賓語從句課件

1、賓語從句三要點(diǎn)賓語從句三要點(diǎn)一、賓語從句的概念 賓語從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句，在句中作動(dòng)詞、介詞的賓語。eg. We know Mr Green teaches English. Create an interest in what you lerrn.賓語從句賓語從句是初中英語教材中重點(diǎn)語法之一，也是中考一個(gè)考查熱點(diǎn)。二、賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語 序時(shí) 態(tài)要點(diǎn)一：賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞要點(diǎn)一：賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞.當(dāng)賓語從句是由陳述句變化而來時(shí)，該當(dāng)賓語從句是由陳述句變化而來時(shí)，該從句通常由從句通常由that引導(dǎo)。此時(shí)引導(dǎo)。此時(shí)that沒有具體沒有具體意義，口語中可以省略。意義

2、，口語中可以省略。例如：例如： Im sure. You have seen that book before.（合并句子）（合并句子） Im sure (that) you have seen that book before.2.當(dāng)賓語從句是由一般疑問句變化而來時(shí)，用連當(dāng)賓語從句是由一般疑問句變化而來時(shí)，用連詞詞if或或whether引導(dǎo)，意思為引導(dǎo)，意思為“是否是否”，表示選擇。，表示選擇。例如：例如： Could you tell us ? Will he really come here ? （合并句子）（合并句子） Could you tell us if / whether he

3、 will really come here ?注意：注意： if 和和whether在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，一般可以互換，在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，一般可以互換，但下列但下列5種情況中只能用種情況中只能用whether ，而不能用，而不能用if 。1）當(dāng)和）當(dāng)和or not 一起使用時(shí)。例如：一起使用時(shí)。例如：We didnt know whether or not she was ready. 我們不知道她是否已做好準(zhǔn)備。我們不知道她是否已做好準(zhǔn)備。2）賓語從句用作介詞賓語時(shí)。例如：）賓語從句用作介詞賓語時(shí)。例如： I am interested in whether he joined the arm

4、y. 我對(duì)他是否參軍了很感興趣。我對(duì)他是否參軍了很感興趣。3）當(dāng)賓語從句移到句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)。例如：）當(dāng)賓語從句移到句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)。例如：Whether this is true or not, Im not sure. 這是否真實(shí)，我不敢肯定。這是否真實(shí)，我不敢肯定。4)連詞處于動(dòng)詞不定式前，用連詞處于動(dòng)詞不定式前，用whether而不用而不用if。例如：例如： We decided whether to walk there.5）.用在discuss后面時(shí)： They are discussing whether they should go by bus. 小結(jié)：三前二后小結(jié)：三前二后:

5、句子前面，句子前面，or not前面，不定式前；介詞之后前面，不定式前；介詞之后與與 discuss后，要用后，要用whether不不用用if.3.當(dāng)賓語從句由特殊疑問句變化而來時(shí)，則用該當(dāng)賓語從句由特殊疑問句變化而來時(shí)，則用該特殊疑問詞來引導(dǎo)賓語從句。特殊疑問詞來引導(dǎo)賓語從句。例如：例如： Could you tell me ? Where is the nearest post office ? （合并句子）（合并句子） Could you tell me where the nearest post office is ?注意：連接詞作定語時(shí)，和它所修飾的詞是不可注意：連接詞作定語時(shí)，和

6、它所修飾的詞是不可以分開的。例如：以分開的。例如：What time , which room , how many people等。例如：等。例如：I dont know how many people there are in the room. 要點(diǎn)二：賓語從句的語序要點(diǎn)二：賓語從句的語序 賓語從句一律用陳述句語序。從句的賓語從句一律用陳述句語序。從句的結(jié)構(gòu)均為結(jié)構(gòu)均為“引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞+主語主語+謂語謂語+其他成其他成分分”。例如例如：1.We dont know when they will arrive. 2.Could you tell me which way we must ta

7、ke to get to the museum?Choose 1.Im not sure _. A.where do you live B. where you live B 2. They dont know _. A. where the museum is B. where is the museum A 3. Do you remember _? A. where did you put the keys B. where you put the keys B 4. I have no idea _. A. how much a concert ticket costs B. how

8、much does a concert ticket costA5. Do you know _ ? A. is it going to rain B. if it is going to rain B6. Can you tell me _ ? A. where have they moved B. whether they have moved.B 7. Im not really sure_. A. whether the plane will be late B. will the plane be late. A 要點(diǎn)三：賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)要點(diǎn)三：賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)（有三條規(guī)則）（有三條規(guī)則

9、）1.如果主句是祈使句或是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或如果主句是祈使句或是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)態(tài)，賓語從句可根據(jù)句意一般將來時(shí)態(tài)，賓語從句可根據(jù)句意選擇任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。選擇任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。例如：例如：1).Do you know who he was talking with at eight last night?2). Please tell me how many pictures they have drawn .3).Mary says she will come back soon .2.如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，則賓語從句如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，則賓語從句常用表示過去的任意時(shí)態(tài)。常用表示過去的任意時(shí)態(tài)。

10、例如：例如：1).He said that he was a cleaner .2).I knew she had cleaned the house already .3.如果賓語從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)、真如果賓語從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言、諺語等時(shí)，主句理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言、諺語等時(shí)，主句即使使用了過去時(shí)，賓語從句仍然用一即使使用了過去時(shí)，賓語從句仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 例如：例如：1).He said (that) time is money.2). Our teacher told us that light travels much faster than soun

11、d .3). She said that one and one makes two .1.The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)2.Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 3.I hear they _ (return) it already. 4.He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)5.He said that they _ members of the Party since 19

12、48. (be)goeswere playinghave returnedwere doinghad been6. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)7.I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk)8.I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be)9.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)travelsare talkingwereWill be例例2.I dont

13、know _ he will come tomorrw. _ he comes, Ill tell you. (2005江蘇江蘇) A.if; Whether B.whether; Whether C.if; That D.if; If 解析：例中，前一句是賓語從句，用解析：例中，前一句是賓語從句，用if和和whether均可，但后一句為條件狀語從句，均可，但后一句為條件狀語從句，只能用只能用if，故答案為，故答案為D。D例例3. I dont know if he _. He will come if it _. A.comes; wont rain B.will come; doesnt

14、rain C.comes; doesnt rain D.will come; wont rain 解析：例中，前一句是解析：例中，前一句是if引導(dǎo)的賓語從引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，根據(jù)意思判斷應(yīng)為將來時(shí)，后一句是句，根據(jù)意思判斷應(yīng)為將來時(shí)，后一句是條件狀語從句，主句為將來時(shí)，從句用一條件狀語從句，主句為將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故答案為般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故答案為B.B在中考試題中，對(duì)賓語從句的考查主要在中考試題中，對(duì)賓語從句的考查主要體現(xiàn)在三個(gè)方面：連詞、語序和時(shí)態(tài)。近年體現(xiàn)在三個(gè)方面：連詞、語序和時(shí)態(tài)。近年來對(duì)狀語從句和賓語從句的混合考查更加頻來對(duì)狀語從句和賓語從句的混合考查更加頻繁，要注意綜合分析。下面還有

15、五道模擬中繁，要注意綜合分析。下面還有五道模擬中考題，大家做做看?？碱}，大家做做看。1.I want to know if they_ the spring sports meeting next month. If they _ it,I must get ready for it. A.hold; will hold B.will hold; hold C.hold; hold D.will hold; will hold B2.Excuse me,sir,could you tell me_? A.where I can find the toilet B.where can I fin

16、d the toilet C.where do I find the toilet D. the toilet is where 3.Could you tell me _? Yes, They _ to the library. A.Where are the twins; have been B.Where were the twins; have gone C.Where were the twins; have been D.Where the twins were; have goneAD4.Do you know_? Yes, he came here on a train. A.

17、when he came here B.if he will come here C.why he came here D.how he came here5.Father asked Edison_doing that for. A.how he was B.what he was C.Why was he D.where he wasDB賓語從句巧記歌賓語從句巧記歌 學(xué)習(xí)賓從三注意：學(xué)習(xí)賓從三注意： 時(shí)態(tài)主現(xiàn)從任，時(shí)態(tài)主現(xiàn)從任， 主過從過主過從過 語序必用陳述序，語序必用陳述序， that連接陳述句，連接陳述句， 省與不省沒關(guān)系；省與不省沒關(guān)系； 從句若表是否時(shí)，從句若表是否時(shí)， if,w

18、hether均可以；均可以； 特殊問句作賓語，特殊問句作賓語， 仍用原來疑問詞。仍用原來疑問詞。 1.I dont know if he _(come) tomorrow. If he _(come), Ill ring you up.will comecomes2. He doesnt know _ to stay or not.A.whether B. if C. either D. if he willA.whether3.I dont know _ or not our teacher will come here; _ he comes, Ill let you know.A.if;

19、whether B. whether;ifC. whether;whether D. if;ifB13. He told me _he was thirteen his father died. A. when, that B. that C. / D. That, when14 Do you think _ an English film tomorrow night? A. is there B. there is going to have C. there is going to be D. will there be15. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you.A.if,whether B.whether,whether C.it,that D if, If 16.The teacher said they _ a meeting16.The teacher said they _ a meeting next Monday. next Monday.A.hav