "five watertreatment", "three tosplit"work, refine improveasse ssmentmethodsandevaluationsystem,a ccurate asse ssment. Combine d with"dare play,tree benchmark"stylebuil dingf ivema

24、jor operations, carryon and gain firsthand experienceofsupervision,in particular,to strengthe n thefocus ont he "long" signs "go left","names" such assupervisi on, urged alllevel s longer onduty iwatertreatment","threeto split" astraining ca dresfor major

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30、oe t-reean pr oS os - te rguat os, Icie f t. espnSut m oecti and，eo te - S-S,t Ie SIakD Ltit trnSormain, and d ngeos old o so inand cty nge - ut as at latos taidmoto oko二、系統(tǒng)功能1 .環(huán)境信息采集、記錄與分析一一通過各種傳感器實(shí)時(shí)采集菇房環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)信息， 并通過采集節(jié)點(diǎn)、匯聚節(jié)點(diǎn)和無線網(wǎng)關(guān)，傳輸?shù)奖O(jiān)控中心和服務(wù)器。這些環(huán)境信 息一方面形成報(bào)表和曲線，供技術(shù)人員和專家分析和決策，另一方面作為食用菌 的生產(chǎn)信息記錄存檔，可供質(zhì)量安

31、全追溯使用。2 .環(huán)境智能控制一一根據(jù)食用菌生長(zhǎng)階段對(duì)環(huán)境參數(shù)的要求，用戶可以過自動(dòng)/集中控制/手動(dòng)/遠(yuǎn)程等不同控制方式，開閉制冷(或加熱)、加濕、換氣、照明 等環(huán)境調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)備，以保證食用菌處于最佳生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境。3 .報(bào)警功能一一系統(tǒng)可以根據(jù)用戶設(shè)定的閾值和設(shè)備狀態(tài)，進(jìn)行異常報(bào)警，以避免環(huán)境因素和設(shè)備故障帶來的損失。4 .遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控一一用戶可以通過手機(jī)、平板電腦、PC等終端，隨時(shí)隨地掌握菇房 內(nèi)的環(huán)境信息和設(shè)備信息，并可以遠(yuǎn)程控制各種設(shè)備。收益回報(bào)隨著該系統(tǒng)的實(shí)施，可有效提高食用菌生產(chǎn)工廠化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、智能化生產(chǎn)效益， 降低農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)成本、勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度。三、食用菌行業(yè)具有較高的產(chǎn)出率和附加值，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)在食用菌種

32、植方面主要體 現(xiàn)在以下幾點(diǎn)：ocuSrg on wy a nd a of ng and upgadg wokfut m of -hee tospa. A, fly gap nounauhoa sed ceae d bwnSI p no a iloisd" ce -d he exil ng buid ng "one houe ho d one docmen _rey andfeSoagewokmutbe-iandUlcoveae.Manco.dodigtotheown(oad，vag, tieCentalblip a o he Ow n on bo h Ses s be o

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38、a ct e RVer ad ang lemlt.wokandmnpor adenneVlgenth, and o d rei deniaie li . w ok o mpoe d mase s hus ng cndt ms .d ie e iomen threopu-thremdiidasltis rditoal lwandsmlland bulk inusy s-t Knamainupgaeompotntinitaivs o cugtseed up ne i ndu>，Pak fete-nt IP托普云農(nóng)致力于中國農(nóng)業(yè)信息化的發(fā)展！1 .食用菌產(chǎn)季與外觀品質(zhì)的光溫水精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控技術(shù)光溫控

39、制是調(diào)控設(shè)施食用菌產(chǎn)季與外觀品質(zhì)的重要手段。綜合考慮作物生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育 對(duì)光溫水條件的要求、產(chǎn)品的目標(biāo)上市期與外觀品質(zhì)、以及設(shè)施光溫水調(diào)控所需 的能耗，本系統(tǒng)能夠很好的調(diào)控作物與能耗模型的作物產(chǎn)季與外觀品質(zhì)的光溫 水，為作物產(chǎn)季與外觀品質(zhì)精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控提供決策支持，實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)水灌溉等減排增效目 的，提高食用菌品質(zhì)及收益。2 .主要病害防治報(bào)警技術(shù)項(xiàng)目生產(chǎn)中因溫度、濕度不適宜，水分無法定量監(jiān)測(cè)，滅菌時(shí)間不夠，作業(yè)不規(guī)范導(dǎo)致病害多發(fā)而嚴(yán)重?fù)p失。本物聯(lián)系統(tǒng)具有病害發(fā)生預(yù)警模型的設(shè)施作物主要病害防治報(bào)警系統(tǒng)功能，為及時(shí)有效地進(jìn)行設(shè)施作物 的病害防治提供技術(shù)支持。最大程度降低作物風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，提高產(chǎn)量收益。主要參數(shù)：空氣溫濕度

40、、基質(zhì)溫濕度、光照強(qiáng)度、二氧化碳濃度等。今后一段時(shí)間，工程實(shí)施將重點(diǎn)圍繞華北地區(qū)食用菌生產(chǎn)加工型企業(yè)的信息化技 術(shù)、智能化設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)、農(nóng)機(jī)裝備信息化技術(shù)、節(jié)水灌溉信息化技術(shù)、農(nóng)業(yè)市 場(chǎng)信息化技術(shù)服務(wù)、農(nóng)業(yè)氣象預(yù)警減災(zāi)服務(wù)等六個(gè)方面開展集成創(chuàng)新與示范，重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)、出口基地，設(shè)施觀光園、農(nóng)業(yè)科研機(jī)構(gòu)推廣，力爭(zhēng)在北京、河 北建立3-5個(gè)示范基地，取得突破性的進(jìn)展，并在不同農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)特色產(chǎn)業(yè)開展 示范。四、可以延伸的項(xiàng)目1. 食用菌信息化技術(shù)的研究開發(fā)與試驗(yàn)示范項(xiàng)目以現(xiàn)有食用菌為研究對(duì)象，重點(diǎn)研究作物生長(zhǎng)參數(shù)無損監(jiān)測(cè)與精確診斷技術(shù)、基 于模型的作物精確管理處方生成技術(shù)和作物生產(chǎn)區(qū)域布局與空間分析

41、技術(shù)。實(shí)現(xiàn)不同空間尺度下的精確作物管理，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)作物生產(chǎn)管理方案設(shè)計(jì)的精確化和科 學(xué)化，為精確栽培提供普適性的決策支持工具。以農(nóng)用通為系統(tǒng)開發(fā)平臺(tái)，把與作物生產(chǎn)管理相關(guān)的、大量的區(qū)域性農(nóng)業(yè)信息與 具體的實(shí)物地圖結(jié)合起來，進(jìn)行空間分析處理，在地圖背景下分析作物生產(chǎn)管理 信息，并通過相關(guān)的模型運(yùn)算進(jìn)行作物適應(yīng)性評(píng)價(jià)、作物種植區(qū)劃、種植制度評(píng) 價(jià)、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生態(tài)區(qū)劃、農(nóng)作生產(chǎn)潛力分析、栽培管理方案設(shè)計(jì)等，從而建立區(qū)域 作物生產(chǎn)管理與分析系統(tǒng)，對(duì)于農(nóng)業(yè)資源信息儲(chǔ)存、查詢、分析應(yīng)用及農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn) 輔助決策等具有重要意義。在設(shè)施食用菌方面，重點(diǎn)研究開發(fā)基于“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)”的設(shè)施環(huán)境遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)測(cè)與自動(dòng)控 制系統(tǒng)，為生產(chǎn)者、生

42、產(chǎn)管理部門以及設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品的消費(fèi)者實(shí)時(shí)了解設(shè)施內(nèi)的 生產(chǎn)狀況提供快速而便捷的查詢平臺(tái)，實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)全過程自動(dòng)化控制。2. 食用菌產(chǎn)季與外觀品質(zhì)的光溫水精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控技術(shù)ld mp oe l ld of uBat o, ral a chee d rei in n m proed a nd poduceiy leelomlnt mutul pomoingotlwn.e, y mpleret pomKg wok ae ad to c、 hgh. T h_ dpl oyet m e n - n o seen, hl i ismpeaieo»rnghhne sponkiy a nd mp o-e t

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55、pdemoliti on work,too create aditionallowstemofincentives.According to buil ding lansformation upgradeof importantiw and cov ersan area of nature ,nitiativesto caug ht,speed upadivide設(shè)施食用菌的上市期與外觀品質(zhì)是決定設(shè)施產(chǎn)品價(jià)格及生產(chǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的重要因素。 光溫控制是調(diào)控設(shè)施食用菌產(chǎn)季與外觀品質(zhì)的重要手段。綜合考慮作物生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育對(duì)光溫水條件的要求、產(chǎn)品的目標(biāo)上市期與外觀品質(zhì)、以及設(shè)施光溫水調(diào)控所需的能耗，建立基于作物

56、與能耗模型的作物產(chǎn)季與外觀品質(zhì)的光溫水精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控系統(tǒng)， 為作物產(chǎn)季與外觀品質(zhì)精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控提供決策支持，實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)水灌溉等減排增效目的3. 主要病害防治報(bào)警技術(shù)項(xiàng)目生產(chǎn)中因溫度、濕度不適宜，水分無法定量監(jiān)測(cè)，滅菌時(shí)間不夠，作業(yè)不規(guī)范導(dǎo)致病害多發(fā)而嚴(yán)重?fù)p失。研究設(shè)施作物主要病害發(fā)生預(yù)警模型，將病害發(fā)生預(yù)警模型與溫濕度傳感器相集成，開發(fā)基于病害發(fā)生預(yù)警模型的設(shè)施作物主要病害防治報(bào)警系統(tǒng)，為及時(shí)有效地進(jìn)行設(shè)施作物的病害防治提供技術(shù)支持。4. 設(shè)施信息化項(xiàng)目重點(diǎn)研究開發(fā)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化食用菌工程成套化的設(shè)施設(shè)備與環(huán)境調(diào)控技術(shù)及生產(chǎn)管理技術(shù)，研制食用菌規(guī)模出菇場(chǎng)智能控制系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)對(duì)環(huán)境溫度、濕度、通風(fēng)、光照和有害氣體濃度等環(huán)境參數(shù)進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)，并根據(jù)食用菌生長(zhǎng)