高中英語(yǔ)必修四第二單元重點(diǎn)

1、高中英語(yǔ)必修四第二單元重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn) Unit Two Working the land1、Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.的確，他那被太陽(yáng)曬得黝黑的臉龐和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又結(jié)實(shí)的身體就跟過(guò)去五十年他一直在幫助的千百萬(wàn)的中國(guó)農(nóng)民一樣。完成時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間表達(dá)：（1）for + 段時(shí)間 多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以來(lái)（2）be

2、fore 以前 （3）since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn) 自從什么時(shí)間since +時(shí)間段 +ago 自從多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以前 since +從句 自從 since then 從那以后（4）recently ; lately; in recent +時(shí)間 最近；最近多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間（5）so far; by far; up till now; by now 到現(xiàn)在為止（6）by the end of / by the time 到時(shí)間結(jié)尾（7） in / during / for the past / last + 時(shí)間段 在過(guò)去的多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間里特別提示：（1）如果句子中有以上時(shí)間，句子一般要用完成時(shí)。（2）before后不

3、能跟時(shí)間；否則句子用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。（3）by the end of / by the time多用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)或?qū)?lái)完成時(shí)。即時(shí)活用：1、_ several years he has been working like this. A. In B. After C. For D. Since 2、The heavy rainfall has caused vegetable prices to rise daily _ the last two months. A. by B. since C. for D. with 3、Where does Mr Zhang live? - He has be

4、en on the island _the end of the Long March. A. since B. by C. in D. at 4、I have been in London twice _ 1965. A. in B. since C. during D. when 答案：C C A B2、Dr. Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.袁博士尋找一種在不擴(kuò)大土地面積的情況下增加收成的辦法。search vt. 搜查 The guard

5、s searched the house carefully. 警衛(wèi)仔細(xì)搜查了整個(gè)房子。They searched the woods for the lost boy. 他們搜查整個(gè)森林尋找丟失的小孩。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：（1）search for尋找 What are you searching for? 你在找什么？（2）search ones heart 捫心自問(wèn)I often search my heart if I am a competent teacher. 我常捫心自問(wèn)我是不是一個(gè)稱職的老師。（3）in search of 尋找 We started at once in search

6、 of something to eat. 我們立刻開(kāi)始尋找可吃的東西。3、Dr. Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.袁博士尋找一種在不擴(kuò)大土地面積的情況下增加收成的辦法。expand vi. & vt. 用法歸納：（1）膨脹；擴(kuò)大 A tyre expands when you pump air into it. 給輪胎充氣輪胎會(huì)鼓起來(lái)的。Xian is expanding in all directions. 西安正在向四周擴(kuò)大。（2）加大；使

7、膨脹Heat expands metal. 熱使金屬膨脹。 He has expanded his business. 他把生意擴(kuò)大了。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：expand on 細(xì)說(shuō)；闡述 Let me expand on my idea. 我來(lái)闡述一下我的觀點(diǎn)。4、Dr. Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their harvest.袁博士正在把他的知識(shí)用在像印度、越南這些不發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家以便于增加它們水稻的產(chǎn)量。circula

8、te vi. & vt.用法歸納：（1）循環(huán)；流通 Blood circulates in the body. 血液在體內(nèi)循環(huán)。It does good to a countrys economy if money circulates. 錢(qián)流動(dòng)對(duì)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)有好處。（2）傳播；流傳Bad news circulates quickly. 壞消息傳播的很快。Some people like to circulate false news. 有些人喜歡傳播假消息。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：circulation n. 循環(huán)；傳播；發(fā)行量5、Thanks to his research, the UN has mor

9、e tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多虧了他的研究，聯(lián)合國(guó)在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中又多了些方法。thanks to 幸虧；多虧；由于Thanks to the illness, I didnt take that flight. 多虧生病，我沒(méi)乘坐那次航班。Thanks to the teachers help, Ive made some progress with my English.由于老師幫助，我的英語(yǔ)取得了一些進(jìn)步。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：下列詞組中的to為介詞look forward to 期望 see to 處理；修理 be / g

10、et used to 習(xí)慣于 pay attention to 注意 get down to 開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做 lead to 導(dǎo)致 devoteto 貢獻(xiàn) stick to 堅(jiān)持；遵循 object to 反對(duì) prefer doing to 喜歡勝過(guò)于 get around to 找時(shí)間做 live up to 不辜負(fù) refer to 指的是；適用于 belong to 屬于 compareto把比作 turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于 add to 增加 due to 由于；歸功于 be addicted to 沉迷于 adapt to 適應(yīng) agree to 同意 be subject to 受

11、約束 owe to 歸功于thanks to 幸虧；由于 lose heart to 喜歡 tend to 傾向于 urge to 促使采取 take to喜歡 be accustomed to 習(xí)慣于即時(shí)活用：I usually enjoy his film, but the latest one _.A. didnt come up to my expectation B. didnt turn out beyond expectationC. didnt live up to my hope D. doesnt come up to our expectation 答案：C6、Using

12、 his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的雜交水稻種子，農(nóng)民們種出的糧食比以前多了一倍。倍數(shù)表達(dá)法(1) 倍數(shù)（百分?jǐn)?shù)）+ 形容詞比較級(jí) + than + 比較對(duì)象 增加倍This room is three times bigger than that one. 這個(gè)房子比那個(gè)房子大三倍。(2) 倍數(shù)+ as +形容詞原形 + as + 比較對(duì)象是的幾倍This room is three times as big as that one. 這個(gè)房子是那個(gè)房子的三倍。(3) 倍數(shù)

13、+ up on +比較對(duì)象 增加倍The number of students in our school now is 200% up on that of last year.我們學(xué)?，F(xiàn)在的學(xué)生數(shù)量比去年增加了兩倍。(4) 倍數(shù) + over +比較對(duì)象 增加倍The number of students in our school now is 200% over that of last year.我們學(xué)?，F(xiàn)在的學(xué)生數(shù)量比去年增加了兩倍。(5) 倍數(shù) + the + 名詞 + of +比較對(duì)象 是的幾倍This bridge is three times the length of t

14、hat one. 這座橋的長(zhǎng)度是那座橋的三倍。即時(shí)活用：1、Some parts in South China have experienced_ this year as they did last year.A. twice as much rain B. rain twice as much C. as twice much rain D. twice rain as much 2、My glasses cost me _ the lost pair that I bought.A. times three B. three times more than C. three times

15、as much as D. as much three times as 3、 Do you regret paying fifty dollars for the dog? - No, I would gladly have paid _ for him.A. as much twice B. twice so much C. much twice D. twice as much 4、Now the city is _ it used to be.A. three times as large as B. three time larger as C. larger as three ti

16、mes as D. as three times larger than 答案：ACDA7、Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多虧了他的研究，聯(lián)合國(guó)在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中又多了些方法。rid v. 免除,清除,使.獲自由 Lets get rid of this moldy old furniture. 咱們把這件發(fā)霉的家具扔了。We will be glad to get rid of him. 我們很高興擺脫了他。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：（1）be rid of 擺

17、脫掉She was glad to be rid of him. 擺脫了他她很高興。 Will I ever be rid of this cold? 我的感冒還能好嗎？（2）get rid of 擺脫掉；戒掉It took me a month to get rid of my cough. 我的咳嗽一個(gè)月后才好。 You should get rid of smoking. 你應(yīng)該戒煙。即時(shí)活用：What way are you thinking of _ rid of the flies? A. to get B. getting C. being got D. to be gettin

18、g 答案：A8、He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他寧愿為自己的愛(ài)好留點(diǎn)時(shí)間。had / would rather 寧愿Id rather stay here a couple of days. 我想在這兒再呆幾天。 I had rather you told the truth. 我寧愿的說(shuō)實(shí)話。特別提示：had / would rather 表示“寧愿”時(shí)后面跟動(dòng)詞原形；如果后面跟從句，從句謂語(yǔ)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即過(guò)去式。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：would / had ratherthan 寧愿而不愿Id much rather deal wit

19、h a man than with a woman. 我愿意和男人打交道，不愿和女人打交道。 即時(shí)活用：1、I _ play football than basketball. A. would rather B. had better C. like better D. prefer 2、He insisted on staying _ back home. A. rather than going B. rather than go C. than going D. rather than to go 3、 Shall I tell them the news? -No, I would

20、rather they _ know. A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. didnt 4、Id go to hell _stay with you. A. than B. rather C. rather than D. better than 5、In fact, Mary would rather have left for San Francisco _ in Los Angeles.A. by staying B. that stay C. than have stayed D. to stay6、_ you rather sit by the window.

21、 A. Dont B. Will C. Wouldnt D. Wont 答案：A ADCCC 9、Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.袁博士從夢(mèng)中醒來(lái)，希望能種植一種可以養(yǎng)活更多人的水稻。with the hope of抱著的希望They went to south Pacific with the hope of finding some new plants.他們?nèi)ツ咸窖笙Ｍ业揭恍┬轮参?。With the hope of re

22、covery, she tried to live happily. 抱著康復(fù)的希望，她盡量愉快的生活。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：in the hope of 希望能We got up early in the morning in the hope of catching the first bus.我們?cè)缭缙鸫?，希望能趕上第一班車(chē)。特別提示：“with the hope of抱著的希望”一般表示客觀希望；而in the hope of一般表示主觀希望。即時(shí)活用：_ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease,

23、the patient sought her doctors help to end her life. A. Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cure C. There being hope for cure D. In the hope of cure答案：B10、These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time.經(jīng)過(guò)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，食物中所提供的化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)在人的體內(nèi)聚集。build up(1) 建設(shè)起來(lái)；發(fā)展起來(lái)He has built

24、 up a good business over the years. 幾年下來(lái)他的生意發(fā)展的很不錯(cuò)了。We have achieved great successes in the cause of building up our country.在建設(shè)我們國(guó)家的過(guò)程中我們?nèi)〉昧撕芏喑晒Α?2) 加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)You must build up your strength again. 你應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)你的力量。Good food builds up the body. 好食品能使身體健康。(3) 積累；積聚We first have to build up some experience. 首先我們

25、應(yīng)該積累一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)。China has built up enough money to cope with the economic crisis.中國(guó)已經(jīng)聚集了足夠的經(jīng)濟(jì)以對(duì)以經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。(4) 逐步增加The clouds are building up. 烏云在聚積。The noise built up till Mary couldnt stand it any longer. 聲音越來(lái)越大知道瑪麗再也受不了。即時(shí)活用：1、Students should play more on the playground to _ up their bodies.A. hold B. get C.

26、keep D. build 答案：D2、-I felt very bad these days . - Oh, you should _ your body.A. build up B. look at C. think D. take care 答案：A11、They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 他們把注意力集中在保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。focus on 用法歸納：（1）對(duì)準(zhǔn)；把光線集中在Focus the light on the object while I am taking a photo of it.我

27、拍照時(shí)把光線集中在物體上。The scientist focused the telescope on the moon. 那個(gè)科學(xué)家把望遠(yuǎn)鏡對(duì)準(zhǔn)月球。（2）把集中在上You should focus your attention on your study. 你應(yīng)該把注意力集中在學(xué)習(xí)上。All eyes were focused on her. 所有眼睛都集中在她身上。12、They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 他們把注意力集中在保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。free of 用法歸納：（1）沒(méi)有；免受；免交 The o

28、ld couple are now free of burden. 那對(duì)老年人現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有負(fù)擔(dān)。If your salary is under 1600 Yuan one month, you are free of income tax.如果你每月工資低于1600元，你就可以免交個(gè)人所得稅。（2）遠(yuǎn)離；離開(kāi) When I am tired, I can be free of noisy city. 退休后，我就可以遠(yuǎn)離喧鬧的城市。We will be free of school in three months. 三個(gè)月后我們就能離開(kāi)學(xué)校了。特別提示: free of還可以作短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，表示“使擺

29、脫”。The housewife opened the window to free the room of smoke.主婦打開(kāi)窗子讓房子里的煙跑一跑。13、This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.這還可使空氣、土壤、水和作物不受化學(xué)物質(zhì)污染。keepfree from / of 使免受 Keep these vegetables free from poison. 使這些蔬菜別受毒物污染。Society should keep children free from bad effects.社會(huì)應(yīng)該

30、使孩子們免受壞的影響。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：（1）free from 把從中解脫出來(lái)Teachers should free students from heavy studies. 老師應(yīng)該把學(xué)生從繁重的學(xué)習(xí)中解脫出來(lái)。You should free me from housework. 你應(yīng)該讓我從家務(wù)中解脫出來(lái)。（2）be free from無(wú)的；免予的This sentence is free from mistake. 這個(gè)句子沒(méi)錯(cuò)誤。 I am free from disease. 我沒(méi)病。即時(shí)活用：- What about the protection ?- Lets keep the su

31、rface _ dirty by putting a cover over it .A. far from B. free from C. apart from D. away from 答案：B14、He was lost in thought. 他陷入深思。be lost in用法歸納：（1）消失在中 The thief ran away and was lost in the crow. 小偷逃跑了并且消失在人群中。The snowflakes were soon lost in the water. 雪花很快消失在水中。（2）陷入；被所吸引The student was lost in

32、 thought. 那個(gè)學(xué)生陷入深思。 The boy was lost in the book. 男孩被書(shū)深深的吸引。（3）迷路 They must be lost in the forest. 他們肯定在森林中迷路了。It is very easy for a stranger to get lost in Shanghai. 陌生人在上海很容易迷路。即時(shí)活用：_ in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him .A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose 答案：C15、He stu

33、died ways of keeping seeds and advised farmers to choose seed-heads which had the best color.他研究保存種子的辦法并且建議農(nóng)民們挑選顏色最好的穗株。advise vt. & vi. 建議；勸告；出主意 用法歸納：（1）跟名詞或代詞They advised an early start tomorrow. 他們建議明天早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。We have to stay here, can I advise it? 我們必須呆在這里，我能這樣建議嗎？（2）advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建議某

34、人（別）做某事Can you advise me where to stay when I was in Xian? 你能建議我在西安時(shí)住在哪里嗎？What would you advise me to do next? 你建議我下來(lái)做什么？（3）跟動(dòng)名詞He advised staying at home at night. 他建議晚上呆在家里。 We advised his studying abroad. 我們建議他去國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)。（4）跟從句The teacher advised that he pay more attention to his spelling.老師建議他多注意拼寫(xiě)。T

35、hey advised that I should give up my idea. 他們建議我放棄我的想法。特別提示：一堅(jiān)持：insist 二命令：order, command 三建議：advise, suggest, propose 四要求：ask, demand, require, request 后跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)要用should +動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。另外，以上詞作名詞時(shí)，其后的表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)也要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。規(guī)定同上。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：advise against 勸不要 advise on 就出主意advisable adj. 明智的；可取的advise

36、dly adv.有意的；經(jīng)過(guò)考慮的即時(shí)活用：1、We are _ by doctors to eat more natural food and take plenty of physical exercises.A. suggested B. warned of C. informed D. advised 2、Jack should have taken the doctors advice that he _in bed for a couple of days. A. would lie B. lie C. must lie D. lay 3、I advise you at once.

37、Ato do your homework Bdo your homeworks Cdoing your homework Ddid your homeworks 4、I advise you water that isnt boiled any more. Ato drink Bnot to drink Cto not drink Ddrinking 5、I advise the person _ to _ put into prison.A. referring; be B. referred; be C. refers; be D. referred; being 答案：DBABB16、T

38、he next spring the seeds should be knocked out of their seed-heads and planted.第二年春天把種子從穗株中敲出來(lái)。knock + O + OC 用法歸納：(1) knock + O +形容詞The car knocked him senseless. 車(chē)把他撞昏了。His heavy blow knocked me dumbfounded. 他重重的一拳打得我不知所措。(2) knock + O + 副詞Let me knock the dust off. 我來(lái)把灰塵撣掉。 Please knock the ball up. 把球打起來(lái)。(3) knock + O +介詞短語(yǔ)He knocked the dish off the table.他把盤(pán)子從桌子上撞下來(lái)了。I knocked my knee against the chair. 我把膝蓋撞到椅子。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：knock