OSPF外部路由

1、Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. OSPF外部路由技術(shù)Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page1前 言本課程介紹OSPF外部路由技術(shù)。課程內(nèi)容包括AS-External-LSA和ASBR-Summary-LSA的解釋，外部路由類型，外部路由的Forwarding Address屬性，配置外部路由引入和匯聚，配置OSPF多進(jìn)程等內(nèi)容。Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies

2、 Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2培訓(xùn)目標(biāo)學(xué)完本課程后，您應(yīng)該能：l理解外部路由使用的LSAl理解外部路由類型l理解Forwarding Address屬性l掌握外部路由引入的配置l掌握OSPF多進(jìn)程的配置Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page3引入外部路由RTARTB10.1.1.0/24.1.210.2.1.0/24.1.2RTCArea 0Area 1RTD10.3.1.0/24.1.2Loopback0 10.4.1.1/24在RTC上配置到10

3、.4.1.0/24的靜態(tài)路由Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page4RTCdisplay ospf lsdb ase self-originate OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3 Link State Database Type : External Ls id : 10.4.1.0 Adv rtr : 3.3.3.3 Ls age : 19 Len : 36 Options : E seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0 xe6ce

4、Net mask : 255.255.255.0 TOS 0 Metric: 1 E type : 2 Forwarding Address : 0.0.0.0 Tag : 1生成AS-External-LSALSA頭部，頭部，LS ID為目的網(wǎng)段地址為目的網(wǎng)段地址目的網(wǎng)段的網(wǎng)絡(luò)掩碼目的網(wǎng)段的網(wǎng)絡(luò)掩碼Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page5RTBdisplay ospf lsdb asbr self-originate OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2

5、 Area: 0.0.0.1 Link State Database Type : Sum-Asbr Ls id : 3.3.3.3 Adv rtr : 2.2.2.2 Ls age : 685 Len : 28 Options : E seq# : 80000003 chksum : 0 xcd58 Tos 0 metric: 1562生成ASBR-Summary-LSALSA頭部，頭部，LS ID為為ASBR的的Router ID從從RTB到達(dá)此到達(dá)此ASBR的開(kāi)銷的開(kāi)銷Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights rese

6、rved. Page6RTAdisplay ospf lsdb OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1 Link State Database Area: 0.0.0.1 Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric Router 2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 1535 48 80000006 1562 Router 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 1539 48 80000005 1562 Sum-Net 10.2.1.0 2.2.2.2 1475 28 80000003 1562 Sum-Asb

7、r 3.3.3.3 2.2.2.2 1428 28 80000003 1562 AS External Database Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric External 10.4.1.0 3.3.3.3 1426 36 80000003 1含有AS-External-LSA的LSDBCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page7外部路由類型RTARTB去往N1, type=1, cost=100去往N1, type=2, co

8、st=20Cost=1Cost=1RTC目的網(wǎng)段目的網(wǎng)段TypeCost下一跳下一跳N11101RTAN1220RTBCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page8產(chǎn)生次優(yōu)外部路由的可能性RTARTBE0/010.1.1.1/24E0/010.1.1.2/24E0/010.1.1.3/24Loopback0 20.1.1.1/24Area 0RTCRTC不運(yùn)行OSPF配置到20.1.1.0/24的靜態(tài)路由Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All

9、 rights reserved. Page9設(shè)置Forwarding Address物理拓?fù)涿枋鯮TARTBE0/010.1.1.1/24E0/010.1.1.2/24E0/010.1.1.3/24Loopback0 20.1.1.1/24Area 0RTCRTC不運(yùn)行OSPF配置到20.1.1.0/24的靜態(tài)路由10.1.1.0/24是一個(gè)運(yùn)行OSPF的網(wǎng)段Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page10RTBip route-static 20.1.1.0 24 10.1.1.3 RTBRTB

10、display ospf lsdb ase OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Link State Database Type : External Ls id : 20.1.1.0 Adv rtr : 2.2.2.2 Ls age : 67 Len : 36 Options : E seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0 x584b Net mask : 255.255.255.0 TOS 0 Metric: 1 E type : 2 Forwarding Address : 10.1.1.3 Tag : 1設(shè)置Forwarding A

11、ddress外部路由下一跳在外部路由下一跳在OSPF路由域內(nèi)路由域內(nèi)Forwarding Address被設(shè)置成被設(shè)置成10.1.1.3Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page11根據(jù)Forwarding Address選擇最優(yōu)路由按照按照Forwarding Address計(jì)算下一跳計(jì)算下一跳RTAdisplay ip routing-table Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface 10.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 1

12、0.1.1.1 Ethernet0/0/0 10.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 20.1.1.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 10.1.1.3 Ethernet0/0/0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page12配置引入外部路由物理拓?fù)銻TARTBRTCLoo

13、pback130.1.1.1/32E0/0E0/0E0/1E0/0Loopback01.1.1.1/3210.1.1.1/30.210.2.1.1/30.2Loopback02.2.2.2/32Area 1Loopback03.3.3.3/32Loopback230.1.1.2/32Area 0ASBRCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page13RTArouter id 1.1.1.1RTAospf RTA-ospf-1area 1RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 1

14、.1.1.1 0.0.0.0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1return配置引入外部路由配置RTA和RTBRTBrouter id 2.2.2.2RTBospf RTB-ospf-1area 1RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1quitRTB-ospf-1area 0RTB-ospf-1-ar

15、ea-0.0.0.0network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.3RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page14配置引入外部路由配置RTCRTCrouter id 3.3.3.3RTCospf RTC-ospf-1area 0RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.3RTC-ospf-1-area

16、-0.0.0.0quitRTC-ospf-1RTC-ospf-1import-route direct RTC-ospf-1RTC-ospf-1asbr-summary 30.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 RTC-ospf-1quitRTC把直連路由引入把直連路由引入OSPF在在ASBR上執(zhí)行路由匯聚上執(zhí)行路由匯聚Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page15RTCdisplay ospf lsdb ase self-originate OSPF Process 1 with Route

17、r ID 3.3.3.3 Link State Database Type : External Ls id : 30.1.1.0 Adv rtr : 3.3.3.3 Ls age : 64 Len : 36 Options : E seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0 x1093 Net mask : 255.255.255.0 TOS 0 Metric: 2 E type : 2 Forwarding Address : 0.0.0.0 Tag : 1配置引入外部路由驗(yàn)證AS-External-LSA匯聚之后的網(wǎng)段匯聚之后的網(wǎng)段Copyright 2012 Huawei T

18、echnologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page16RTBdisplay ospf lsdb asbr self-originate OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Area: 0.0.0.0 Link State Database Area: 0.0.0.1 Link State Database Type : Sum-Asbr Ls id : 3.3.3.3 Adv rtr : 2.2.2.2 Ls age : 264 Len : 28 Options : E seq# : 80000001 chks

19、um : 0 xa0a6 Tos 0 metric: 1配置引入外部路由驗(yàn)證ASBR-Summary-LSA由由RTB產(chǎn)生，描述產(chǎn)生，描述RTCCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page17RTAdisplay ip routing-table Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 17 Routes : 17Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface 1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.

20、0.0.1 InLoopBack0 3.3.3.3/32 O_ASE 150 1 10.1.1.2 Ethernet0 10.1.1.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 10.1.1.2 Ethernet0 10.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.1.1.1 Ethernet0 10.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 10.2.1.0/30 OSPF 10 2 10.1.1.2 Ethernet0 10.2.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 10.1.1.2 Ethernet0 10.3.1.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 10

21、.1.1.2 Ethernet0 10.3.1.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 10.1.1.2 Ethernet0 10.5.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.5.1.1 Serial1 10.5.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 10.5.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 10.5.1.2 Serial1 20.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 20.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 30.1.1.0/24 O_ASE 150 2 1

22、0.1.1.2 Ethernet0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0配置引入外部路由驗(yàn)證RTA的路由表Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page18配置OSPF多進(jìn)程物理拓?fù)銵oopback01.1.1.1/32RTARTBRTCLoopback03.3.3.3/32E0/0E0/0S1S1Loopback02.2.2.2/3210.1.1.1/30.

23、210.2.1.1/30.2OSPF路由域AOSPF路由域BArea 0Area 0Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page19配置OSPF多進(jìn)程配置RTARTArouter id 1.1.1.1RTAospf RTA-ospf-1area 0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0quitRTA-ospf

24、-1quitRTACopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page20配置OSPF多進(jìn)程配置RTBRTBospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2RTB-ospf-1area 0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0quitRTB-ospf-1import-route direct RTB-ospf-1import-route ospf 2RTB-ospf-1quitRTBospf 2 route

25、r-id 2.2.2.2RTB-ospf-2area 0 RTB-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.0network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.3RTB-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.0quitRTB-ospf-2import-route direct RTB-ospf-2import-route ospf 1RTB-ospf-2quitRTB把把OSPFOSPF進(jìn)程進(jìn)程1 1的路由引入到的路由引入到OSPFOSPF進(jìn)程進(jìn)程2 2中中把把OSPFOSPF進(jìn)程進(jìn)程2 2的路由引入到的路由引入到OSPFOSPF進(jìn)程進(jìn)程1 1中中可以為不同的進(jìn)程指定不同可以為不同的進(jìn)程指定不同的的Rou

26、ter IDRouter IDCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page21配置OSPF多進(jìn)程配置RTCRTCrouter id 3.3.3.3RTCospf 2RTC-ospf-2area 0RTC-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.0network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0RTC-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.0network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.3RTC-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.0quitRTC-ospf-2quitRTCCopyright 2012 Hu

27、awei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page22RTCdisplay ip routing-table Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 10 Routes : 10Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface 1.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 10.2.1.1 Serial1 2.2.2.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 10.2.1.1 Serial1 3.3.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InL

28、oopBack0 10.1.1.0/30 O_ASE 150 1 10.2.1.1 Serial1 10.1.1.1/30 O_ASE 150 1 10.2.1.1 Serial1 10.2.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.2.1.2 Serial1 10.2.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 10.2.1.1 Serial1 10.2.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoo

29、pBack0配置OSPF多進(jìn)程驗(yàn)證路由表通過(guò)其它進(jìn)程學(xué)習(xí)到的路由被認(rèn)為是通過(guò)其它進(jìn)程學(xué)習(xí)到的路由被認(rèn)為是AS外部路由外部路由Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page23配置OSPF多進(jìn)程驗(yàn)證LSDBRTBdisplay ospf lsdb OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Link State Database Area: 0.0.0.0 Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric Router

30、 2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 136 36 80000006 1 Router 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 469 36 80000003 1 Network 10.1.1.2 2.2.2.2 463 32 80000002 0 AS External Database Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric External 10.2.1.0 2.2.2.2 136 36 80000001 1 OSPF Process 2 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Link State Database Area: 0.0.0.0 Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric Router 3.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 200 48 80000024 1 Router 2.2