英語(yǔ)5個(gè)基本句型

1、簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本類型的五種基本類型預(yù)備預(yù)備知識(shí)知識(shí)主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)? ?謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)? ?賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)? ?PredicativePredicative表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)? ?Full VerbFull Verb實(shí)義行為實(shí)義行為動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞? ?Link VerbLink Verb連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞? ?休要擔(dān)心少要害怕休要擔(dān)心少要害怕-簡(jiǎn)單句（簡(jiǎn)單句（Simple SentencesSimple Sentences）就是就是只包含只包含一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子的句子 -它的結(jié)構(gòu)就是這么簡(jiǎn)單它的結(jié)構(gòu)就是這么簡(jiǎn)單,所以才叫所以才叫簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句的啊的啊!英語(yǔ)中千變?nèi)f化的句子歸根結(jié)底都是由簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型組合、英語(yǔ)

2、中千變?nèi)f化的句子歸根結(jié)底都是由簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型組合、擴(kuò)展、變化而來(lái)的擴(kuò)展、變化而來(lái)的,只要把這些基本句型弄清楚只要把這些基本句型弄清楚,你就會(huì)游刃有余了你就會(huì)游刃有余了!-呵呵呵呵,就像俺這樣就像俺這樣:Practice makes perfect!-熟能生巧熟能生巧按結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)分一個(gè)完整的簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句由 “主語(yǔ)部分主語(yǔ)部分+謂語(yǔ)部分謂語(yǔ)部分”構(gòu)成The man is a teacher. 主語(yǔ)部分主語(yǔ)部分 謂語(yǔ)部分謂語(yǔ)部分 He works hard. 主語(yǔ)部分主語(yǔ)部分 謂語(yǔ)部分謂語(yǔ)部分 He teaches English well. 主語(yǔ)部分主語(yǔ)部分 謂語(yǔ)部分謂語(yǔ)部分造句的關(guān)鍵就在于造

3、句的關(guān)鍵就在于動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞一般而言一般而言,每個(gè)句子都應(yīng)每個(gè)句子都應(yīng)該有個(gè)動(dòng)詞該有個(gè)動(dòng)詞( 除了省略句除了省略句外外 )動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞 連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞主要?jiǎng)釉~主要?jiǎng)釉~ 行為動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞 助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞輔助動(dòng)詞輔助動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be (am is are was were) / seem / keep是是/好象好象(似乎似乎)是是/保持保持look / feel / taste / smell / sound 看看/感覺感覺/嘗嘗/聞聞/聽起來(lái)聽起來(lái)(上去上去)become / turn / get / grow 變得變得不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞 laugh / smlie / look / list

4、en及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 see / hear / drank / eatbe (am / is /are / was / were)do / does / didhave / has / hadwill / shall / be going tocan / may / must / shall / needcould / should / would / mighthave (has) to / had better表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ):表示表示主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)是什么是什么(身份身份)或者或者怎么樣怎么樣(處于什么狀態(tài)處于什么狀態(tài))。由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或形

5、容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。和連系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)和連系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ),也就是說(shuō)也就是說(shuō): 連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞后面的就后面的就/才才是是表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)!He is a boy. She is a girl. They are students. They are good.He looks / seems ill.The apple tastes nice.Trees turn green.Your idea sounds good.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)連系連系動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞主主系系表表結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)（SVP） = =主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞+ +表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)Mr. Li is a good tea

6、cher.The movie is interesting/wonderful.He feels hungry.The flower looks beautiful.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) :表示句子所說(shuō)的是表示句子所說(shuō)的是“什什么人么人”或或“什么事物什么事物” 。也就是也就是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。一般由一般由名詞、代詞名詞、代詞或相或相當(dāng)于名詞、代詞的詞或當(dāng)于名詞、代詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。 謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ) :說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)“做什么做什么”、“是什么是什么”或者或者“怎么怎么樣樣”。也就是也就是做了什么行為動(dòng)做了什么行為動(dòng)作作或或處于什么狀態(tài)處于什么狀態(tài)。謂語(yǔ)（謂語(yǔ)部分里主要謂語(yǔ)（謂語(yǔ)部分里主要

7、的詞）用的詞）用動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞。 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) :表示動(dòng)作、行為的表示動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象對(duì)象。也就是也就是動(dòng)作的接受者動(dòng)作的接受者。一般由一般由名詞、代詞名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。于名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。 狗狗 咬咬 人人 。主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 人人 追追 狗狗 。主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞是是后面可以直接跟賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞后面可以直接跟賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞: see / hear / drank / eat / I saw him last week.We heard the bad news yesterday.They eat bread every day.He d

8、rank a glass of milk just now.不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞是是后面不可以直接跟賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞后面不可以直接跟賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞: laugh / smile / look / listen / She smiled happily.They laughed loudly. 如果要加賓語(yǔ)如果要加賓語(yǔ),就要靠一個(gè)介詞來(lái)幫助就要靠一個(gè)介詞來(lái)幫助:She look at the blackboard carefully.He listened to his teacher in class.They laughed at us after the match. 什么是什么是及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞和

9、和不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞呢呢?!The doctor listened carefully.The worker ran fast.The boy is fishing.The girl dances well.The duck is swimming.The woman walks slowly.主主謂謂結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)（SV） = =主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不及物不及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞He likes basketball game.He plays computer games every day.He played soccer yesterday.He is playing the guitar

10、now.及物及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞主主謂謂賓賓結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)（SVO） = =主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+ +賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)有些詞既是及物動(dòng)詞又是不及物動(dòng)詞，那就要看意思上的區(qū)別了：有些詞既是及物動(dòng)詞又是不及物動(dòng)詞，那就要看意思上的區(qū)別了：他們放風(fēng)箏。他們放風(fēng)箏。They fly the kites.風(fēng)箏在天上飛。風(fēng)箏在天上飛。The kites fly in the sky.He gave me a present.She teaches us.She teaches English.She teaches us English. She told me a story.及物及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞主主謂謂雙賓雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)（SV

11、OiOd）= =主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+ +間接賓語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)+ +直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)可以用于這種句式的動(dòng)詞主要有可以用于這種句式的動(dòng)詞主要有 (A) buy / build / catch / cut choose / cook / find / get / keep / make / draw / doHe bought me a new bike.也可以改為也可以改為for sb. 的句式的句式 He bought a new bike for me. (B) give / take / send / bring / teach / show / tell / pay / write / r

12、ead / sell / lend / pass / return / throw / offer / handShe lent me a book.也可以改為也可以改為 to sb. 的句式的句式 She lent a book to me.主主謂謂賓賓賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)（SVOC）= =主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+ +賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+ +賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)He told me to clean my room.I saw her dancing.Our teacher asks us to read English every day.及物及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞可以用于這種句式的動(dòng)詞主要有可以用于這種句式

13、的動(dòng)詞主要有l(wèi)et / make sb. do sth.ask / tell / want / allow / wish / get / sb. to do sth.expect / encourage / invite / teach find / see / hear / watch / notice / feel sb. do sth. sb. doing sth.help sb. (to) do sth.hope和和welcome 比較特殊我們可以說(shuō)比較特殊我們可以說(shuō):I hope to visit your school. I hope that you can visit our

14、school. I wish you to visit our school. Welcome to visit our school. You are welcome to visit our school. Welcome to our school.但不可以說(shuō)：但不可以說(shuō)：I hope / welcome you to visit our school. 1 主系表型主系表型 She is a very good girl . (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_詞詞) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) The girl is very good. (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_詞詞) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ))2 主謂型主謂型_式式: They laugh

15、ed. The kites fly in the sky. (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_詞詞) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_詞詞)_式式: I bought a new bike. He plays volleyball. (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_詞詞) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_詞詞) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ))_式式: She told me a story. He gave me a good book. (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_詞詞) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_詞詞) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ))_式式 He asked me to help him. He made me happy. (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_詞詞) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_語(yǔ)

16、語(yǔ)) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_詞詞) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)) (_語(yǔ)語(yǔ))原來(lái)也蠻簡(jiǎn)單的哦原來(lái)也蠻簡(jiǎn)單的哦! !我來(lái)分析一下我來(lái)分析一下這些句子中所包含的成分這些句子中所包含的成分1 主系表型主系表型 She is a very good girl . (主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)) (連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞) (表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)) The girl is very good. (主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)) (連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞) (表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ))2 主謂型主謂型主謂式主謂式: They laughed. The kites fly in the sky. (主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)) (謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞) (主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)) (謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞) 主謂賓式主謂賓式: I bought a new bike. He plays volleyball. (主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)) (謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞) (賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)) (主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)) (謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞) (賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))主謂賓賓式主謂賓賓式: She told me a story. He gave me a good book.(主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)) (謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞) (賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)) (賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)) (主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)) (謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞) (賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)) (賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))主謂賓賓補(bǔ)式主謂賓賓補(bǔ)式 He asked me to help him. He made me happy.(主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)) (謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞) (賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)) (賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足