過(guò)去完成時(shí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案

1、過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)： 掌握過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成和用法。學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法: 過(guò)去完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成 過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞had (用于各種時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù))+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。否定式：had not + 過(guò)去分詞 縮寫(xiě)形式：hadnt用法：過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，它表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。 它是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，只有在和過(guò)去某動(dòng)作進(jìn)行比較時(shí)才可用到它。過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)常與by, by the time, before, by the end of等介詞短語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句搭配。如：By the time he was ten, he h

2、ad learned 200 English words. 到十歲時(shí)，他已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了二百個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。I had seen you before you saw me. 在你看到我之前，我已看到了你。表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與for引導(dǎo)的一段時(shí)間連用，此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用表示延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞。He had studied English for two hours when I called him.當(dāng)我給他打電話(huà)時(shí),他已經(jīng)學(xué)英語(yǔ)兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。用在賓語(yǔ)從句中，主句謂語(yǔ)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，代替現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。如：The teacher asked me

3、 what had happened to me. 老師問(wèn)我發(fā)生了什么事。 過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別： 兩者都表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，但是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示的是相對(duì)于現(xiàn)在的過(guò)去時(shí)間，而過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)表示的是相對(duì)于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的過(guò)去，即過(guò)去的過(guò)去。如：They had finished that work yesterday. (×)They finished that work yesterday. () 他們昨天完成了那項(xiàng)工作。Most of students arrived before 4 yesterday afternoon.(×)Most of students h

4、ad arrived before 4 yesterday afternoon. () 當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上接連發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用 and 或but 連接時(shí)，按時(shí)間順序，只需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。如：She took up her schoolbag, locked the door and went to school by bike.她拿起書(shū)包，鎖上門(mén)，然后騎著自行車(chē)去上學(xué)了。當(dāng)堂達(dá)標(biāo)單項(xiàng)選擇（ ）1My mother_ in that factory at the age of 18.A. had worked B. has worked C. worked D. works （ ）2. What _

5、_ Jane _ by the time he was seven?A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done（ ）3. I _ 900 English words by the time I was ten。A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt（ ）4. The man _ _ his coat and went out.A. put on B. had put on C. will put on D. was putting on（ ）5. By the time my

6、parents reached home yesterday, I _ _ the dinner already.A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked（ ）6. She said she _ the principle alreadyA .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen（ ）7. She said her family _ themselves _ the army during the war.A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C.

7、has hidden, with D. had hidden, with（ ）8. By the time he was ten years old, he _.A. has completed university B. has completed the universityB. had completed an university D. had completed university（ ）9. She had written a number of books _ the end of last year.A. for B. in C. by D. at （ ）10. He _ to

8、 play _ before he was 11 years old.A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano. （ ）11. What _ Annie _ by the time he was ten?A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done （ ）12 .He _ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.A. has worke

9、d B. works C. had worked D. will work（ ）13. By the end of last week, they _ the bridge.A. has completed B. completed C. will complete D. had completed（ ）14. The students _ their classroom when the visitors arrived.A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned（ ）15. By the time he was 4, he _ a lot of German words.A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns （ ）16 .Jim turned off the lights and then _ the classroom.A. was left B. had left C. has left D. left （ ）17. The train from Beijing _ ten minutes ago.A. has arrived B. was arriving C.